UX-13 P1 review: Home draws only what the cycle would do

- Trade blocks: none on a battery with no room, no sale at a negative price
  or while the emptiest battery is at arbitrage's floor, nothing when a
  level is unknown. A give after a charge may use what the charge put in.
- The refusal line names the real reason: prices not published vs gap.
- The plan's peak line uses the guard's ceiling (this month's peak once
  above the cap), as the peak card does.
- House below zero: 0 W inside the idle band, no figure beyond it.
- Price bars are "Low price" / "High price": the add-on trades in one hour.
- Control toggle: one request in flight at a time.
- test_home: the new cases; the house-sign mutation now goes red.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.gitea/infra-pin

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 # The admin/goodwe commit CI tests against. Bump: set to the full SHA of admin/goodwe release/1.0 HEAD (README.md, "CI and the infra pin").
-ecd3864d9376a990c267dfb399eb2dae4e56c76b
+d637d0b1b13f1b863dc47e445e2ca4cf4a82fe10

STYLE.md

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ This applies to everything a home owner or installer reads: notifications, phone
 - **Body**: **one sentence** of at most 25 words, saying what happened and what to do. A **red alarm** may use up to **3 sentences** (70 words, each sentence at most 30 words), so that no action a person must take is lost.
 - **Details**: the last line links to the add-on documentation and names the section with the rest: `Details: add-on documentation, section "<title>" under Notifications.` Background, figures, reason codes and history go there or into the log, never into the body.
 - **Status row**: one sentence of at most 15 words. A **red** row may use up to 3 sentences (30 words), like a red alarm. It shows the live numbers the reader acts on and never an HA entity id. **Banner**: at most 12 words. **Refusal**: at most 30 words, naming the setting by its label and then its key, as `messages.setting()` writes it: “Inverter rating” (max_w), or “Inverter rating” for inverter-b (inverters.max_w) for one inverter in the list. **Option name**: at most 6 words, not counting the group prefix. **Option description**: at most 30 words. Where a value comes from belongs in DOCS.md.
-- **Log line** (WARNING/ERROR): one line, at most 25 words, with the numbers that matter. The reasoning goes on a DEBUG line. Log lines stay in English and are not translated. A reason text a line quotes (`%s`) keeps its reason code (`OUTPUT_CLAMP`, `STALE_READING`), because that is the evidence an installer searches for. The reason itself has the shape of a red alarm: at most 3 sentences of at most 30 words. The line as logged has no semicolon, banned word, capitals, "1 times" or "(s)". `test_messages.py` part 6 builds every such reason with the real code and checks it. A line that repeats every cycle is DEBUG. INFO lines carry no section numbers, ISO timestamps or capitals.
+- **Plan line** (UX-13 Home screen: the plan, tooltips, a battery's "now" line): at most 2 sentences, each at most 12 words. Words from `app/homeview.py`, checked by `test_messages.py` part 8.
+- **Log line** (WARNING/ERROR): one line of at most 25 words **as logged**, with any built text filled in. Log lines stay in English and are not translated. A line that reports a safety reason gives one plain sentence and the reason's code (`STALE_READING`, `OUTPUT_CLAMP`), the evidence an installer searches for. The reason itself, with its figures and limits, goes on a DEBUG line right after it and into the action log, never onto the WARNING/ERROR line. It keeps the shape of a red alarm: at most 3 sentences of at most 30 words. The line as logged has no semicolon, banned word, capitals, "1 times" or "(s)". `test_messages.py` part 6 builds every such text with the real code and checks it, and lists the few non-safety families still over 25 words. A line that repeats every cycle is DEBUG. INFO lines carry no section numbers, ISO timestamps or capitals.
 - **Refusal length is counted as shown**: a setting placeholder counts as its label and key, and the long cases are driven through the validator (`test_messages.py` part 3).
 - **Event line** under the buttons: the plain words of `messages.hint()`, like a green row. The add-on's own action log stays technical and is not shown on the page. Installers read it as `events` in the `status` JSON.
 - **Sentences**: one idea each, active voice, present tense, with nothing nested in brackets and no semicolons (a semicolon is a second sentence in disguise). These translate well into Dutch and French.

goodwe_controller/DECISIONS/SAFETY-52-a-battery-that-refuses.md

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# SAFETY-52 - a battery that refuses is asked for 0 W
+
+**Decided 2026-09-27 by the owner, on the phase A plan (option D3). All four
+questions answered yes.**
+
+## The defect
+
+At the BMS cut-out the battery gives ~0 W whatever it is asked. The saturation
+freeze (`control.py`, `frozen`) then holds the request where it stood, and its
+SAFETY-13 exit cannot fire, because a reading of ~0 against a large ask lies
+inside the interval a limit can produce. The request stood at +5000 W for
+11.87 h on 2026-09-06 and at +1940 W for 3 h 55 m on the bus on 2026-09-19. It
+moved again only when the grid error changed sign. SAFETY-48's lead cap only
+changes where `i_w` parks (one slew step ahead instead of at the rail). When
+the request moved after the reading went flat, the stale-reading gate won
+instead and ran SAFETY-59's ~70 s trip cycle.
+
+## What was decided
+
+1. **A refused direction is held at 0 W**, reason `battery refuses`. It engages
+   in `compute()` when the freeze has held `SETTLE_CYCLES` and the reading is
+   below `REFUSED_BELOW_W` (100 W, the probe's own answer) against an ask beyond
+   `saturation_w`. The drop to 0 skips
+   the slew limit (it only removes an ask nobody meets). The direction is
+   carried like `sat_count` (`refused=`, `Decision.refused`).
+2. **A 200 W probe every 15 minutes, 34 s long** (`PROBE_W`, `PROBE_EVERY_S`,
+   `PROBE_S`; twice `BATT_OBLIGED_S`). A reading of at least 100 W in the held
+   direction ends the refusal, during a probe or not. 200 W is below `freshness.MOVE_W` (250 W), so a probe cannot arm
+   the gate. The clock is main.py's `now_mono`; `compute()` stays clockless.
+3. **A gate trip while the loop is frozen on a ~0 W reading is a refusal** for
+   control (`Controller._refusal_from_stale`). This is what stops the ~70 s
+   cycle. The log keeps SAFETY-56's two-explanation wording.
+4. **No SoC in the loop.** SAFETY-25 Option A stands. Nothing reads SoC.
+
+Other exits: the loop wants the other direction (charge is accepted at the
+floor), control stopped or started, another writer on the wire (the arbiter
+reseed). A gap in the readings keeps the refusal, because the gate's own stop is
+what seeds it.
+
+**One inverter only.** At N>1, OPT-09's `pack` limit already closes an empty
+battery's discharge end and moves its share. There, a one-unit gate trip must
+not refuse the site. `compute()` is passed `refused=None` there, and that path
+is release/1.0's law unchanged (the `i_w=None` equivalence sweep in
+`test_control.py` still holds).
+
+## Evidence
+
+`test_refusal.py` drives the real Controller and gate (the 09-06 and 09-19
+shapes, recovery with no sign change, the probe cadence, every exit).
+`tools/replay_refusal.py` replays the 16-day capture, same model as
+`replay_recorded_loop.py`, and should be read for deltas:
+
+| plant | law | gate trips | request >1 kW above delivery | longest held | import / export kWh | worst 15-min |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| fitted | old | 85 | 113.3 h | 16.57 h | 112.0 / 35.2 | 3434 W |
+| fitted | new | 130 (133 after review) | 11.4 h | 0.21 h | 112.3 / 35.4 | 3456 W |
+| offset 0 W | old | 1010 | 102.2 h | 16.58 h | 112.0 / 35.2 | 3434 W |
+| offset 0 W | new | 85 | 6.1 h | 0.33 h | 111.9 / 35.1 | 3434 W |
+
+**Traced in review (#141).** The +22 W worst quarter is the old law's worst
+quarter too. There the old law stands at +2060 W on a pack giving 0 W, and the
+new law asks 0 W, which the fitted plant answers with its -22 W offset: 22 W
+charged from the grid. The fit above the floor reads `batt = cmd - 28 W`, so a
+real inverter asked 0 W may do the same. Of the 71 new-law trips with no
+old-law trip within 2 min, 59 come 85-97 s after an answered probe. The offset has lifted the modelled pack
+just above its floor, the probe is answered, control ramps, the pack empties
+again mid-ramp, and the gate trips, which re-seeds the hold. The other 12
+follow an other-direction exit the same way. On a site this is one
+`STALE_READING` ERROR line per answered probe at most, and only on a battery
+that answers a probe and then cuts out again. Catching the re-cut before the
+gate needs a faster engage than `SETTLE_CYCLES`, which accuses a healthy slow
+battery, so it is left to SAFETY-58/59. After the review changes below the
+fitted-plant row reads 133 trips (the delivery exit now also catches answers
+that arrive after the probe window); the other figures are unchanged. Rejected alternatives and their figures are in
+the phase A plan: bounding the integrator by demand made the worst quarter
++541 W worse or cycled the gate 3368 times, and an SoC envelope needs the
+configured floor to be right and needs SoC.
+
+## Review changes (#141)
+
+- **"Gives nothing" is below 100 W, not below 500 W.** At `saturation_w` a
+  battery derated to 100-499 W (cold, a tapering battery) was held at 0 W for
+  ~93 % of the time: 300 W derated gave 86 Wh in 4 h against 1 200 Wh on the
+  old law. The capture has 0.11 h in that band, so the replay does not move.
+- **Any delivery ends the hold, not only an answered probe.** With
+  `meter_poll_s: 1` the 12 cycles last 12 s, less than a healthy battery's
+  reading lag (up to `BATT_OBLIGED_S`, 17 s). That engaged on a healthy step and
+  held it for 15 min. Now the late reading ends it within seconds (2 s held in
+  `test_refusal.py` part 5b).
+- **N>1 is stated as a limit in DOCS.** The pack limit there covers an empty
+  battery only when its cut-out level is configured right.
+
+## Not covered
+
+A battery that gives a steady part of the ask (e.g. a 500 W keep-alive) is a
+genuine limit (SAFETY-13 case a) and still holds its request.
+
+## What SAFETY-58 and SAFETY-59 must take into account
+
+- **SAFETY-58** (the first read after a rest trips at once): a probe never arms
+  the gate (200 < 250 W), but the refusal seeding reads the trip. If 58 delays
+  the first verdict, the seed arrives later. The 09-19 shape then needs the
+  compute-side engagement (12 cycles) to win, which it does only while the
+  request stands still. Keep `test_refusal.py` part 4 green.
+- **SAFETY-59** (DOCS says a ~70 s pattern proves a failed register): with this
+  change a refusing battery no longer produces the pattern at one inverter. The
+  DOCS text should say so, and that the `battery refuses` reason is the
+  discriminator the add-on now has. At N>1 the old pattern can still occur.
+- If either changes `MOVE_W`, `PROBE_W` must stay below it.
+  `test_refusal.py` part 2 checks the inequality.

goodwe_controller/DECISIONS/UX-08-short-notifications.md

@@ -78,3 +78,15 @@ The allowlist is empty and its cap is 0 (43 → 0). Every WARNING and ERROR line
 7. **Review: the line as logged gets the shape too.** Part 6 first checked the quoted reason alone, so a title, a 2-sentence reason and two tails still logged as 4 sentences ("Power request too high …: OUTPUT_CLAMP: … +5000 W. The command this cycle was +1000 W. Control is still running. Cut back 1 time so far."). Part 6 now also checks the whole line: at most 3 sentences, none over 30 words. The wrappers became one sentence each, the circulation and peak guard reasons two, and `STALE_READING`'s fixed limits moved from the reason to a DEBUG line beside the ERROR (its release clause stays, pinned by test_freshness). The clamp lines for one inverter are pinned at 30 words at most: `OUTPUT_CLAMP: computed +9000 W, cut to the +5000 W rating, command now +2000 W`. Several clamped inverters read as one sentence of asked/sent pairs; which limit bound each is on its own action-log row and in the notification. Totals above 30 words remain on the direction, delivery, frozen-meter and stale lines (up to 74 words). Shortening them is a follow-up: the direction and delivery reasons are also persisted in state.json, and the direction one is pinned byte-for-byte in test_watchdog.
 8. **Home Assistant 400 while it loads** now reads "Home Assistant refused number.set_value for number.x (error 400, no details). The entity may still be loading, or the value is out of range." A body with more than "400: Bad Request" is still quoted. Still WARNING, still once a minute, still a failed write.
 9. **Witness** (admin/goodwe): the resolved push says "after no answers from … to …", as the resolved card does. The YAML with every title and message stripped is identical.
+
+# UX-11: safety log lines give the code, the figures go to DEBUG
+
+**Unchanged:** every trigger, latch, threshold and alarm log level (the WARNING and ERROR lines stay), every notification id and cadence, every row colour and the banner cascade. No notification is added.
+
+1. **One plain sentence and the code.** A WARNING/ERROR line that reports a safety reason (direction, delivery, stuck meter, stale reading, peak guard, circulation, over-rating) now ends in the reason's code, taken by `messages.reason_code()`. The reason itself, figures and limits included, is on a DEBUG line logged right after it ("Evidence for inverter-a: …"), and the action log entry carries it as before. Part 6 checks that pairing in the code. Circulation and the clamp lines were not among the five named, but they break the same 25-word rule, so they follow the same pattern. The clamp numbers stay in the notification (phase 2a item 3).
+2. **The reasons and `state.json` are unchanged.** `reason` stays the evidence text, so what is saved has the same format as before. An old state file therefore loads and displays like a new one: every saved reason has opened with its code since it was first written (checked in the git history), and that code is all the ERROR line reads. The saved text goes on the DEBUG line. A stop saved without a reason shows `REASON_NOT_SAVED`. `test_messages.py` part 7 restarts from a state file holding the old long texts. `test_watchdog.py` pins the meaning (the code first, then command, reading, time and both limits, in that order) and, since the text did not change, still the bytes.
+3. **The 25-word rule is checked as logged.** Part 6 fails any WARNING+ line over 25 words with its built text filled in. Nine non-safety families still run long (tariff plan words, price feed reasons, the state migration report, write refusals and claim scope errors that only a software fault raises, maintenance, trading gate and price history reasons). They are listed with a reason in `LONG_LINE_OK`, capped at 9, and a listed family that gets shorter fails until it is removed. Shortening them is a follow-up.
+4. **The meter row's "the add-on log shows why" is now true.** When the meter goes quiet past its limit, the add-on logs one WARNING per episode, not one per cycle, and an INFO line when readings return. A meter that flaps (on `ha_signed` a healthy meter under a flat load can go 42–97 s between changes) logs at most one such pair per 10 minutes, and the episodes in between go to DEBUG. This is a new log line, not a new alarm: it has no notification and changes no decision.
+5. **The Why line past the 15 s hold** names the missing reading ("No usable meter reading for over 15 seconds: 0 W", or the battery power or level of an inverter), instead of "A reading is missing: 0 W".
+6. **Action log:** "25 engagement(s)" is "25 engagements", and "SHADOW MODE OFF - …" is "Shadow mode off: …". "SHADOW MODE ON" was not named in the card and is left as it is.
+7. **Review: after a restart the figures go on the action log too.** `log_level` defaults to `info`, so the DEBUG evidence line is not seen by default, and `events` starts empty. Each restored stop (direction per inverter and site, delivery, circulation) now also writes its saved reason to the action log ("FAILSAFE inverter-a, saved before the restart: …"), and the page's event line gets the same plain words the live stop gives. `LONG_LINE_OK` also refuses a key whose text is a safety reason, not only a `reason_code` key.

goodwe_controller/DECISIONS/UX-13-one-layout-table.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# UX-13 — one layout table, and why UI code may now name an option key
+
+**Status: DECIDED 2026-09-27 (owner approved the UX-13 design and mockup).**
+Card 6ab979852f3eca02fb40f69e. Amends [[UX-02]] §3.1. Design note and
+mockup: `goodwe-session/UX-13-design.md`, `UX-13-mockup.html`.
+
+## 1. What UX-02 said, and why it no longer fits
+
+UX-02 built the configuration panel from the Supervisor's schema, so
+`app/configui.py` contains "no option key, no label and no rule", and
+test_selfconfig.py part 5 checks that the page script names no key. That kept
+a second copy of the option surface from drifting, and it is why the panel is
+a flat list of fields in schema order.
+
+UX-13 needs things a schema cannot say: groups and sub-groups, a slider in kW
+for a value stored in W, a picker for an entity, a field shown only for one
+meter source, locked measured values, a Simple view and a setup wizard. It
+also needs page fields that are not options at all: one inverter card that is
+stored as six flat keys, solar rows that become `pv_entity` or `pv_entities`,
+a contract and two prices that become `static_profile` JSON, and a region
+that becomes the levies figure. None of that can be read off the schema, so
+some code has to name option keys.
+
+## 2. The decision
+
+Option keys may appear in UI code in exactly two files:
+
+- **`app/uilayout.py`**, the layout table: screen → group → part → field, with
+  control, unit, display scale, step, entity kind, when it is shown, whether it
+  is on the Simple view or a wizard step, and whether it applies now or after a
+  restart. Every option in `config.yaml` is a field, `DERIVED` or `HIDDEN`,
+  exactly once.
+- **`app/uimodel.py`**, the derivations the table names: `options_to_ui()` and
+  `ui_to_options()`. It may name only the keys it writes.
+
+What UX-02 made authoritative stays authoritative:
+
+- **Ranges** come from the schema (`uilayout.range_of()`); the table writes
+  none. A unit holds no digit.
+- **Labels and help** come from `translations/*.yaml` by key. Page-only fields,
+  group titles and choices are in `app/ui_text/*.json`, held to STYLE by
+  test_messages.py.
+- **Rules** stay in `validate.py`. It gains a warning tier (`validate.Note`,
+  "warn" or "info") for the page. A note never blocks a save, and passing the
+  notes list does not change the refusals returned.
+- **The stored blob** is still the one truth. The page model carries the stored
+  values of every derived key (`keep`). A derivation whose page fields are
+  unchanged writes those values back untouched, so a blob the page cannot
+  express survives a save of another field.
+
+## 3. How it is held
+
+- test_uilayout.py fails when `config.yaml` gains an option, or an inverter
+  field, that the table does not place. It also checks that uimodel.py names
+  only the keys it writes and that web.py and haentities.py name none.
+- test_uimodel.py round-trips options → page model → JSON → options for every
+  validator call the suite made at 652097a (`scenarios/ux13/`), the TEST-23
+  option files and config.yaml's defaults. All must be identical.
+- `tools/ux13_validator_calls.py compare` runs those calls through the old and
+  new validator. At P0: 261 calls, 158 refused, no refusal changed.
+- test_selfconfig.py part 5 still checks the old page script; P1 moves the page
+  into `app/static/` and the same check applies there.
+
+## 4. What this costs
+
+The table is a second place that knows the option surface, which UX-02 set
+out to avoid. The cost is bounded by the coverage test: an option added to
+config.yaml and not placed here fails CI, rather than silently missing from
+the page. Changing a key's type or range needs no change here.

goodwe_controller/DOCS.md

@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ accumulator is doing:
 | `Loop integrator lead` | W | that value minus **the command it was computed against**, i.e. the command the previous cycle left standing |
 | `Loop reason` | — | the law's own word for this cycle |
 
-`Loop reason` takes one of eight values:
+`Loop reason` takes one of ten values:
 
 | value | what happened |
 |---|---|
@@ -538,6 +538,27 @@ accumulator is doing:
 | `saturated-freeze` | the inverter is not following, so the command's magnitude may fall but not rise |
 | `freeze-released` | the freeze had run out of plant-shaped explanations and the command was let move again |
 | `not-running` | control is stopped **and** shadow mode is off, so the loop did not run |
+| `battery refuses` | the battery gave less than 100 W for 12 cycles (a minute at a 5-second meter) while asked for more than 500 W, so the add-on asks 0 W in that direction (see below) |
+| `battery probe` | the add-on asks 200 W to test whether a refusing battery gives power again |
+
+**When the battery refuses.** At its cut-out level the battery gives nothing,
+whatever it is asked. The add-on then asks 0 W instead of repeating its last
+request, and the `Why` row reads *The battery refuses to give power: 0 W*. Every
+15 minutes it asks 200 W for about half a minute. Control resumes as soon as
+the battery gives 100 W or more, when the grid needs charging instead, and when
+control is stopped or started. 200 W is below the 250 W the stale-reading check
+needs, so a test never trips it. A battery that gives some power, even 100 W,
+is not refusing and keeps its request.
+
+⚠️ **One inverter only.** With several inverters this hold is off. There, the
+battery level limit moves an empty battery's share to the others, but only if
+its “Battery cut-out level” matches where the battery really stops. A battery
+that refuses at another level, or for another reason (cold, a battery fault),
+can still hold its last request until the grid starts to export.
+
+*For installers:* SAFETY-52. The event log reads `BATTERY REFUSES …` and
+`BATTERY REFUSES ENDED: …`, and the INFO line ends in `BATTERY_REFUSES`.
+`DECISIONS/SAFETY-52-a-battery-that-refuses.md` has the replay figures.
 
 ⚠️ **`Loop reason` is not the `Why` row on the status page, and the two will
 often disagree.** `Why` is the *arbiter's* answer in words — *Keeping the grid
@@ -3095,8 +3116,11 @@ stop control on the add-on page.
 
 This part is for installers. The texts live in `app/messages.py` and follow
 `STYLE.md`. Every notification keeps a fixed `notification_id`, so a repeat
-replaces the card. The full figures and reason codes are on the ERROR or
-WARNING line of the add-on log.
+replaces the card. The ERROR or WARNING line of the add-on log names the
+reason code. The full figures are in `events` in the `status` JSON, also for a
+stop restored after a restart, and on the DEBUG line logged right after it.
+That DEBUG line only shows with “Log level” (log_level) set to `debug`; the
+default `info` hides it.
 
 | Title | Severity | id | Card |
 |---|---|---|---|
@@ -3223,8 +3247,9 @@ ends. That row says how to clear it.
 
 ### For installers: status page
 
-The texts are in `app/messages.py`. The full figures of any alarm are on its
-ERROR or WARNING line in the add-on log.
+The texts are in `app/messages.py`. An alarm's ERROR or WARNING line names its
+reason code, and its full figures are on the DEBUG line right after it and in
+`events` in the `status` JSON.
 
 - **Stuck-meter check: off** needs `meter_source: homewizard_local` (label
   “Where the meter reading comes from”), a `max_w` (“Inverter rating”) and a
@@ -3246,9 +3271,14 @@ ERROR or WARNING line in the add-on log.
   check** SAFETY-42.
 - **Month peak** and **15-minute periods measured** are TARIFF-01 and
   TARIFF-13. The store's state at start is the INFO line `Month peak store:
-  …`, and the peak guard's full reason is on its log line.
+  …`, and the peak guard's full reason is on the DEBUG line after its ERROR.
 - ***name*: battery power reading stopped changing** is SAFETY-37/56/57. The
-  ERROR line carries the full `STALE_READING` reason and when it clears.
+  ERROR line says when it clears and names `STALE_READING`. The full reason,
+  with both possible causes, is on the DEBUG line after it.
+- **Meter: no reading for …** (red): the add-on logs one WARNING when the
+  meter goes quiet, "No meter reading for …", and an INFO line when readings
+  return, at most once every 10 minutes. Past `stale_input_s` the **Why**
+  line names the missing reading.
 - The table at the top: **Why** is `messages.why()`, the arbiter's answer in
   words (`Resolution.explain()` stays on the log). **Tariff**, **Price
   history**, **Arbitrage** and **Shadow mode** keep every figure they had

goodwe_controller/app/control.py

@@ -265,6 +265,34 @@ _SAT_COUNT_CAP = SETTLE_CYCLES + 1                           # 13
 # `slew_limit_w()` and therefore with the rail.
 SLEW_LEAD_STEPS = 1
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SAFETY-52. A BATTERY THAT REFUSES IS ASKED FOR 0 W, NOT HELD AT ITS LAST ASK.
+#
+# At the BMS cut-out the pack delivers ~0 W whatever it is asked, so the
+# saturation freeze below holds the command where it stood (the recorded
+# 09-06 case: +5000 W for 11.87 h) until the grid error changes sign. The
+# freeze's own exit cannot help: a reading of ~0 against a large ask is inside
+# the interval a limit can produce. So a refused DIRECTION is held at 0 W,
+# carried between cycles like `sat_count`, and left again when the loop wants
+# the other direction, when a small probe is answered, or when the caller
+# resets it (stop, start, another writer). The record is DECISIONS/SAFETY-52.
+#
+# PROBE_W is below freshness.MOVE_W (250 W) on purpose: a probe that small can
+# never arm the stale-reading gate, so it cannot start the gate's ~70 s cycle.
+# test_refusal.py pins the inequality. The cadence and length are the owner's
+# 2026-09-27 answer (every 15 minutes) and freshness.BATT_OBLIGED_S twice over
+# (17 s is how long a healthy reading needs to show a command).
+REFUSED = "battery refuses"
+PROBING = "battery probe"
+PROBE_W = 200.0
+PROBE_ANSWER_W = PROBE_W / 2
+# "Gives nothing" is below the probe's own answer, not below `saturation_w`: a
+# pack derated to 100-499 W is a limit, and at 500 W it kept ~7 % of its power
+# (review of #141). The capture's refusals read -4 W.
+REFUSED_BELOW_W = PROBE_ANSWER_W
+PROBE_EVERY_S = 900.0
+PROBE_S = 34.0
+
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class Tuning:
@@ -346,6 +374,9 @@ class Decision:
     i_bound_w: float = 0.0
     requested_w: float = 0.0
     clamped_w: float = 0.0
+    # SAFETY-52. The refused direction to carry back in (+1 discharge, -1
+    # charge, 0 none), or None when the caller does not carry it.
+    refused: int | None = None
 
 
 def slew_limit_w(tuning: Tuning) -> float:
@@ -442,6 +473,8 @@ def compute(
     tuning: Tuning,
     sat_count: int = 0,
     i_w: float | None = None,
+    refused: int | None = None,
+    probe: bool = False,
 ) -> Decision:
     """One control cycle. A cycle is one meter update (~5 s on a HomeWizard P1).
 
@@ -449,6 +482,9 @@ def compute(
     `grid_w`   net grid power, + = importing
     `actual_w` what the inverter reports it is doing, + = discharging
     `i_w`      the carried integrator, or None to seed it from `prev_w`
+    `refused`  SAFETY-52's carried refused direction, or None to leave it out
+               (the `i_w=None` equivalence path does)
+    `probe`    the caller's clock says a refused direction may try PROBE_W now
     """
     reason = "tracking"
 
@@ -739,6 +775,27 @@ def compute(
             target = min(target, prev_w) if prev_w > 0 else max(target, prev_w)
             reason = "saturated-freeze"
 
+    # --- SAFETY-52: a refused direction is held at 0 W ----------------------
+    # Engages only where the freeze has held for SETTLE_CYCLES and the unit
+    # delivers ~nothing: a reading below REFUSED_BELOW_W against an ask beyond
+    # `saturation_w` is a refusal, not a slow plant. The drop to 0 skips the slew
+    # limit because it only removes an ask the battery is not meeting.
+    if refused is not None:
+        if (refused == 0 and frozen and sat_count >= SETTLE_CYCLES
+                and abs(prev_w) > tuning.saturation_w
+                and abs(actual_w) < REFUSED_BELOW_W):
+            refused = 1 if prev_w > 0 else -1
+        if refused and refused * i_w < 0:
+            refused = 0                          # the loop wants the other way
+        elif refused and refused * actual_w >= PROBE_ANSWER_W:
+            refused = 0                          # it delivers: a probe answered,
+            #                                     or a slow reading arriving
+        elif refused:
+            wants = refused * i_w > 0
+            i_w = 0.0
+            target = refused * PROBE_W if probe and wants else 0.0
+            reason = PROBING if probe and wants else REFUSED
+
     # --- quantise ----------------------------------------------------------
     # 10 W. The register is 1 W and the inverter reports at 1 W, but its
     # response lands on a coarser ladder (~17.6 W measured at ~900 W, consistent
@@ -749,7 +806,7 @@ def compute(
 
     return Decision(float(target), sat_count, frozen, reason, float(i_w),
                     i_clamped, clamped, float(i_bound_w), float(want),
-                    float(clamped_w))
+                    float(clamped_w), refused)
 
 
 def maintenance_charge_floor(

goodwe_controller/app/haentities.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""UX-13: Home Assistant's entities, for the settings page's entity picker.
+
+A read of `GET /api/states` through the add-on's own session (hass.states()),
+cached for 30 s and trimmed to what a picker shows. Nothing here writes, so
+UX-02 §6 holds. When Home Assistant does not answer, the last good list is
+served with its age, or an empty one that says why: the route never fails.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+
+CACHE_S = 30.0
+DOWN_TEXT = "Home Assistant is not answering, so the entity list is empty."
+STALE_TEXT = "Home Assistant is not answering, so this list may be old."
+_POWER_UNITS = ("mW", "W", "kW", "MW", "GW", "TW")
+_ENERGY_UNITS = ("Wh", "kWh", "MWh", "GWh")
+
+
+def row(state: dict) -> dict | None:
+    """One state object -> {entity_id, name, state, unit, device_class}."""
+    if not isinstance(state, dict) or not isinstance(state.get("entity_id"), str):
+        return None
+    attrs = state.get("attributes") if isinstance(state.get("attributes"), dict) else {}
+    return {"entity_id": state["entity_id"],
+            "name": str(attrs.get("friendly_name") or state["entity_id"]),
+            "state": state.get("state"),
+            "unit": attrs.get("unit_of_measurement"),
+            "device_class": attrs.get("device_class")}
+
+
+def matches(r: dict, kind: str) -> bool:
+    """Is `r` what a picker of this kind offers first? `kind` is one of
+    uilayout.ENTITY_KINDS; "" or "any" offers everything."""
+    unit, cls = r.get("unit"), r.get("device_class")
+    if kind in ("power", "power_w"):
+        return cls == "power" or unit in _POWER_UNITS
+    if kind == "energy":
+        return cls == "energy" or unit in _ENERGY_UNITS
+    if kind == "pct":
+        return unit == "%"
+    if kind == "number":
+        return r["entity_id"].startswith(("number.", "input_number."))
+    return True
+
+
+class EntityCache:
+    """The last entity list read from Home Assistant, at most CACHE_S old."""
+
+    def __init__(self, hass, clock=time.monotonic):
+        self.hass = hass
+        self.clock = clock
+        self.rows: dict | None = None
+        self.read_at: float | None = None
+        self.tried_at: float | None = None
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    async def get(self) -> tuple[dict | None, float | None]:
+        """(rows by entity id, age in s), or (None, None) if never read."""
+        async with self._lock:      # one HA read however many pickers ask
+            now = self.clock()
+            # A failed read also waits CACHE_S, so polls while HA is down do
+            # not queue one 10 s read each behind this lock.
+            if self.tried_at is None or now - self.tried_at >= CACHE_S:
+                self.tried_at = now
+                states = await self.hass.states()
+                if states is not None:
+                    rows = (row(s) for s in states)
+                    self.rows = {r["entity_id"]: r for r in rows if r}
+                    self.read_at = now
+            if self.read_at is None:
+                return None, None
+            return self.rows, now - self.read_at
+
+    def peek(self) -> dict | None:
+        """The cached rows if they are fresh, without asking Home Assistant."""
+        if self.read_at is None or self.clock() - self.read_at >= CACHE_S:
+            return None
+        return self.rows
+
+    async def payload(self, kind: str = "") -> dict:
+        """The route's JSON: matching entities first, then the rest."""
+        rows, age = await self.get()
+        if rows is None:
+            return {"available": False, "text": DOWN_TEXT, "entities": []}
+        ordered = sorted(rows.values(), key=lambda r: r["entity_id"])
+        first = [dict(r, match=True) for r in ordered if matches(r, kind)]
+        rest = [dict(r, match=False) for r in ordered if not matches(r, kind)]
+        out = {"available": True, "age_s": round(age, 1), "entities": first + rest}
+        if age >= CACHE_S:
+            out["text"] = STALE_TEXT
+        return out

goodwe_controller/app/hass.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ SUPERVISOR_API = "http://supervisor"
 BAD_STATES = ("unknown", "unavailable", "none", "")
 # What the Supervisor's proxy answers while Home Assistant restarts.
 UNAVAILABLE = (502, 503, 504)
+STATES_TIMEOUT_S = 10       # UX-13's entity list, like every other read here
 
 
 class Outage:
@@ -113,6 +114,32 @@ class HomeAssistant:
             return None
         return obj
 
+    async def states(self) -> list | None:
+        """Every entity's state object (`GET /api/states`), or None when Home
+        Assistant does not answer. A read only (UX-13 entity picker)."""
+        try:
+            async with self.session.get(
+                f"{CORE_API}/states", headers=self._headers,
+                timeout=STATES_TIMEOUT_S
+            ) as resp:
+                if resp.status in UNAVAILABLE:
+                    OUTAGE.down("api", f"error {resp.status}",
+                                f"read all states: {resp.status}")
+                    return None
+                OUTAGE.up("api")
+                resp.raise_for_status()
+                obj = await resp.json()
+        except aiohttp.ClientConnectionError as err:
+            OUTAGE.down("api", "no connection", f"read all states: {err}")
+            return None
+        except (aiohttp.ClientError, TimeoutError, ValueError) as err:
+            self._moan("read:*", "Reading the entity list failed: %s", err)
+            return None
+        if not isinstance(obj, list):
+            self._moan("shape:*", "The entity list is not a list: %.80r", obj)
+            return None
+        return obj
+
     async def number(self, entity_id: str, invert: bool = False) -> float | None:
         """Numeric state, or None. Never substitutes a default."""
         obj = await self.state(entity_id)

goodwe_controller/app/homeview.py

@@ -0,0 +1,985 @@
+"""UX-13 P1: the Home screen's part of `/status`, built from what the add-on
+already knows and already plans. Reads only; commands nothing.
+
+`build(controller)` returns `now`, `batteries`, `plan`, `attention`,
+`month_peak`, `control` and `state`. The old fields (`banner`, `rows`,
+`checks`, ...) stay beside them for the installer details and for anything
+that reads the JSON. See DECISIONS/UX-13-one-layout-table.md and the design
+note, section 3.3.
+
+The plan shows only what the add-on does today: trading on price (the
+arbitrage verdict, the same call the control cycle makes), the monthly battery
+cycle, the peak limit and "follows the house". Battery modes (OPT-11) are not
+built, so nothing here invents a mode plan. Every sentence is in the words
+section at the bottom and is held to STYLE.md by test_messages.py.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+from . import arbitrage, messages, peakguard
+from .maintenance import CHARGE as M_CHARGE, DRAIN as M_DRAIN, HOLD as M_HOLD
+from .maintenance import IDLE as M_IDLE
+from .price import Absence, Uncertainty, brussels
+from .static_tariff import static_plan
+from .tariff import BILLING_TZ
+from .uimodel import REGION_PRESETS, options_to_ui
+
+# A battery at or under this many watts is resting, not charging or giving.
+IDLE_W = 50.0
+# Display only: the lowest third of today's price range is "cheap", the top
+# third "expensive". A price range under this is flat, and nothing is marked.
+FLAT_EUR_KWH = 0.01
+
+# Severity words the page shows; the same four as STYLE.md section 3.
+ALARM, WARNING, INFO = messages.ALARM, messages.WARNING, messages.INFO
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Time: today's local day, on the billing calendar
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+def local_day(now: datetime):
+    """`(midnight_utc, next_midnight_utc)` of the local day holding `now`."""
+    here = now.astimezone(BILLING_TZ)
+    start = datetime(here.year, here.month, here.day, tzinfo=BILLING_TZ)
+    nxt = start.date() + timedelta(days=1)
+    end = datetime(nxt.year, nxt.month, nxt.day, tzinfo=BILLING_TZ)
+    return start.astimezone(timezone.utc), end.astimezone(timezone.utc)
+
+
+def _hours(t: datetime, day0: datetime) -> float:
+    return (t - day0).total_seconds() / 3600.0
+
+
+def hhmm(t: datetime) -> str:
+    return f"{brussels(t):%H:%M}"
+
+
+def _kw(w) -> str:
+    return f"{abs(float(w)) / 1000:.1f} kW"
+
+
+def _eur(v) -> str:
+    return f"€{float(v):.2f}"
+
+
+def _kwh(v) -> str:
+    return f"{float(v):.1f} kWh"
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Now
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+def flow(w, *, shadow=False):
+    """`charging` / `giving` / `resting` / None for one battery power."""
+    if w is None:
+        return None
+    if shadow:
+        return "resting"
+    if w > IDLE_W:
+        return "giving"
+    if w < -IDLE_W:
+        return "charging"
+    return "resting"
+
+
+def now_block(*, grid_w, pv_w, batt_w, has_solar, shadow):
+    """The four tiles. `house_w` needs all three readings, so without a solar
+    reading it is None rather than a number that leaves the sun out."""
+    house, disagree = None, False
+    if has_solar and None not in (grid_w, pv_w, batt_w):
+        house = float(grid_w) + float(pv_w) + float(batt_w)
+        # The three are read at slightly different moments, so the sum can dip
+        # under zero. Inside the idle band that is 0 W; beyond it the readings
+        # disagree and no house figure is shown.
+        if house < -IDLE_W:
+            house, disagree = None, True
+        elif house < 0.0:
+            house = 0.0
+    return {
+        "solar_w": None if pv_w is None else float(pv_w),
+        "house_w": house,
+        "grid_w": None if grid_w is None else float(grid_w),
+        "batt_w": None if batt_w is None else float(batt_w),
+        "has_solar": bool(has_solar),
+        "lines": {
+            "solar": tile_solar(pv_w, has_solar),
+            "house": tile_house(house, has_solar, disagree),
+            "grid": tile_grid(grid_w),
+            "batt": tile_batt(batt_w, shadow),
+        },
+    }
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Prices for today's chart
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+def _points(plan):
+    if plan is None:
+        return ()
+    return plan.read.match(series=lambda r: tuple(r.points),
+                           no_data=lambda _r: ())
+
+
+def _spans(points):
+    """`[(point, end)]`: each point runs until the next one starts, and the
+    last one for the series' own spacing (15 minutes or an hour)."""
+    pts = sorted(points, key=lambda p: p.start)
+    gaps = [b.start - a.start for a, b in zip(pts, pts[1:])]
+    step = min([g for g in gaps if g > timedelta(0)] or [timedelta(hours=1)])
+    step = min(step, timedelta(hours=1))
+    out = []
+    for i, p in enumerate(pts):
+        nxt = pts[i + 1].start if i + 1 < len(pts) else None
+        end = nxt if nxt is not None and nxt - p.start <= timedelta(hours=1) \
+            else p.start + step
+        out.append((p, end))
+    return out
+
+
+def _day_prices(c):
+    cache = getattr(c, "home_prices", None)
+    if cache is None:
+        cache = c.home_prices = DayPrices()
+    return cache
+
+
+class DayPrices:
+    """Today's prices as seen so far. The refresh keeps only the hours ahead,
+    so the hours already past are remembered here for the chart. Display only:
+    nothing reads this back into a decision."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.day = None
+        self.points = {}
+
+    def see(self, points, day0, day1):
+        if self.day != day0:
+            self.day, self.points = day0, {}
+        for p in points:
+            if day0 <= p.start < day1:
+                self.points[p.start] = p
+        return sorted(self.points.values(), key=lambda p: p.start)
+
+
+def hour_bars(points, day0, day1):
+    """One bar per local hour: the mean of its prices, or None when unknown.
+    `kind` is cheap / dear / mid by thirds of today's range (display only).
+    The page calls these "low price" and "high price", not cheap hours: the
+    add-on trades in the one cheapest and one dearest hour, not in a third."""
+    n = int(round(_hours(day1, day0)))
+    bars = []
+    for k in range(n):
+        a, b = day0 + timedelta(hours=k), day0 + timedelta(hours=k + 1)
+        inside = [p for p in points if a <= p.start < b]
+        price = (sum(p.eur_per_kwh for p in inside) / len(inside)
+                 if inside else None)
+        bars.append({"h": k, "start": a.isoformat(), "label": hhmm(a),
+                     "end_label": hhmm(b),
+                     "eur_kwh": None if price is None else round(price, 4),
+                     "estimate": bool(inside) and any(p.provisional
+                                                      for p in inside),
+                     "kind": None})
+    known = [b["eur_kwh"] for b in bars if b["eur_kwh"] is not None]
+    if known and max(known) - min(known) >= FLAT_EUR_KWH:
+        lo, hi = min(known), max(known)
+        third = (hi - lo) / 3.0
+        for b in bars:
+            p = b["eur_kwh"]
+            if p is None:
+                continue
+            b["kind"] = ("cheap" if p <= lo + third else
+                         "dear" if p >= hi - third else "mid")
+    elif known:
+        for b in bars:
+            if b["eur_kwh"] is not None:
+                b["kind"] = "mid"
+    return bars
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# The plan, per battery
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+def _run(i, kind, start, end, day0, day1, what, why, amount, *, kwh=None,
+         eur=None, price=None):
+    a = max(0.0, _hours(start, day0))
+    z = min(_hours(day1, day0), _hours(end, day0))
+    return {"battery": i, "kind": kind, "start": start.isoformat(),
+            "end": end.isoformat(), "from": hhmm(start),
+            "to": "24:00" if end == day1 else hhmm(end),
+            "start_h": round(a, 3), "end_h": round(z, 3),
+            "what": what, "why": why, "amount": amount,
+            "kwh": None if kwh is None else round(kwh, 2),
+            "eur": None if eur is None else round(eur, 2),
+            "eur_kwh": None if price is None else round(price, 4)}
+
+
+def trade_verdict(c, plan):
+    """The arbitrage verdict the control cycle would reach on this plan, or a
+    reason there is none. The SAME call and inputs as `Controller.cycle()`:
+    `plan.arbitrage()` with the peak guard's state, the cycle cost and the
+    no-weather uncertainty. Returns `(verdict_or_None, why_key)`."""
+    if not arbitrage.enabled(c.o):
+        return None, "off"
+    guard = arbitrage.guard_state(c.peak_guard)
+    if guard is None:
+        return None, "not_covered"
+    if plan is None:
+        return None, "no_prices"
+    verdict = plan.arbitrage(peak_guard_active=guard,
+                             min_spread_eur_kwh=arbitrage.threshold_eur_kwh(c.o),
+                             uncertainty=frozenset({Uncertainty.NO_WEATHER}))
+    return verdict.match(
+        allowed=lambda v: (v, "allowed"),
+        refused=lambda _v: (None, refusal_key(plan, guard)))
+
+
+def refusal_key(plan, guard):
+    """Which of `TariffPlan.arbitrage()`'s refusals fired, in its own order:
+    the peak guard, no prices, under two published points, then the gap."""
+    if guard:
+        return "peak"
+    if not plan.has_prices:
+        return "no_prices"
+    if sum(1 for p in _points(plan) if not p.provisional) < 2:
+        return "not_firm"
+    return "not_worth"
+
+
+def _point_end(plan, point):
+    for p, end in _spans(_points(plan)):
+        if p.start == point.start:
+            return end
+    return point.start + timedelta(hours=1)
+
+
+# Under this many kWh a block is not drawn: the cycle would not move it.
+MIN_KWH = 0.05
+
+
+def trade_runs(c, plan, verdict, day0, day1, now, shadow):
+    """A charge block and a give block on each battery, where the verdict put
+    them. The site trades as one; each battery's share is capped by its own
+    rating and by the room its level leaves (arbitrage's own floor/ceiling).
+    Only what `arbitrage.decide()` would still do is drawn: no block on a
+    battery with no room, no sale at a negative price, and no sale while the
+    emptiest battery is at the floor (the cycle's `soc` is the emptiest).
+    With a level unknown the cycle does not trade, so nothing is drawn."""
+    floor, ceiling = arbitrage.soc_bounds(c.o)
+    if any(inv.soc is None for inv in c.inverters):
+        return [], [], "no_level"
+    level = [float(inv.soc) for inv in c.inverters]
+    legs = sorted((("grid", verdict.cheapest), ("give", verdict.dearest)),
+                  key=lambda kp: kp[1].start)
+    runs, later = [], []
+    for kind, pt in legs:
+        end = _point_end(plan, pt)
+        if end <= now:
+            continue
+        if not (day0 <= pt.start < day1):
+            later.append((kind, pt))
+            continue
+        if kind == "give" and (pt.eur_per_kwh < 0 or min(level) <= floor):
+            continue
+        hrs = (end - pt.start).total_seconds() / 3600.0
+        for i, inv in enumerate(c.inverters):
+            kwh = inv.max_w / 1000.0 * hrs
+            cap = inv.capacity_kwh
+            if cap:
+                room = (ceiling - level[i] if kind == "grid"
+                        else level[i] - floor)
+                kwh = min(kwh, max(0.0, room) / 100.0 * cap)
+                # A later give may use what this charge put in: an upper
+                # bound, like every amount here ("up to").
+                level[i] += (kwh if kind == "grid" else -kwh) / cap * 100.0
+            if kwh < MIN_KWH:
+                continue
+            eur = kwh * pt.eur_per_kwh
+            if kind == "grid":
+                what, why, amount = (run_grid_what(kwh, shadow),
+                                     run_grid_why(pt.eur_per_kwh),
+                                     run_grid_amount(eur))
+            else:
+                what, why, amount = (run_give_what(kwh, shadow),
+                                     run_give_why(pt.eur_per_kwh),
+                                     run_give_amount(eur))
+            runs.append(_run(i, kind, pt.start, end, day0, day1, what, why,
+                             amount, kwh=kwh, eur=eur, price=pt.eur_per_kwh))
+    return runs, later, None
+
+
+def maintenance_runs(c, day0, day1, now, shadow):
+    """The monthly battery cycle: under way now, or starting later today.
+    The cycle starts in the hour `maintenance_start_hour` names, read as the
+    control cycle reads it (UTC hour of `now`), shown in local time."""
+    runs, lines = [], []
+    waiting = []
+    for i, (inv, m) in enumerate(zip(c.inverters, c.maints)):
+        cfg = m.cfg
+        if not cfg.enabled:
+            continue
+        cap = inv.capacity_kwh
+        if m.phase != M_IDLE:
+            hours = _cycle_hours(m.phase, inv.soc, cap, cfg)
+            end = now + timedelta(hours=hours or 1.0)
+            runs.append(_run(i, "cycle", now, end, day0, day1,
+                             run_cycle_what(m.phase, shadow),
+                             run_cycle_why(shadow),
+                             run_cycle_amount(hours)))
+            continue
+        if not m.due(now) and (m.next_due(now) is None
+                               or m.next_due(now) >= day1):
+            continue
+        start = now.replace(hour=cfg.start_hour, minute=0, second=0,
+                            microsecond=0)
+        if start + timedelta(hours=1) <= now:
+            start += timedelta(days=1)
+        due_at = m.next_due(now)
+        if due_at is not None and due_at > start:
+            continue
+        if not (day0 <= start < day1):
+            continue
+        waiting.append((m.waited_days(now), i, start))
+    # One battery cycles at a time (maintenance.arbitrate); the one waiting
+    # longest goes first, and none starts while another is under way.
+    busy = any(m.phase != M_IDLE for m in c.maints)
+    waiting.sort(key=lambda t: (-t[0], t[1]))
+    for n, (_w, i, start) in enumerate(waiting):
+        inv, m = c.inverters[i], c.maints[i]
+        hours = _cycle_hours(M_DRAIN, inv.soc, inv.capacity_kwh, m.cfg)
+        if n == 0 and not busy:
+            end = start + timedelta(hours=hours or 1.0)
+            runs.append(_run(i, "cycle", start, end, day0, day1,
+                             run_cycle_what(M_IDLE, shadow),
+                             run_cycle_why(shadow),
+                             run_cycle_amount(hours)))
+        else:
+            lines.append(line_cycle_waits(inv.name))
+    return runs, lines
+
+
+def _cycle_hours(phase, soc, cap_kwh, cfg):
+    """Hours left in a cycle, or None when the capacity or level is unknown."""
+    if phase == M_HOLD:
+        return cfg.hold_min / 60.0
+    if not cap_kwh or soc is None:
+        return None
+    hours = cfg.hold_min / 60.0
+    fill_from = soc if phase == M_CHARGE else cfg.soc_floor
+    hours += (max(0.0, cfg.soc_target - fill_from) / 100.0 * cap_kwh
+              / max(cfg.charge_w / 1000.0, 0.1))
+    if phase not in (M_CHARGE,):
+        hours += (max(0.0, soc - cfg.soc_floor) / 100.0 * cap_kwh
+                  / max(cfg.discharge_w / 1000.0, 0.1))
+    return hours
+
+
+def peak_run(c, day0, day1, now, shadow, limit_w):
+    """While the batteries hold the grid under the peak limit, one block for
+    the current 15-minute period on every battery."""
+    pg = c.peak_guard
+    if pg is None or not pg.engaged:
+        return []
+    start = now - timedelta(minutes=now.minute % 15, seconds=now.second,
+                            microseconds=now.microsecond)
+    end = start + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    return [_run(i, "peak", start, end, day0, day1,
+                 run_peak_what(pg.ceiling_w or limit_w, shadow),
+                 run_peak_why(), None)
+            for i in range(len(c.inverters))]
+
+
+def house_runs(n, day0, day1, now, shadow):
+    """"Follows the house" for the rest of the day, drawn under the others."""
+    return [_run(i, "house", max(now, day0), day1, day0, day1,
+                 run_house_what(shadow), run_house_why(shadow),
+                 run_house_amount())
+            for i in range(n)]
+
+
+def region_of(opts):
+    """The levies preset and its year, as the page model has it (UX-13 P0)."""
+    try:
+        ui = options_to_ui(opts)
+    except Exception:                                   # noqa: BLE001
+        return {"id": None, "year": None}
+    rid = ui.get("ui.region")
+    return {"id": rid, "year": ui.get("region_year")
+            if rid in REGION_PRESETS else None}
+
+
+def build_plan(c, now, shadow, running, held=False):
+    day0, day1 = local_day(now)
+    fresh = c.fresh_tariff_plan(now)
+    plan = fresh
+    if plan is None or plan.origin == "static":
+        # A static profile is pure arithmetic: price the whole day from it.
+        try:
+            static = static_plan(c.o, day0, day1, now=now)
+            if static.has_prices:
+                plan = static
+        except Exception:                               # noqa: BLE001
+            pass
+    seen = _day_prices(c).see(_points(plan), day0, day1)
+    bars = hour_bars(seen, day0, day1)
+
+    limit_w = c.peak.cap_w  # the limit the controller parsed at start
+    runs, lines = [], []
+    # The control cycle trades on the fresh plan only, so this does too.
+    verdict, trade_why = trade_verdict(c, fresh)
+    if running:
+        runs += house_runs(len(c.inverters), day0, day1, now, shadow)
+        if verdict is not None:
+            trade, later, no_trade = trade_runs(c, fresh, verdict, day0, day1,
+                                                now, shadow)
+            runs += trade
+            if no_trade:
+                lines.append(line_no_trade(no_trade))
+            for kind, pt in later:
+                lines.append(line_trade_tomorrow(kind, hhmm(pt.start),
+                                                 pt.eur_per_kwh, shadow))
+        else:
+            lines.append(line_no_trade(trade_why))
+        cyc, waits = maintenance_runs(c, day0, day1, now, shadow)
+        runs += cyc
+        lines += waits
+        runs += peak_run(c, day0, day1, now, shadow, limit_w)
+        if c.p1_enabled:
+            # The guard's ceiling: the cap, or this month's peak once above it.
+            pg = c.peak_guard
+            lines.append(line_peak_limit(
+                (pg.ceiling_w if pg is not None else None) or limit_w, shadow))
+    lines = [x for x in lines if x]
+
+    kinds = {r["kind"] for r in runs}
+    if held:
+        verdict_key = "held"
+    elif not running:
+        verdict_key = "stopped"
+    elif "cycle" in kinds:
+        verdict_key = "cycle"
+    elif "grid" in kinds or "give" in kinds:
+        verdict_key = "trade"
+    else:
+        verdict_key = "house"
+
+    known = [b for b in bars if b["eur_kwh"] is not None]
+    price_now = None
+    try:
+        if plan is not None:
+            price_now = plan.price_at(now)
+    except Absence:
+        price_now = None
+    feed = fresh is not None and fresh.from_feed
+    tomorrow = any(not p.provisional and p.start >= day1
+                   for p in _points(fresh))
+    region = region_of(c.o)
+    return {
+        "day": brussels(now).date().isoformat(),
+        "now_h": round(_hours(now, day0), 3),
+        "hours": int(round(_hours(day1, day0))),
+        "verdict": VERDICT[verdict_key],
+        "verdict_key": verdict_key,
+        "head": plan_head(verdict_key, shadow),
+        "prices": bars,
+        "runs": runs,
+        "lines": lines,
+        "why": c.why_words,
+        "price_line": line_prices(
+            price_now,
+            min(known, key=lambda b: b["eur_kwh"]) if known else None,
+            max(known, key=lambda b: b["eur_kwh"]) if known else None),
+        "tomorrow_line": line_tomorrow(tomorrow) if feed else "",
+        "region": region,
+        "region_line": (line_region(region["id"], region["year"])
+                         if feed else ""),
+        "has_prices": bool(known),
+    }
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Batteries, attention, month peak, control
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+def battery_rows(c, shadow, running, held=False):
+    shares = {}
+    alloc = getattr(c, "allocation", None)
+    if shadow and alloc is not None and getattr(alloc, "shares", None):
+        shares = dict(alloc.shares)
+    rows = []
+    for i, inv in enumerate(c.inverters):
+        m = c.maints[i] if i < len(c.maints) else None
+        phase = m.phase if m is not None else M_IDLE
+        cap = inv.capacity_kwh
+        rows.append({
+            "name": inv.name,
+            "level_pct": None if inv.soc is None else float(inv.soc),
+            "power_w": None if inv.batt is None else float(inv.batt),
+            "capacity_kwh": cap,
+            "stored_kwh": (None if cap is None or inv.soc is None
+                           else round(cap * float(inv.soc) / 100.0, 2)),
+            "state": flow(inv.batt, shadow=shadow),
+            "mode": MODE_HOUSE,
+            "maintenance": phase,
+            "now": battery_now(inv.soc, inv.batt, phase=phase, shadow=shadow,
+                               running=running, held=held,
+                               would_w=shares.get(inv.name)),
+            # Per-battery reasons arrive with battery modes (OPT-11).
+            "why": None,
+        })
+    return rows
+
+
+# Row id -> the title on Home. The row's own sentence is the body.
+ATTN_TITLES = {
+    "controller": "Control is not running",
+    "meter": "Meter reading",
+    "meter_frozen": messages.T_METER_FROZEN,
+    "freeze_check": "Stuck meter check",
+    "month_peak": "This month's peak",
+    "peak_guard": "Peak limit",
+    "peak_forecast": "Peak limit forecast",
+    "sensor": "Battery readings",
+    "control": "Inverter control",
+    "power_too_high": messages.T_OUTPUT_CLAMP,
+    "not_keeping_up": messages.T_LOOP_BOUND,
+    "write": "Power request not accepted",
+    "direction": "Power went the wrong way",
+    "site_direction": "Power went the wrong way",
+    "circulating": messages.T_CIRCULATING,
+    "delivery": messages.S_NOT_DELIVERING,
+    "estop": "Emergency stop",
+    "pv": "Solar reading",
+    None: "Inverter connection",
+}
+# Row id -> the DOCS.md heading under Notifications, where one exists.
+ATTN_DOCS = {
+    "meter_frozen": messages.T_METER_FROZEN,
+    "power_too_high": messages.T_OUTPUT_CLAMP,
+    "not_keeping_up": messages.T_LOOP_BOUND,
+    "circulating": messages.T_CIRCULATING,
+    "delivery": messages.S_NOT_DELIVERING,
+}
+
+
+def attention(checks):
+    """Every row that is not plain green: red rows as alarms, amber rows as
+    warnings, and green-but-amber rows (a state still settling) as info.
+    Most urgent first; within a level, the page's own row order."""
+    rank = {ALARM: 0, WARNING: 1, INFO: 2}
+    out = []
+    for row in checks:
+        ok, warn = bool(row.get("ok")), bool(row.get("warn"))
+        if ok and not warn:
+            continue
+        sev = INFO if ok else (WARNING if warn else ALARM)
+        rid = row.get("id")
+        out.append({"severity": sev, "id": rid,
+                    "title": ATTN_TITLES.get(rid, ATTN_TITLES[None]),
+                    "body": row.get("text", ""),
+                    "docs": ATTN_DOCS.get(rid)})
+    out.sort(key=lambda a: rank[a["severity"]])
+    return out
+
+
+def month_peak(c, now):
+    """This month's peak against the limit, and the 15-minute period so far."""
+    limit_w = c.peak.cap_w  # the limit the controller parsed at start
+    local = brussels(now)
+    out = {"month": f"{local:%B}", "limit_w": limit_w, "peak_w": None,
+           "pct": None, "period_w": None, "state": "not_covered",
+           "line": ""}
+    if not c.p1_enabled:
+        out["line"] = line_peak_not_covered()
+        return out
+    reading = c.peak.peak(now)
+    if reading.is_unreadable:
+        out["state"] = "unreadable"
+    elif reading.is_observed:
+        out["state"] = "observed"
+        out["peak_w"] = float(reading.peak_w)
+        out["pct"] = round(100.0 * float(reading.peak_w) / limit_w, 1) \
+            if limit_w > 0 else None
+    else:
+        out["state"] = "none"
+    pg = c.peak_guard
+    ceiling = limit_w
+    if pg is not None:
+        out["period_w"] = pg.projected_w
+        ceiling = pg.ceiling_w or limit_w
+    out["line"] = line_period(out["period_w"], ceiling, c.shadow)
+    return out
+
+
+def state_of(c, level, shadow):
+    """One word for the pill and the banner's colour: running, shadow,
+    stopped, alarm or warning."""
+    if shadow:
+        return "shadow"
+    if level == "bad":
+        return "alarm"
+    if not c.auto:
+        return "stopped"
+    if level == "warn":
+        return "warning"
+    return "running"
+
+
+def build(c, *, level: str, checks: list, now: datetime | None = None) -> dict:
+    """The structured half of `/status`. Pure reads of the controller."""
+    now = now or datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    shadow = bool(c.shadow)
+    kind = state_of(c, level, shadow)
+    # A red banner means every inverter is at 0 W (the status cascade), so
+    # nothing is planned until it clears. Shadow mode still plans: it is
+    # what the add-on would do.
+    held = level == "bad" and not shadow
+    running = (bool(c.auto) or shadow) and not held
+    ctl = next((r for r in checks if r.get("id") == "controller"), None)
+    return {
+        "state": {"kind": kind, "pill": pill(kind),
+                  "ran": ctl.get("text", "") if ctl else "",
+                  "sub": banner_sub(kind)},
+        "now": now_block(grid_w=c.grid, pv_w=c.pv_w, batt_w=c.site_batt_w,
+                         has_solar=bool(c.pv_roster), shadow=shadow),
+        "batteries": battery_rows(c, shadow, running, held),
+        "plan": build_plan(c, now, shadow, running, held=held),
+        "attention": ([{"severity": INFO, "id": "shadow",
+                         "title": ATTN_SHADOW, "body": attn_shadow_body(),
+                         "docs": None}] if shadow else []) + attention(checks),
+        "month_peak": month_peak(c, now),
+        "control": {"running": bool(c.auto), "shadow": shadow,
+                    "text": control_text(bool(c.auto), shadow),
+                    "maintenance": c.maint.phase,
+                    "docs_url": _docs_url()},
+    }
+
+
+def _docs_url():
+    slug = messages.addon_slug()
+    return None if slug is None else messages.docs_url(slug,
+                                                       messages._site["ha"])
+
+
+# =========================================================================== #
+# The words. STYLE.md: plain, short, present tense. A plan line is at most
+# two sentences of at most 12 words each (UX-13 design, section 4); a title at
+# most 5 words; everything else one sentence of at most 25 words. In shadow
+# mode a text says what the add-on WOULD do. test_messages.py renders every
+# function below through `text_samples()` and checks it.
+# =========================================================================== #
+MODE_HOUSE = "Follows the house"
+ATTN_SHADOW = "Shadow mode is on"
+
+
+def attn_shadow_body() -> str:
+    return "The add-on decides everything, but every inverter stays at 0 W."
+
+VERDICT = {
+    "held": "Held at 0 W",
+    "stopped": "Stopped",
+    "cycle": "Monthly cycle today",
+    "trade": "Trading on price",
+    "house": "Follows the house",
+}
+
+
+def _w(shadow, live, would):
+    return would if shadow else live
+
+
+def pill(kind) -> str:
+    return {"running": "Running", "shadow": "Shadow mode",
+            "stopped": "Stopped", "alarm": "Needs you now",
+            "warning": "Running, with a warning"}[kind]
+
+
+def banner_sub(kind) -> str:
+    return {
+        "running": "The batteries follow the plan below.",
+        "shadow": "The plans below say what the add-on would do.",
+        "stopped": "Start control below when you are ready.",
+        "alarm": "See Needs attention below for what to do.",
+        "warning": "See Needs attention below.",
+    }[kind]
+
+
+def tile_solar(pv_w, has_solar) -> str:
+    if not has_solar:
+        return "Not set up"
+    if pv_w is None:
+        return "No reading"
+    return "Producing" if pv_w > IDLE_W else "Not producing"
+
+
+def tile_house(house_w, has_solar, disagree=False) -> str:
+    if not has_solar:
+        return "Needs a solar reading"
+    if disagree:
+        return "Readings do not add up"
+    return "No reading" if house_w is None else "Using"
+
+
+def tile_grid(grid_w) -> str:
+    if grid_w is None:
+        return "No reading"
+    if grid_w > IDLE_W:
+        return "Taking from the grid"
+    if grid_w < -IDLE_W:
+        return "Feeding in"
+    return "Balanced"
+
+
+def tile_batt(batt_w, shadow) -> str:
+    if shadow:
+        return "Held at 0 W"
+    return {"giving": "Giving power", "charging": "Charging",
+            "resting": "Resting", None: "No reading"}[flow(batt_w)]
+
+
+def battery_now(soc, batt_w, *, phase, shadow, running, held=False,
+                would_w=None) -> str:
+    if soc is None or batt_w is None:
+        return "No reading from this battery."
+    if shadow:
+        if would_w is None or abs(would_w) <= IDLE_W:
+            return "Held at 0 W. Would rest now."
+        verb = "give" if would_w > 0 else "charge"
+        return f"Held at 0 W. Would {verb} {_kw(would_w)} now."
+    if held:
+        return "Held at 0 W until the alarm clears."
+    if not running:
+        return "Held at 0 W while control is stopped."
+    if phase != M_IDLE:
+        return {M_DRAIN: "Monthly cycle: emptying.",
+                M_CHARGE: "Monthly cycle: refilling.",
+                M_HOLD: "Monthly cycle: holding full."}.get(
+                    phase, "Monthly cycle under way.")
+    st = flow(batt_w)
+    if st == "giving":
+        return f"Giving {_kw(batt_w)} now."
+    if st == "charging":
+        return f"Charging {_kw(batt_w)} now."
+    return "Resting now."
+
+
+def plan_head(key, shadow) -> str:
+    if key == "held":
+        return "Every inverter is at 0 W until the alarm clears."
+    if key == "stopped":
+        return "Control is stopped, so nothing is planned."
+    if not shadow:
+        return {
+            "cycle": "A battery runs its monthly cycle today.",
+            "trade": "Charges in the cheapest hour, gives power in the dearest.",
+            "house": "Charges from spare solar and covers the house.",
+        }[key]
+    return "Shadow mode: this is what the add-on would do. " + {
+        "cycle": "A battery would run its monthly cycle today.",
+        "trade": "Would charge when cheapest and give power when dearest.",
+        "house": "Would charge from spare solar and cover the house.",
+    }[key]
+
+
+def run_grid_what(kwh, shadow) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Charges", "Would charge") + \
+        f" up to {_kwh(kwh)} from the grid."
+
+
+def run_grid_why(price) -> str:
+    return f"Cheapest price in the list, {_eur(price)} per kWh."
+
+
+def run_grid_amount(eur) -> str:
+    return f"Costs up to {_eur(eur)}."
+
+
+def run_give_what(kwh, shadow) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Gives", "Would give") + \
+        f" up to {_kwh(kwh)}, to the house first."
+
+
+def run_give_why(price) -> str:
+    return f"Dearest price in the list, {_eur(price)} per kWh."
+
+
+def run_give_amount(eur) -> str:
+    return f"Worth up to {_eur(eur)} at that price."
+
+
+def run_cycle_what(phase, shadow) -> str:
+    if phase == M_IDLE:
+        return _w(shadow, "Starts", "Would start") + \
+            " the monthly battery cycle."
+    return _w(shadow, "Runs", "Would run") + " the monthly battery cycle now."
+
+
+def run_cycle_why(shadow=False) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Empties, refills and holds full",
+              "Would empty, refill and hold full") + \
+        ", so the level reads right."
+
+
+def run_cycle_amount(hours) -> str:
+    if hours is None:
+        return "How long depends on the battery."
+    return f"Takes about {max(1, round(hours))} hours."
+
+
+def run_peak_what(limit_w, shadow) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Gives", "Would give") + \
+        f" power to stay under {_kw(limit_w)}."
+
+
+def run_peak_why() -> str:
+    return "The peak limit comes before everything else."
+
+
+def run_house_what(shadow) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Follows", "Would follow") + " the house."
+
+
+def run_house_why(shadow=False) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "Charges from spare solar, gives power",
+              "Would charge from spare solar, give power") + \
+        " when the house needs it."
+
+
+def run_house_amount() -> str:
+    return "Amounts depend on the sun and the house."
+
+
+def line_no_trade(key) -> str:
+    return {
+        "off": "",
+        "not_covered": "No trading on price: nothing measures the 15-minute "
+                       "peak.",
+        "no_prices": "No trading on price yet: no prices have arrived.",
+        "peak": "No trading on price now: the peak limit comes first.",
+        "not_firm": "No trading on price yet: the prices are not published.",
+        "not_worth": "No trading on price today. The price gap is too small.",
+        "no_level": "No trading on price now: a battery level is unknown.",
+    }[key]
+
+
+def line_trade_tomorrow(kind, at, price, shadow) -> str:
+    verb = {"grid": _w(shadow, "Charges", "Would charge"),
+            "give": _w(shadow, "Gives power", "Would give power")}[kind]
+    return f"Tomorrow: {verb.lower()} at {at}, {_eur(price)} per kWh."
+
+
+def line_cycle_waits(name) -> str:
+    return f"{name} waits its turn for the monthly cycle."
+
+
+def line_peak_limit(limit_w, shadow) -> str:
+    return _w(shadow, "The batteries step in", "The batteries would step in") \
+        + f" above {_kw(limit_w)}."
+
+
+def line_prices(now_eur, lo, hi) -> str:
+    parts = []
+    if now_eur is not None:
+        parts.append(f"Price now {_eur(now_eur)} per kWh, all in.")
+    if lo is not None and hi is not None:
+        parts.append(f"Today: cheapest {_eur(lo['eur_kwh'])} at "
+                     f"{lo['label']}, dearest {_eur(hi['eur_kwh'])} at "
+                     f"{hi['label']}.")
+    return " ".join(parts) or "No prices for today."
+
+
+def line_tomorrow(known) -> str:
+    return ("Tomorrow's prices are in." if known else
+            "Tomorrow's prices usually arrive after 13:00.")
+
+
+def line_region(rid, year) -> str:
+    if rid in REGION_PRESETS and year:
+        return f"Levies and VAT: {REGION_WORDS.get(rid, rid)}, {year} figures."
+    return "Levies and VAT: your own figure."
+
+
+REGION_WORDS = {"flanders": "Flanders, Fluvius Antwerpen"}
+
+
+def line_peak_not_covered() -> str:
+    return "No peak limit: this meter does not measure 15-minute periods."
+
+
+def line_period(period_w, limit_w, shadow) -> str:
+    step = _w(shadow, "The batteries step in", "The batteries would step in")
+    if period_w is None:
+        return f"{step} above {_kw(limit_w)}."
+    return (f"This 15-minute period is heading for {_kw(period_w)}. "
+            f"{step} above {_kw(limit_w)}.")
+
+
+def control_text(running, shadow) -> str:
+    if shadow:
+        return "Shadow mode: every inverter stays at 0 W."
+    if running:
+        return "Control is running."
+    return "Control is stopped. Every inverter is at 0 W."
+
+
+def text_samples() -> list:
+    """`(kind, text)` for every sentence above, rendered with real values, so
+    test_messages.py can hold each to its STYLE limit. Kinds: title, plan
+    (2 sentences of 12 words), line (1 sentence of 25 words)."""
+    out = [("title", t) for t in VERDICT.values()]
+    out += [("title", t) for t in ATTN_TITLES.values()]
+    out += [("title", MODE_HOUSE), ("title", ATTN_SHADOW),
+            ("line", attn_shadow_body())]
+    for k in ("running", "shadow", "stopped", "alarm", "warning"):
+        out += [("title", pill(k)), ("line", banner_sub(k))]
+    for sh in (False, True):
+        out += [("title", tile_solar(v, s)) for v, s in
+                ((None, False), (None, True), (3900, True), (0, True))]
+        out += [("title", tile_house(v, s)) for v, s in
+                ((None, False), (None, True), (1100, True))]
+        out.append(("title", tile_house(None, True, True)))
+        out += [("title", tile_grid(v)) for v in (None, 1200, -800, 5)]
+        out += [("title", tile_batt(v, sh)) for v in (None, 2500, -2500, 0)]
+        for phase in (M_IDLE, M_DRAIN, M_CHARGE, M_HOLD):
+            for w in (2500, -2500, 0):
+                out.append(("plan", battery_now(62, w, phase=phase,
+                                                shadow=sh, running=True,
+                                                would_w=-2400)))
+        out.append(("plan", battery_now(62, 0, phase=M_IDLE, shadow=sh,
+                                        running=False)))
+        out.append(("plan", battery_now(62, 0, phase=M_IDLE, shadow=False,
+                                        running=False, held=True)))
+        out.append(("plan", battery_now(None, None, phase=M_IDLE, shadow=sh,
+                                        running=True)))
+        for k in VERDICT:
+            out.append(("plan", plan_head(k, sh)))
+        out += [("plan", run_grid_what(12.34, sh)),
+                ("plan", run_give_what(9.6, sh)),
+                ("plan", run_cycle_what(M_IDLE, sh)),
+                ("plan", run_cycle_what(M_DRAIN, sh)),
+                ("plan", run_peak_what(3500, sh)),
+                ("plan", run_house_what(sh)),
+                ("plan", line_trade_tomorrow("grid", "02:00", 0.1234, sh)),
+                ("plan", line_trade_tomorrow("give", "19:00", 0.3612, sh)),
+                ("plan", line_peak_limit(3500, sh)),
+                ("plan", line_period(1240, 3500, sh)),
+                ("plan", line_period(None, 3500, sh)),
+                ("plan", control_text(True, sh)),
+                ("plan", control_text(False, sh))]
+    out += [("plan", run_grid_why(0.1412)), ("plan", run_grid_amount(1.23)),
+            ("plan", run_give_why(0.3612)), ("plan", run_give_amount(3.47)),
+            ("plan", run_cycle_why()), ("plan", run_cycle_why(True)),
+            ("plan", run_cycle_amount(None)),
+            ("plan", run_cycle_amount(5.4)), ("plan", run_peak_why()),
+            ("plan", run_house_why()), ("plan", run_house_why(True)),
+            ("plan", run_house_amount()),
+            ("plan", line_cycle_waits("Battery B")),
+            ("plan", line_prices(0.16, {"eur_kwh": 0.14, "label": "13:00"},
+                                 {"eur_kwh": 0.36, "label": "19:00"})),
+            ("plan", line_prices(None, None, None)),
+            ("plan", line_tomorrow(True)), ("plan", line_tomorrow(False)),
+            ("plan", line_region("flanders", 2026)),
+            ("plan", line_region("own", None)),
+            ("plan", line_peak_not_covered())]
+    out += [("plan", line_no_trade(k)) for k in
+            ("not_covered", "no_prices", "peak", "not_firm", "not_worth",
+             "no_level")]
+    return out

goodwe_controller/app/main.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ from .arbiter import (
     P_LOOP, P_MAINT_SHAPE, P_MAINTENANCE, P_PEAK, P_SAFETY,
     Claim, Resolution, actuator_for, resolve,
 )
+from . import control as _ctl
 from .control import Tuning, compute, maintenance_charge_floor, peak_at_risk
 from .delivery import (
     DELIVERY_OPTION_DEFAULTS, DeliveryConfig, UnitDelivery,
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ from .clamp import (
     clamp_to_rating, is_commandable, loop_clamp_note, write_clamp_note,
 )
 from . import freshness
+from . import homeview
 from . import messages
 from .freeze import (
     FreezeWatchdog, FreezeWatchdogConfig, looks_frozen, rail_unreachable, rail_w,
@@ -119,6 +121,9 @@ WRITE_BUDGET_S = 4.0
 # restart this add-on (measured on TEST-23), so a latched alarm is re-asserted
 # this often. Why: goodwe docs/DECISIONS.md, SAFETY-34.
 REANNOUNCE_S = 300.0
+# UX-11 review: a quiet meter logs at most one WARNING this often, because on
+# `ha_signed` a healthy meter under a flat load can go 42-97 s between changes.
+METER_QUIET_REPEAT_S = 600.0
 _mono = time.monotonic          # patched by the checks; asyncio keeps the real one
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@@ -238,6 +243,10 @@ def why_key(winner: str, claims) -> str:
     disagreement"). A failsafe with no claim of its own is the arbiter's "no
     claim was made", or main.py's refusal to split the power ("unsplit").
     """
+    if winner == "loop":
+        # SAFETY-52: a loop holding a refused direction says so.
+        return next((c.reason for c in claims if c.source == "loop"
+                     and c.reason in (_ctl.REFUSED, _ctl.PROBING)), winner)
     if winner in ("safety", "failsafe"):
         return next((c.reason for c in claims
                      if c.source == winner and c.kind == "set"),
@@ -611,10 +620,21 @@ class Controller:
         self._grade_store_migration(store)
         for inv in self.inverters:
             if inv.sign_wd.tripped:
+                # UX-11: the plain sentence and the code. The saved reason,
+                # with its figures, is on the DEBUG line beside it.
                 _LOG.error("%s stays at 0 W after the restart because its "
                            "power went the wrong way, so find out why before "
-                           "you start control. %s.", inv.name,
+                           "you start control: %s.", inv.name,
+                           messages.reason_code(inv.sign_wd.reason))
+                _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", inv.name,
                            inv.sign_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+                # UX-11 review: `events` starts empty and DEBUG is off by
+                # default, so the saved figures go on the action log too.
+                saved = inv.sign_wd.reason or messages.NO_REASON_SAVED
+                self.log_event(f"FAILSAFE {inv.name}, saved before the "
+                               f"restart: {saved}",
+                               hint=messages.hint("stop_restored",
+                                                  unit=inv.name))
 
         # --- SAFETY-42 + SAFETY-34 -------------------------------------------
         # ⚠️ A LATCH THAT DOES NOT ACT, WHICH IS THE ONE ASYMMETRY WITH EVERY
@@ -637,8 +657,15 @@ class Controller:
                 _LOG.error(
                     "%s is still marked as not delivering after the restart "
                     "while control keeps running, and only stopping and "
-                    "starting control clears this. %s.",
-                    inv.name, inv.delivery_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+                    "starting control clears this: %s.",
+                    inv.name, messages.reason_code(inv.delivery_wd.reason))
+                _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", inv.name,
+                           inv.delivery_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+                saved = inv.delivery_wd.reason or messages.NO_REASON_SAVED
+                self.log_event(f"NOT DELIVERING {inv.name}, saved before the "
+                               f"restart: {saved}",
+                               hint=messages.hint("not_delivering",
+                                                  unit=inv.name))
 
         # --- SAFETY-30: THE SITE HALF OF THE SIGN CHECK ----------------------
         # ⚠️ ONE PER SITE, BESIDE THE ONE PER INVERTER, AND ARMED ONLY AT N>=2.
@@ -669,8 +696,13 @@ class Controller:
             _LOG.error(
                 "After the restart every inverter stays at 0 W, as the total "
                 "power went the wrong way, so find out why before starting "
-                "control. %s.",
-                self.site_sign_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+                "control: %s.", messages.reason_code(self.site_sign_wd.reason))
+            _LOG.debug("Evidence for the site: %s.",
+                       self.site_sign_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+            self.log_event("FAILSAFE site, saved before the restart: "
+                           + (self.site_sign_wd.reason
+                              or messages.NO_REASON_SAVED),
+                           hint=messages.hint("site_direction"))
         # And the per-unit detectors are told which question they are asking,
         # here as well as in `cycle()`. `checks()` and the status page read
         # `inv.sign_wd.cfg` and can be called before the first cycle has run, so
@@ -722,8 +754,14 @@ class Controller:
             _LOG.error(
                 "After the restart every inverter stays at 0 W, as the "
                 "inverters worked against each other, so find out why before "
-                "starting control. %s.",
-                self.circ_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+                "starting control: %s.",
+                messages.reason_code(self.circ_wd.reason))
+            _LOG.debug("Evidence for the site: %s.",
+                       self.circ_wd.reason or "(reason not recorded)")
+            self.log_event("CIRCULATING POWER, saved before the restart: "
+                           + (self.circ_wd.reason
+                              or messages.NO_REASON_SAVED),
+                           hint=messages.hint("circulating"))
 
         # SAFETY-03. The output clamp's alarm - see clamp.py for why the clamp
         # itself is the cheap half.
@@ -893,6 +931,12 @@ class Controller:
         self.target = 0.0
         self.sat_count = 0
         self.i_w = 0.0        # the loop's integrator, carried between cycles
+        # SAFETY-52. The direction the battery refuses (+1 / -1 / 0), carried
+        # like `i_w`, and when the refusal (or its last probe) started.
+        self.batt_refused = 0
+        self.batt_refused_at = None
+        self._now_mono = None
+        self._refusal_auto = False
         # TEL-10. What the last cycle's loop did, kept for publication. Seeded
         # to the SAME values the "stopped or blind" branch of `cycle()` writes,
         # because before the first cycle the loop has not run - which is the
@@ -929,6 +973,11 @@ class Controller:
         self.following = False
         self.reason = "starting"
         self.why_words = "Starting"
+        # UX-11: has this meter episode's WARNING been logged? See read_inputs.
+        self._meter_quiet_logged = False
+        # ...when the last WARNING was, and whether this episode logged one.
+        self._meter_quiet_warned = None
+        self._meter_quiet_loud = False
         # ALLOC-01. The allocation record from the last resolution, or None
         # before the first cycle. ⚠️ IT IS KEPT SO THAT SOMETHING CAN GATE ON
         # IT: SAFETY-28 puts the write path behind this record, and DEV-02 reads
@@ -999,6 +1048,9 @@ class Controller:
         # because `self.peak_guard` is a different cycle's decision by the time
         # the status page renders.
         self.arb_headroom_w = None
+        # UX-13 P1: today's prices as the Home chart has seen them. Display
+        # only; nothing reads it back into a decision.
+        self.home_prices = homeview.DayPrices()
         # TARIFF-11. When the most recent cycle() STARTED. `arb_at < cycle_at`
         # is the exact, derived statement of "the latest cycle did not get as
         # far as the arbitrage step", which is the fact the *Arbitrage* row
@@ -1021,6 +1073,69 @@ class Controller:
         self.loop_pass_mono = None
 
     # -- helpers -------------------------------------------------------------
+    # --- SAFETY-52: a battery that refuses is asked for 0 W ------------------
+    def _refusal_probe(self) -> bool:
+        """True while a refused direction may try `PROBE_W` (every 15 min)."""
+        if (not self.batt_refused or self.batt_refused_at is None
+                or self._now_mono is None):
+            return False
+        held = self._now_mono - self.batt_refused_at
+        if held >= _ctl.PROBE_EVERY_S + _ctl.PROBE_S:
+            self.batt_refused_at = self._now_mono
+            return False
+        return held >= _ctl.PROBE_EVERY_S
+
+    def _refusal_start(self, sign: int, evidence: str) -> None:
+        self.batt_refused = sign
+        self.batt_refused_at = self._now_mono
+        self.log_event(f"BATTERY REFUSES {evidence}",
+                       hint=messages.hint("battery_refuses"))
+        _LOG.info("The battery refuses to give power, so the add-on asks 0 W "
+                  "and tries %.0f W every %.0f minutes: BATTERY_REFUSES.",
+                  _ctl.PROBE_W, _ctl.PROBE_EVERY_S / 60)
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence: BATTERY_REFUSES: %s.", evidence)
+
+    def _refusal_end(self, why: str) -> None:
+        if not self.batt_refused:
+            return
+        self.batt_refused, self.batt_refused_at = 0, None
+        self.log_event(f"BATTERY REFUSES ENDED: {why}",
+                       hint=messages.hint("battery_gives"))
+        _LOG.info("The battery refusal ends, control asks for power again: %s.",
+                  why)
+
+    def _refusal_update(self, decision, asked_w, batt_w, probe) -> None:
+        """Follow `compute()`'s carried refused direction, and say so."""
+        now = decision.refused or 0
+        if now and not self.batt_refused:
+            self._refusal_start(now, f"asked {asked_w:+.0f} W, the battery "
+                                     f"gave {batt_w:+.0f} W for "
+                                     f"{decision.sat_count} cycles")
+        elif self.batt_refused and not now:
+            gave = self.batt_refused * batt_w >= _ctl.PROBE_ANSWER_W
+            self._refusal_end("the probe was answered" if gave and probe
+                              else "the battery gives power" if gave
+                              else "the grid now asks the other direction")
+
+    def _refusal_from_stale(self, inv, now_mono) -> None:
+        """A stale-reading stop while the loop is frozen on ~0 W is a refusal.
+
+        Only at one inverter: with several, one empty battery must not stop the
+        site (OPT-09's pack limit moves its share to the others).
+        """
+        t = self.tuning
+        standing = inv.standing_w()
+        if (len(self.inverters) == 1 and (self.auto or self.shadow)
+                and not self.batt_refused
+                and self.sat_count >= t.saturation_cycles
+                and inv.batt_fresh.held is not None
+                and abs(inv.batt_fresh.held) < _ctl.REFUSED_BELOW_W
+                and abs(standing) > t.saturation_w):
+            self._now_mono = now_mono
+            self._refusal_start(1 if standing > 0 else -1,
+                                f"stale reading {inv.batt_fresh.held:+.0f} W "
+                                f"while asked {standing:+.0f} W")
+
     def log_event(self, msg: str, hint: str | None = None) -> None:
         """`msg` goes on the action log, the add-on's own technical record.
         `hint` is `messages.hint()`'s plain words for the same event, and is
@@ -1229,8 +1344,9 @@ class Controller:
         first.store_set("sign_tripped", True)
         _LOG.error(
             "%s is set to 0 W again because an older saved safety stop was "
-            "found, so find out why before you start control. %s.",
-            first.name, first.sign_wd.reason)
+            "found, so find out why before you start control: %s.",
+            first.name, messages.reason_code(first.sign_wd.reason))
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", first.name, first.sign_wd.reason)
         _LOG.debug(
             "SAFETY-02 latch guard: the pre-DEV-02 flat key says the "
             "sign-disagreement failsafe is latched and no inverter came up "
@@ -1726,6 +1842,18 @@ class Controller:
         return all(inv.soc is not None and inv.batt is not None
                    for inv in self.inverters)
 
+    def missing_reading(self) -> str:
+        """UX-11: the first reading `inputs_ok` finds missing, in words."""
+        if self.grid is None or not self.inverters:
+            return "meter"
+        for inv in self.inverters:
+            of = "" if len(self.inverters) == 1 else f" from {inv.name}"
+            if inv.batt is None:
+                return f"battery power{of}"
+            if inv.soc is None:
+                return f"battery level{of}"
+        return "input"
+
     # -- io ------------------------------------------------------------------
     @property
     def pv_roster(self) -> tuple:
@@ -1790,6 +1918,7 @@ class Controller:
         """
         o = self.o
         now_mono = freshness.monotonic() if now_mono is None else float(now_mono)
+        self._now_mono = now_mono
         if self.p1_enabled:
             # ⚠️ P1 is the only authoritative measurement of what the utility
             # sees (§5.1). When it is stale this is None, which falls into the
@@ -1885,6 +2014,34 @@ class Controller:
             horizon_h=float(price_option(o, "price_horizon_h")),
             provider=provider_configured(o), max_age_s=TARIFF_MAX_AGE_S)
 
+        # UX-11: the red meter row says "the add-on log shows why", so a meter
+        # that goes quiet gets one WARNING per episode, not one per cycle. It
+        # is a log line only: no notification, and nothing it decides.
+        # A flapping meter logs at most one WARNING per METER_QUIET_REPEAT_S,
+        # and the episodes in between go to DEBUG.
+        if self.p1_enabled:
+            if (self.p1.stale and not self._meter_quiet_logged
+                    and self.p1.published_age_s > self.p1.max_age_s):
+                self._meter_quiet_logged = True
+                now = _mono()
+                self._meter_quiet_loud = (
+                    self._meter_quiet_warned is None
+                    or now - self._meter_quiet_warned >= METER_QUIET_REPEAT_S)
+                if self._meter_quiet_loud:
+                    self._meter_quiet_warned = now
+                    _LOG.warning("No meter reading for over %s, so control "
+                                 "waits and then sets the battery to 0 W.",
+                                 messages.seconds(self.p1.max_age_s))
+                else:
+                    _LOG.debug("No meter reading for over %s again.",
+                               messages.seconds(self.p1.max_age_s))
+            elif not self.p1.stale and self._meter_quiet_logged:
+                self._meter_quiet_logged = False
+                if self._meter_quiet_loud:
+                    _LOG.info("Meter readings are back.")
+                else:
+                    _LOG.debug("Meter readings are back.")
+
         if self.inputs_ok:
             if self.inputs_bad_since is not None:
                 self.log_event("inputs recovered",
@@ -1925,6 +2082,7 @@ class Controller:
         if inv.batt_fresh.stale and not was_stale:
             self.log_event(f"STALE {inv.name}: " + inv.batt_fresh.reason,
                            hint=messages.hint("battery_stuck", unit=inv.name))
+            self._refusal_from_stale(inv, now_mono)
             # ⚠️ SAFETY-57 REWROTE THE LAST SENTENCE OF THIS LINE AND NOTHING
             # ELSE IN IT. The escape clause used to read "It clears itself the
             # moment the register reports a different value", full stop - and
@@ -1953,13 +2111,16 @@ class Controller:
             # learns to skim it.
             # UX-08 2d: plain, with SAFETY-57's escape clause kept as an
             # ordered pair (time, then power), and the reason still in `%s`.
-            # UX-10: one sentence, then the reason's two. Its limits are on
-            # the DEBUG line below, to keep the line within 3 sentences.
+            # UX-11: one sentence and the code. The reason, with SAFETY-56's
+            # two explanations and its figures, and the limits are on the
+            # DEBUG lines below and in the action log.
             _LOG.error("%s: battery power reading stopped changing, set to "
                        "0 W until it changes, or %.0f s after the command "
-                       "drops below %.0f W. %s.",
+                       "drops below %.0f W: %s.",
                        inv.name, inv.batt_fresh.bound.release_s,
-                       inv.batt_fresh.bound.move_w, inv.batt_fresh.reason)
+                       inv.batt_fresh.bound.move_w,
+                       messages.reason_code(inv.batt_fresh.reason))
+            _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", inv.name, inv.batt_fresh.reason)
             _LOG.debug("%s: the limits are unchanged over %.0f s, a command "
                        "over %.0f W and a move by over %.0f W.", inv.name,
                        inv.batt_fresh.bound.unchanged_s,
@@ -2491,8 +2652,10 @@ class Controller:
                 self.log_event(f"FAILSAFE {inv.name}: " + inv.sign_wd.reason,
                                hint=messages.hint("direction", unit=inv.name))
                 _LOG.error("%s is set to 0 W until control is started, "
-                           "because its power went the wrong way. %s.",
-                           inv.name, inv.sign_wd.reason)
+                           "because its power went the wrong way: %s.",
+                           inv.name, messages.reason_code(inv.sign_wd.reason))
+                _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", inv.name,
+                           inv.sign_wd.reason)
         # ⚠️ THE SITE'S OWN STANDING COMMAND, WHICH IS THE SUM OF THE UNITS'.
         # SAFETY-07 and SAFETY-18 both grade a SITE quantity - the quarter-hour
         # average at the grid connection, and a meter that has stopped moving
@@ -2540,7 +2703,10 @@ class Controller:
                                hint=messages.hint("site_direction"))
                 _LOG.error("Every inverter is set to 0 W until control is "
                            "started, because the total power went the wrong "
-                           "way. %s.", self.site_sign_wd.reason)
+                           "way: %s.",
+                           messages.reason_code(self.site_sign_wd.reason))
+                _LOG.debug("Evidence for the site: %s.",
+                           self.site_sign_wd.reason)
 
         # --- SAFETY-31, AND IT RUNS BESIDE SAFETY-02 FOR THE SAME REASON -----
         # Evaluated EVERY cycle, unconditionally, above the "inputs missing but
@@ -2572,8 +2738,9 @@ class Controller:
                            hint=messages.hint("circulating"))
             _LOG.error(
                 "Every inverter is set to 0 W until control is started, "
-                "because the inverters worked against each other. %s.",
-                self.circ_wd.reason)
+                "because the inverters worked against each other: %s.",
+                messages.reason_code(self.circ_wd.reason))
+            _LOG.debug("Evidence for the site: %s.", self.circ_wd.reason)
 
         # --- SAFETY-42, AND IT RUNS HERE FOR SAFETY-02's AND SAFETY-31's REASON
         # Evaluated EVERY cycle, unconditionally, ABOVE the "inputs missing but
@@ -2680,8 +2847,10 @@ class Controller:
                                                   unit=inv.name))
                 _LOG.error(
                     "%s is not delivering while control keeps running, and "
-                    "only stopping and starting control clears this. %s.",
-                    inv.name, inv.delivery_wd.reason)
+                    "only stopping and starting control clears this: %s.",
+                    inv.name, messages.reason_code(inv.delivery_wd.reason))
+                _LOG.debug("Evidence for %s: %s.", inv.name,
+                           inv.delivery_wd.reason)
                 _LOG.debug(
                     "SAFETY-42 reports and does not act: commanding a unit "
                     "that is not listening achieves nothing (HW-01), and the "
@@ -3251,6 +3420,12 @@ class Controller:
         # loop should be. It is safe because the loop's `prev_w` is
         # `self.target`, which the end of this method re-seeds to what is
         # actually standing on the wire.
+        # SAFETY-52: a refusal learned while control ran does not survive a
+        # stop or a start (shadow mode keeps the loop running when stopped).
+        if bool(self.auto) != self._refusal_auto:
+            self._refusal_auto = bool(self.auto)
+            self._refusal_end("control started" if self.auto
+                              else "control stopped")
         if (self.auto or self.shadow) and self.inputs_ok:
             # ⚠️ prev is the ARBITER's last output, not the loop's own last
             # wish. If something outranked the loop, that is what the hardware
@@ -3268,6 +3443,13 @@ class Controller:
             # stale period as power.
             if self.loop_w is None or self.target != self.loop_w:
                 self.i_w = self.target
+            # SAFETY-52: another writer overrode the loop, so a refusal learned
+            # against the loop's own ask no longer describes the wire. A gap
+            # (`loop_w` None: blind or stopped) keeps it: the stale-reading stop
+            # is what seeds it, and dropping it there restarts the ~70 s cycle.
+            if self.loop_w is not None and self.target != self.loop_w:
+                self._refusal_end("another writer")
+            probe = self._refusal_probe()
             # ⚠️ `actual_w` IS THE SITE SUM AND THAT IS DEV-02's OTHER HALF.
             # The anti-windup test inside compute() is
             # `abs(prev_w - actual_w) > saturation_w`, and `prev_w` is the SITE
@@ -3296,6 +3478,10 @@ class Controller:
                 tuning=self.tuning,
                 sat_count=self.sat_count,
                 i_w=self.i_w,
+                # SAFETY-52 at one inverter only: with several, OPT-09's pack
+                # limit already closes an empty battery's discharge end.
+                refused=self.batt_refused if len(self.inverters) == 1 else None,
+                probe=probe,
             )
             if decision.frozen and self.sat_count < self.tuning.saturation_cycles:
                 self.log_event(f"saturation freeze ({self.target:.0f} W vs "
@@ -3304,6 +3490,7 @@ class Controller:
             self.sat_count = decision.sat_count
             self.i_w = decision.i_w
             self.loop_w = decision.target_w
+            self._refusal_update(decision, loop_prev, site_batt, probe)
             # --- TEL-10 ------------------------------------------------------
             # ⚠️ THE INTEGRATOR HAS NEVER LEFT THIS PROCESS, AND THAT IS WHAT
             # THE CARD IS. `self.i_w` is carried between cycles and published
@@ -3554,9 +3741,14 @@ class Controller:
         # UX-10: `why_key()` maps a safety winner to its claim's reason, and
         # every key it can return has words in messages.WHY_WINNER.
         _why = why_key(resolution.winner, claims)
-        self.why_words = messages.why(_why, resolution.target_w,
-                                      resolution.bound_by,
-                                      contradiction=resolution.contradiction)
+        if _why == "inputs missing" and not resolution.contradiction:
+            # UX-11: past the hold, say which reading is missing.
+            self.why_words = messages.why_missing(self.missing_reading(),
+                                                  stale_after)
+        else:
+            self.why_words = messages.why(
+                _why, resolution.target_w, resolution.bound_by,
+                contradiction=resolution.contradiction)
         # --- DEV-02: EACH INVERTER IS TOLD ITS OWN SHARE ---------------------
         # ⚠️ ITS OWN SHARE, NEVER THE SITE TARGET. `resolution.shares` is the
         # allocator's answer and `sum(shares) + unmet_w == round(target_w)` is
@@ -3743,8 +3935,8 @@ class Controller:
                     shadow.why(self.o, control_started=self.auto))
             elif not first:
                 self.log_event(
-                    "SHADOW MODE OFF - the battery is being controlled again, "
-                    f"resuming from {shadow.WIRE_W:.0f} W",
+                    "Shadow mode off: the add-on controls the battery again, "
+                    f"starting from {shadow.WIRE_W:.0f} W",
                     hint=messages.hint("shadow_off"))
                 _LOG.info(
                     "Shadow mode is off, so the add-on controls the battery "
@@ -3856,8 +4048,9 @@ class Controller:
         # write-path engagements and 2 loop-side ones.
         if engaged and not engaged_write:
             tag = f"{CLAMP_REASON} episode {self.clamp_wd.episodes}"
-            row = (f"{tag}: {self.clamp_wd.engagements} engagement(s) - "
-                   f"{reason}")
+            row = (f"{tag}: "
+                   f"{messages.count(self.clamp_wd.engagements, 'engagement')}"
+                   f" - {reason}")
             if self.events and tag in self.events[0]:
                 stamp = self.events[0].split(" ", 1)[0]
                 self.events[0] = f"{stamp} {row}"
@@ -3871,8 +4064,9 @@ class Controller:
             # WARNING and a plainly titled notice, same cadence. Its OWN id, so
             # it can never replace a BUG SIGNAL notice still on screen.
             _LOG.warning("The battery gives less than asked: %s. Held back %s "
-                         "so far.", self.clamp_wd.reason,
+                         "so far.", messages.reason_code(self.clamp_wd.reason),
                          messages.times(self.clamp_wd.engagements))
+            _LOG.debug("Evidence: %s.", self.clamp_wd.reason)
             _LOG.debug("A short hold after a large load or solar step is "
                        "normal. If it lasts, check that the battery follows "
                        "its commands.")
@@ -3881,8 +4075,9 @@ class Controller:
             return
         _LOG.error(
             "Power request too high, a software fault: %s. Cut back %s so "
-            "far, control runs on.",
-            self.clamp_wd.reason, messages.times(self.clamp_wd.engagements))
+            "far, control runs on.", messages.reason_code(self.clamp_wd.reason),
+            messages.times(self.clamp_wd.engagements))
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence: %s.", self.clamp_wd.reason)
         _LOG.debug(
             "SAFETY-03: silently clipping this is how a winding integrator "
             "reached 14 768 W on this project before. The clamp makes every "
@@ -3931,7 +4126,9 @@ class Controller:
                        hint=messages.hint("peak_saturated"))
         _LOG.error(
             "Switch off large loads, the battery alone cannot keep this "
-            "15-minute period under the peak limit. %s.", g.reason)
+            "15-minute period under the peak limit: %s.",
+            messages.reason_code(g.reason))
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence: %s.", g.reason)
         # A fixed notification_id, and a DIFFERENT one from every other alarm
         # here - check_meter_frozen() gives the reasoning. A saturated peak guard
         # is not a frozen meter and is not an out-of-range setpoint.
@@ -3988,7 +4185,8 @@ class Controller:
         self.log_event(g.reason, hint=messages.hint("peak_reserve"))
         _LOG.error(
             "Switch off large loads, the peak guard may not draw the battery "
-            "lower. %s.", g.reason)
+            "lower: %s.", messages.reason_code(g.reason))
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence: %s.", g.reason)
         # A fixed notification_id, and a DIFFERENT one from every other alarm
         # here - check_meter_frozen() gives the reasoning. A battery at its
         # energy floor is not a saturated inverter and is not a frozen meter,
@@ -4148,8 +4346,9 @@ class Controller:
                        hint=messages.hint("meter_frozen"))
         _LOG.error(
             "The meter shows the same value while the battery is asked for "
-            "full power, and control still follows it, so check the meter. "
-            "%s.", self.freeze_wd.reason)
+            "full power, and control still follows it, so check the meter: "
+            "%s.", messages.reason_code(self.freeze_wd.reason))
+        _LOG.debug("Evidence: %s.", self.freeze_wd.reason)
         _LOG.debug(
             "SAFETY-18: nothing else stops this. The meter still answers, so "
             "its age is fresh, the firmware watchdog is fed and the arbiter "
@@ -5313,7 +5512,7 @@ class Controller:
                 decided_at=self.arb_at, cycle_at=self.cycle_at,
                 now=datetime.now(timezone.utc), why=self.why_words)),
         ]
-        return {
+        out = {
             "banner": banner, "level": level, "rows": rows, "checks": checks,
             "hint": self.hint,
             # The action log itself, newest first. The page does not show it
@@ -5322,6 +5521,21 @@ class Controller:
             # peak guard's projection) are written nowhere else.
             "events": list(self.events),
         }
+        # UX-13 P1: the Home screen's structured half. Read-only, and it may
+        # never cost the page its rows: a fault here is logged and the old
+        # fields are served alone (the page then shows the installer details).
+        try:
+            out.update(homeview.build(self, level=level, checks=checks))
+        except Exception:                               # noqa: BLE001
+            # Once per process at ERROR: the page polls every 3 s.
+            if not getattr(self, "_home_failed", False):
+                self._home_failed = True
+                _LOG.exception("Home view could not be built, so the page "
+                               "shows the plain status rows only")
+            else:
+                _LOG.debug("Home view failed again", exc_info=True)
+            out["home_error"] = True
+        return out
 
     async def handle_action(self, what: str):
         now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)

goodwe_controller/app/messages.py

@@ -311,6 +311,22 @@ def seconds(value) -> str:
     return f"{n} second" if n == "1" else f"{n} seconds"
 
 
+# One token each, like a code, so the line keeps its length and stays greppable.
+NO_REASON_SAVED, NO_REASON_CODE = "REASON_NOT_SAVED", "REASON_WITHOUT_CODE"
+_REASON_CODE = re.compile(r"\b[A-Z][A-Z0-9]*(?:_[A-Z0-9]+)+\b")
+
+
+def reason_code(reason) -> str:
+    """UX-11: the code in a safety reason (`STALE_READING`), for the one plain
+    WARNING or ERROR line that reports it. The reason with its figures goes on
+    a DEBUG line beside it and into the action log. Saved reasons have always
+    opened with their code, so an old state file reads the same way."""
+    if not reason:
+        return NO_REASON_SAVED
+    m = _REASON_CODE.search(str(reason))
+    return m.group(0) if m else NO_REASON_CODE
+
+
 def times(n) -> str:
     return "1 time" if int(n) == 1 else f"{int(n)} times"
 
@@ -786,6 +802,9 @@ WHY_WINNER = {
     # failsafe winner. test_messages.py part 7 finds every one in the code.
     "sign disagreement": "Safety stop, power went the wrong way",
     "unsplit": "The power could not be split, all at 0 W",
+    # SAFETY-52: the loop's two words for a battery that gives nothing.
+    "battery refuses": "The battery refuses to give power",
+    "battery probe": "Testing if the battery gives power again",
 }
 WHY_LIMIT = {
     "peak(quarter peak)": "the peak limit",
@@ -813,6 +832,11 @@ def why(winner, target_w, bound_by=None, *, contradiction=False) -> str:
     return out
 
 
+def why_missing(what, limit_s) -> str:
+    """UX-11: past the hold, which reading is missing and what it does."""
+    return f"No usable {what} reading for over {seconds(limit_s)}: 0 W"
+
+
 def why_waiting(missing_s) -> str:
     """A reading went missing a moment ago: control holds and waits."""
     return f"A reading is missing for {seconds(missing_s)}, control waits"
@@ -831,6 +855,8 @@ HINTS = {
     "stop_restored": "{unit}: an earlier safety stop is back, it stays at 0 W",
     "battery_stuck": "{unit}: battery power reading stopped changing",
     "battery_back": "{unit}: battery power reading is used again",
+    "battery_refuses": "The battery refuses to give power, the add-on asks 0 W",
+    "battery_gives": "The battery refusal ended, control asks for power again",
     "bad_value": "The add-on made an invalid power value, inverters set to 0 W",
     "write_blocked": "{unit}: a power request was blocked, it is set to 0 W",
     "all_blocked": "A power request was blocked, inverters set to 0 W",
@@ -1073,6 +1099,18 @@ LABELS = {
     "unit_sign_disagree_w": "Per-inverter wrong-direction threshold",
     "slew_w": "Largest change per cycle",
     "shadow_mode": "Shadow mode",
+    # UX-13: named by the settings page's warnings (validate.Note).
+    "integrator_max_w": "Catch-up limit",
+    "maintenance_discharge_w": "Draw-down rate",
+    "peak_cap_w": "Peak limit",
+    "peak_forecast_entity": "15-minute demand forecast entity",
+    "meter_entity": "Grid power entity",
+    "soc_entity": "Battery level entity",
+    "batt_entity": "Battery power entity",
+    "pv_entity": "Solar production entity",
+    "pv_entities": "Solar production entities, per inverter",
+    "p1_phase_import_entities": "Import entities per phase",
+    "p1_phase_export_entities": "Export entities per phase",
 }
 
 

goodwe_controller/app/selfconfig.py

@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ async def problems_for(opts: dict, hass=None) -> list:
     return problems
 
 
-async def problems_and_ranges(opts: dict, hass=None):
+async def problems_and_ranges(opts: dict, hass=None, notes=None):
     """`problems_for()`, plus WHICH setpoint entities did not report a range.
 
     ⚠️ THE SECOND HALF EXISTS SO THE PAGE CANNOT LOOK GREEN FOR A REASON THE
@@ -303,6 +303,8 @@ async def problems_and_ranges(opts: dict, hass=None):
     has just typed a new `setpoint_entity` must be told about THAT entity, and
     a route that asked the running controller instead would report on the old
     one. That was the first shape of this and it disagreed with itself.
+
+    UX-13: a list passed as `notes` collects the validator's warnings too.
     """
     flat = str(opts.get("setpoint_entity", "") or "").strip()
 
@@ -329,7 +331,7 @@ async def problems_and_ranges(opts: dict, hass=None):
         # disagreement is itself the finding - so it is reported rather than
         # swallowed. Returning `[]` here would turn a crash into a silent
         # acceptance, which is worse than the 500 this replaced.
-        found = list(validate_startup_config(opts))
+        found = list(validate_startup_config(opts, notes=notes))
         if not found:
             found = [f"the configuration could not be composed ({type(exc).__name__}: "
                      f"{exc}), and the validator did not name a reason. This is a "
@@ -347,7 +349,8 @@ async def problems_and_ranges(opts: dict, hass=None):
         if flat and unit.setpoint_entity.strip().lower() == flat.lower():
             dev_min, dev_max = unit.dev_min, unit.dev_max
             break
-    problems = list(validate_startup_config(opts, dev_min, dev_max))
+    problems = list(validate_startup_config(opts, dev_min, dev_max,
+                                            notes=notes))
     problems += validate_unit_ranges(units, skip_entity=flat)
     unread = [unit.setpoint_entity for unit in units
               if unit.setpoint_entity and unit.dev_min is None

goodwe_controller/app/static/app.css

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/* UX-13 page styles. Colours follow the approved mockup (UX-13-mockup.html,
+   version 2) and prefers-color-scheme. No web fonts, no external files. */
+:root{
+  --bg:#f3f4f6;--card:#ffffff;--ink:#1b1d21;--muted:#5b626c;--faint:#8a919b;--line:#e2e5e9;
+  --accent:#1c64d9;--accent-soft:#e6efff;--on-accent:#ffffff;
+  --ok:#17773a;--ok-bg:#e6f4eb;--warn:#955300;--warn-bg:#fcefd9;--bad:#c02626;--bad-bg:#fce8e8;--info:#5b626c;--info-bg:#eceef1;
+  --solar:#c98a00;--house:#6c47c2;--grid:#56657a;--batt:#17773a;
+  --cheap:#8fcca4;--dear:#f0ad72;--mid:#cfd5dc;--track:#dde1e6;--shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);
+}
+@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]){
+  --bg:#111317;--card:#1a1d23;--ink:#e7e9ec;--muted:#a2a9b3;--faint:#7c848f;--line:#2b3038;
+  --accent:#6ea2ff;--accent-soft:#1d2a44;--on-accent:#0b1220;
+  --ok:#7ccf98;--ok-bg:#15291d;--warn:#f3c16b;--warn-bg:#2e2412;--bad:#f28b82;--bad-bg:#3a1a19;--info:#a2a9b3;--info-bg:#22262d;
+  --solar:#f0c04a;--house:#b39cf0;--grid:#9fb0c6;--batt:#7ccf98;
+  --cheap:#3f7d56;--dear:#9a5a26;--mid:#3a414b;--track:#343a44;--shadow:none;
+}}
+:root[data-theme="dark"]{
+  --bg:#111317;--card:#1a1d23;--ink:#e7e9ec;--muted:#a2a9b3;--faint:#7c848f;--line:#2b3038;
+  --accent:#6ea2ff;--accent-soft:#1d2a44;--on-accent:#0b1220;
+  --ok:#7ccf98;--ok-bg:#15291d;--warn:#f3c16b;--warn-bg:#2e2412;--bad:#f28b82;--bad-bg:#3a1a19;--info:#a2a9b3;--info-bg:#22262d;
+  --solar:#f0c04a;--house:#b39cf0;--grid:#9fb0c6;--batt:#7ccf98;
+  --cheap:#3f7d56;--dear:#9a5a26;--mid:#3a414b;--track:#343a44;--shadow:none;
+}
+*{box-sizing:border-box}
+[hidden]{display:none!important}
+html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
+body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font:15px/1.5 system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,sans-serif;overflow-x:hidden}
+button,input,select{font:inherit;color:inherit}
+a{color:var(--accent)}
+:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px}
+.top{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:12px 16px 8px;max-width:820px;margin:0 auto}
+.logo{width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:10px;background:var(--accent-soft);display:grid;place-items:center;color:var(--accent);flex:none}
+.app{font-weight:700;font-size:17px;line-height:1.2}
+.pill{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:0 6px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}
+.dot{width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ok);flex:none}
+.dot.warn{background:var(--warn)}.dot.bad{background:var(--bad)}
+.tabs{display:flex;gap:4px;max-width:820px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
+.tab{border:0;background:none;padding:10px 12px;border-bottom:2px solid transparent;color:var(--muted);cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;min-height:44px;position:relative}
+.tab[aria-selected="true"]{color:var(--accent);border-bottom-color:var(--accent);font-weight:600}
+.tab svg{width:20px;height:20px}
+.badge{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;background:var(--warn);color:var(--card);border-radius:9px;padding:0 6px;line-height:18px}
+.badge.bad{background:var(--bad)}
+@media (max-width:640px){
+  .tabs{position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:20;background:var(--card);border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:0;padding:0 4px env(safe-area-inset-bottom);justify-content:space-around;gap:0}
+  .tab{flex-direction:column;gap:0;font-size:11px;padding:6px 4px;border-bottom:0;border-top:2px solid transparent;flex:1;min-width:0}
+  .tab[aria-selected="true"]{border-top-color:var(--accent)}
+  .tab .badge{position:absolute;top:2px;left:calc(50% + 6px)}
+  .wrap{padding-bottom:96px!important}
+}
+.wrap{max-width:820px;margin:0 auto;padding:16px 16px 40px}
+h2{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:650}
+.card{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:14px;margin-bottom:12px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}
+.muted{color:var(--muted)} .small{font-size:13px} .tiny{font-size:12px}
+.row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}
+.spread{justify-content:space-between}
+.grow{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0}
+.banner{border-radius:12px;padding:12px 14px;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:flex-start;font-weight:600}
+.banner .ic{flex:none;margin-top:2px}
+.b-ok{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)} .b-warn{background:var(--warn-bg);color:var(--warn)} .b-bad{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}
+.banner small{display:block;font-weight:400;color:var(--ink);margin-top:2px}
+.tiles{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:8px}
+@media (max-width:640px){.tiles{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
+.tile{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;padding:10px;min-width:0}
+.tile .lab{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px}
+.tile .val{font-size:22px;font-weight:700;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;line-height:1.25;margin-top:2px}
+.tile .val small{font-size:13px;font-weight:500;color:var(--muted)}
+.tile .sub{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}
+.sw-solar{color:var(--solar)} .sw-house{color:var(--house)} .sw-grid{color:var(--grid)} .sw-batt{color:var(--batt)}
+.brow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:2px 10px;padding:10px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
+.brow:first-child{border-top:0}
+.lvl{height:10px;background:var(--track);border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;grid-column:1/-1;margin:4px 0 2px}
+.lvl>i{display:block;height:100%;background:var(--batt);border-radius:6px}
+.lvl.none>i{background:var(--faint)}
+/* the plan chart */
+.chart{position:relative;margin:18px 0 4px}
+.bars{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:2px;height:72px}
+.bars i{flex:1;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;background:var(--mid);min-width:0}
+.bars i.cheap{background:var(--cheap)}
+/* not by colour alone: expensive hours are striped, estimates are faded */
+.bars i.dear{background:repeating-linear-gradient(135deg,var(--dear) 0 4px,color-mix(in srgb,var(--dear) 60%,var(--card)) 4px 7px)}
+.bars i.est{opacity:.55}
+.bars i.none{background:none;border-bottom:2px dotted var(--faint);height:2px!important}
+.lane{position:relative;height:18px;margin-top:4px;background:var(--bg);border-radius:4px}
+.lane b{position:absolute;top:2px;bottom:2px;border-radius:3px;min-width:3px}
+.lane .house{background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--mid) 0 6px,transparent 6px 9px);top:6px;bottom:6px}
+.lane .grid{background:var(--accent)}
+.lane .give{background:repeating-linear-gradient(135deg,var(--house) 0 4px,color-mix(in srgb,var(--house) 55%,var(--card)) 4px 7px)}
+.lane .cycle{background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--warn) 0 3px,var(--warn-bg) 3px 6px)}
+.lane .peak{background:var(--bad)}
+.lanelab{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:6px}
+.nowline{position:absolute;top:-4px;bottom:0;width:2px;background:var(--ink);opacity:.7;pointer-events:none}
+.nowline span{position:absolute;top:-15px;left:-10px;font-size:10px}
+.axis{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:11px;color:var(--faint);margin-top:4px}
+.legend{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 12px;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px}
+.legend span{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px}
+.legend i{width:14px;height:10px;border-radius:2px;display:inline-block}
+.legend i.house{background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--mid) 0 4px,transparent 4px 6px)}
+ul.plain{list-style:none;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0}
+ul.plain li{padding:6px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
+ul.plain li:first-child{border-top:0}
+.meter{height:12px;background:var(--track);border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;margin:8px 0 4px}
+.meter i{display:block;height:100%;background:var(--accent)}
+.meter i.warn{background:var(--warn)} .meter i.bad{background:var(--bad)}
+.alert{display:flex;gap:10px;padding:10px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
+.alert:first-child{border-top:0}
+.sev{flex:none;width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:800}
+.sev.warning{background:var(--warn-bg);color:var(--warn)} .sev.alarm{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)} .sev.info{background:var(--info-bg);color:var(--info)} .sev.ok{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}
+.alert .t{font-weight:600}
+.btn{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--card);padding:9px 14px;border-radius:10px;cursor:pointer;min-height:44px}
+.btn.primary{background:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent);color:var(--on-accent);font-weight:600}
+.btn.danger{color:var(--bad);border-color:var(--bad)}
+.btn:disabled{opacity:.5;cursor:not-allowed}
+a.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}
+details.more{margin-top:12px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
+details.more>summary{cursor:pointer;padding:10px 0;color:var(--accent);font-size:14px;min-height:44px;display:flex;align-items:center}
+table.rows{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px}
+table.rows td{padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}
+table.rows td:last-child{text-align:right;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-weight:600;padding-left:12px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
+table.rows tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}
+ul.checks{margin:6px 0 0;padding-left:0;list-style:none;font-size:13px}
+ul.checks li{margin:3px 0}
+.c-ok{color:var(--ok)} .c-warn{color:var(--warn)} .c-bad{color:var(--bad)}
+.kv{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:4px 12px;font-size:14px;margin-top:10px}
+.kv dt{color:var(--muted)} .kv dd{margin:0}
+#toast{position:fixed;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);bottom:24px;z-index:30;background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);padding:10px 14px;border-radius:10px;font-size:14px;max-width:calc(100% - 32px);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .2s}
+#toast.show{opacity:1}
+@media (max-width:640px){#toast{bottom:84px}}
+dialog{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:var(--card);color:var(--ink);max-width:min(420px,calc(100% - 32px));padding:18px}
+dialog::backdrop{background:rgba(0,0,0,.45)}
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{transition:none!important}}
+.tip{position:fixed;z-index:40;background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);font-size:12px;line-height:1.35;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:8px;pointer-events:none;max-width:240px;opacity:0;transition:opacity .1s;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.25);left:0;top:0}
+.tip.show{opacity:1}
+.tip b{display:block;font-weight:700}
+.tip span{display:block}
+.chart [data-tip]{cursor:default}
+.chart [data-tip]:hover,.chart [data-tip]:focus,.chart .hot{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:-1px}
+.sr{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}

goodwe_controller/app/static/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+"use strict";
+/* UX-13 P1: the page shell and the Home screen. Plain JS, no framework, no
+   external files. Every URL is relative, because ingress serves the add-on
+   under a generated path prefix. Every word comes from app/ui_text (fixed
+   labels) or from /status (sentences built by app/homeview.py), so STYLE.md
+   is checked in Python. Data is always set as text, never as HTML. */
+(function () {
+  const T = JSON.parse(document.getElementById("ui-text").textContent).home;
+  const $ = (s) => document.querySelector(s);
+  const t = (path) => path.split(".").reduce((o, k) => (o == null ? o : o[k]), T);
+  function h(tag, attrs, ...kids) {
+    const e = document.createElement(tag);
+    for (const k in attrs || {}) {
+      const v = attrs[k];
+      if (v === false || v == null) continue;
+      if (k === "class") e.className = v;
+      else if (k === "style") e.style.cssText = v;
+      else if (k.startsWith("on")) e.addEventListener(k.slice(2), v);
+      else e.setAttribute(k, v === true ? "" : v);
+    }
+    for (const c of kids.flat()) {
+      if (c == null || c === false) continue;
+      e.append(c.nodeType ? c : document.createTextNode(String(c)));
+    }
+    return e;
+  }
+  const kw = (w) => (Math.abs(Number(w)) / 1000).toFixed(1);
+  const eur = (v) => "€" + Number(v).toFixed(2);
+
+  // Fixed labels from ui_text.
+  document.querySelectorAll("[data-t]").forEach((e) => { e.textContent = t(e.dataset.t) || ""; });
+  document.querySelectorAll("[data-t-label]").forEach((e) => { e.setAttribute("aria-label", t(e.dataset.tLabel) || ""); });
+
+  let S = null;              // the last /status
+  let busy = false;
+
+  /* ---------------- toast and confirm dialog ---------------- */
+  function toast(text) {
+    const e = $("#toast"); e.textContent = text; e.classList.add("show");
+    clearTimeout(toast.timer); toast.timer = setTimeout(() => e.classList.remove("show"), 2600);
+  }
+  let onYes = null;
+  function ask(key, fn) {
+    $("#dlg-t").textContent = t("dialog." + key + ".name");
+    $("#dlg-b").textContent = t("dialog." + key + ".description");
+    $("#dlg-yes").textContent = t("dialog." + key + ".yes");
+    onYes = fn;
+    const d = $("#dlg");
+    if (typeof d.showModal === "function") d.showModal(); else if (window.confirm($("#dlg-t").textContent)) fn();
+  }
+  $("#dlg-no").addEventListener("click", () => $("#dlg").close());
+  $("#dlg-yes").addEventListener("click", () => { $("#dlg").close(); if (onYes) onYes(); });
+
+  /* ---------------- data ---------------- */
+  async function getStatus() {
+    const r = await fetch("status", { cache: "no-store" });
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error("status " + r.status);
+    return r.json();
+  }
+  async function act(what) {
+    const r = await fetch("action", { method: "POST", headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+                                      body: JSON.stringify({ action: what }) });
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error("action " + r.status);
+    return r.json();
+  }
+  async function refresh() {
+    if (busy) return;
+    busy = true;
+    try { S = await getStatus(); render(); }
+    catch (e) { offline(); }
+    finally { busy = false; }
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- shell ---------------- */
+  function banner(el, level, title, sub, role) {
+    el.replaceChildren(h("div", { class: "banner " + ({ ok: "b-ok", bad: "b-bad" }[level] || "b-warn"), role: role || null },
+      h("span", { class: "ic", "aria-hidden": "true" }, { ok: "✓", bad: "×" }[level] || "!"),
+      h("span", {}, title, sub ? h("small", {}, sub) : null)));
+  }
+  function offline() {
+    banner($("#home-banner"), "bad", t("offline.name"), t("offline.description"), "alert");
+    $("#pill").replaceChildren(h("span", { class: "dot bad" }), h("span", {}, t("offline.name")));
+  }
+  function renderPill() {
+    const st = S.state || null;
+    const dot = st ? ({ running: "", shadow: " warn", stopped: " warn", warning: " warn", alarm: " bad" }[st.kind] ?? " warn")
+                   : (S.level === "ok" ? "" : S.level === "bad" ? " bad" : " warn");
+    const words = st ? [st.pill, st.ran].filter(Boolean).join(". ") : S.banner;
+    $("#pill").replaceChildren(h("span", { class: "dot" + dot, "aria-hidden": "true" }), h("span", {}, words));
+  }
+
+  function render() {
+    renderPill();
+    const structured = S.now && S.plan && !S.home_error;
+    banner($("#home-banner"), S.level, S.banner, structured ? S.state.sub : "", S.level === "bad" ? "alert" : null);
+    ["#c-now", "#c-plan", "#c-peak", "#c-attn"].forEach((id) => { $(id).hidden = !structured; });
+    if (structured) { renderNow(); renderPlan(); renderPeak(); renderAttention(); }
+    renderControl(structured);
+    renderDetails(!structured);
+    renderBatteries();
+    renderSettings();
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- Home: now ---------------- */
+  function val(id, w, show) {
+    const e = $(id);
+    if (w == null || !show) { e.textContent = "–"; return; }
+    e.replaceChildren(kw(w) + " ", h("small", {}, "kW"));
+  }
+  function levelBar(pct, label) {
+    const known = pct != null;
+    return h("div", { class: "lvl" + (known ? "" : " none"), role: "img",
+                      "aria-label": label + " " + (known ? Math.round(pct) + " %" : "–") },
+      h("i", { style: "width:" + (known ? Math.max(0, Math.min(100, pct)) : 0) + "%" }));
+  }
+  function renderNow() {
+    const n = S.now;
+    val("#v-solar", n.solar_w, n.has_solar); $("#sub-solar").textContent = n.lines.solar;
+    val("#v-house", n.house_w, true); $("#sub-house").textContent = n.lines.house;
+    val("#v-grid", n.grid_w, true); $("#sub-grid").textContent = n.lines.grid;
+    val("#v-batt", n.batt_w, true); $("#sub-batt").textContent = n.lines.batt;
+    $("#home-batts").replaceChildren(...S.batteries.map((b) => h("div", { class: "brow" },
+      h("div", {}, h("strong", {}, b.name), h("span", { class: "muted small" }, " · " + b.mode)),
+      h("div", { class: "small", style: "font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums" }, b.level_pct == null ? "–" : Math.round(b.level_pct) + " %"),
+      levelBar(b.level_pct, b.name),
+      h("div", { class: "small muted", style: "grid-column:1/-1" }, b.now))));
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- Home: today's plan ---------------- */
+  const LEGEND = [["cheap", "background:var(--cheap)"], ["dear", "background:repeating-linear-gradient(135deg,var(--dear) 0 3px,transparent 3px 5px)"],
+                  ["grid", "background:var(--accent)"], ["give", "background:repeating-linear-gradient(135deg,var(--house) 0 3px,transparent 3px 5px)"],
+                  ["cycle", "background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--warn) 0 2px,transparent 2px 4px)"],
+                  ["peak", "background:var(--bad)"], ["house", null]];
+  function tipText(lines) { return lines.filter(Boolean).join(" "); }
+  function chartItem(tag, cls, style, title, lines) {
+    return h(tag, { class: cls, style: style, tabindex: "-1", role: "img", "aria-label": tipText([title + "."].concat(lines)),
+                    "data-tip": JSON.stringify([title].concat(lines.filter(Boolean))) });
+  }
+  function roving(group) {
+    const items = [...group.querySelectorAll("[data-tip]")];
+    items.forEach((el, i) => {
+      el.tabIndex = i === 0 ? 0 : -1;
+      el.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
+        const d = { ArrowRight: 1, ArrowLeft: -1, Home: -1e9, End: 1e9 }[e.key];
+        if (d === undefined) return;
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const j = Math.max(0, Math.min(items.length - 1, i + d));
+        items[i].tabIndex = -1; items[j].tabIndex = 0; items[j].focus();
+      });
+    });
+  }
+  function renderPlan() {
+    const p = S.plan;
+    $("#verdict").textContent = p.verdict;
+    $("#plan-head").textContent = p.head;
+    const hours = p.hours || 24;
+    const bars = $("#bars");
+    const known = p.prices.filter((b) => b.eur_kwh != null);
+    const mx = Math.max(0.01, ...known.map((b) => Math.abs(b.eur_kwh)));
+    bars.setAttribute("aria-label", t("plan.name"));
+    bars.replaceChildren(...p.prices.map((b) => {
+      const title = b.label + " " + t("plan.time_to") + " " + b.end_label;
+      if (b.eur_kwh == null) return chartItem("i", "none", "", title, [t("plan.none_tip") + "."]);
+      const kind = b.kind === "cheap" ? ", " + t("plan.cheap_tip") : b.kind === "dear" ? ", " + t("plan.dear_tip") : "";
+      const est = b.estimate ? ", " + t("plan.estimate_tip") : "";
+      return chartItem("i", (b.kind || "mid") + (b.estimate ? " est" : ""),
+                       "height:" + Math.max(4, Math.round(Math.abs(b.eur_kwh) / mx * 100)) + "%",
+                       title, [eur(b.eur_kwh) + " " + t("plan.per_kwh") + kind + est + "."]);
+    }));
+    roving(bars);
+    $("#no-prices").hidden = known.length > 0;
+    const lanes = $("#lanes");
+    lanes.replaceChildren();
+    S.batteries.forEach((b, i) => {
+      const lane = h("div", { class: "lane", role: "group", "aria-label": b.name });
+      const runs = p.runs.filter((r) => r.battery === i).sort((a, z) => (a.kind === "house" ? -1 : 0) - (z.kind === "house" ? -1 : 0));
+      for (const r of runs) {
+        if (r.end_h <= r.start_h) continue;
+        lane.append(chartItem("b", r.kind, "left:" + (r.start_h / hours * 100) + "%;width:" + ((r.end_h - r.start_h) / hours * 100) + "%",
+                              b.name + ", " + r.from + " " + t("plan.time_to") + " " + r.to, [r.what, r.why, r.amount]));
+      }
+      lanes.append(h("div", { class: "lanelab", "aria-hidden": "true" }, b.name), lane);
+      roving(lane);
+    });
+    const nl = $("#nowline");
+    nl.style.left = Math.max(0, Math.min(100, p.now_h / hours * 100)) + "%";
+    const used = new Set(p.runs.map((r) => r.kind));
+    known.forEach((b) => used.add(b.kind));
+    $("#legend").replaceChildren(...LEGEND.filter(([k]) => used.has(k)).map(([k, css]) =>
+      h("span", {}, h("i", { class: k === "house" ? "house" : null, style: css, "aria-hidden": "true" }), t("plan." + k))));
+    const list = [];
+    S.batteries.forEach((b, i) => {
+      for (const r of p.runs.filter((x) => x.battery === i && x.kind !== "house")) {
+        list.push(h("li", {}, h("strong", {}, b.name + ", " + r.from + " " + t("plan.time_to") + " " + r.to + ": "), tipText([r.what, r.why, r.amount])));
+      }
+      const house = p.runs.find((x) => x.battery === i && x.kind === "house");
+      if (house) list.push(h("li", {}, h("strong", {}, b.name + ": "), tipText([house.what, house.why])));
+    });
+    for (const line of p.lines) list.push(h("li", {}, line));
+    $("#plan-list").replaceChildren(...list);
+    $("#price-line").textContent = [p.price_line, p.tomorrow_line, p.region_line].filter(Boolean).join(" ");
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- tooltips: hover, tap and keyboard focus ---------------- */
+  (function () {
+    const tip = $("#tip"); let hot = null;
+    const hide = () => { tip.classList.remove("show"); if (hot) hot.classList.remove("hot"); hot = null; };
+    function show(el, x, y) {
+      if (hot && hot !== el) hot.classList.remove("hot");
+      hot = el; el.classList.add("hot");
+      const lines = JSON.parse(el.dataset.tip);
+      tip.replaceChildren(h("b", {}, lines[0]), ...lines.slice(1).map((l) => h("span", {}, l)));
+      tip.classList.add("show");
+      const r = tip.getBoundingClientRect();
+      let L = x + 12, T2 = y - r.height - 12;
+      if (L + r.width > innerWidth - 8) L = x - r.width - 12;
+      if (L < 8) L = 8;
+      if (T2 < 8) T2 = y + 16;
+      tip.style.left = L + "px"; tip.style.top = T2 + "px";
+    }
+    const target = (e) => e.target.closest && e.target.closest(".chart [data-tip]");
+    document.addEventListener("pointermove", (e) => {
+      if (e.pointerType === "touch") return;
+      const el = target(e);
+      if (el) show(el, e.clientX, e.clientY); else if (hot && document.activeElement !== hot) hide();
+    });
+    document.addEventListener("pointerdown", (e) => {
+      const el = target(e);
+      if (el && e.pointerType === "touch") { if (hot === el) hide(); else show(el, e.clientX, e.clientY); }
+      else if (!el) hide();
+    });
+    document.addEventListener("focusin", (e) => {
+      const el = target(e);
+      if (el) { const r = el.getBoundingClientRect(); show(el, r.left + r.width / 2, r.top); }
+    });
+    document.addEventListener("focusout", (e) => { if (target(e)) hide(); });
+    document.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => { if (e.key === "Escape") hide(); });
+    addEventListener("scroll", hide, { passive: true });
+  })();
+
+  /* ---------------- Home: peak, attention, control, details ---------------- */
+  function renderPeak() {
+    const m = S.month_peak;
+    $("#peak-month").textContent = m.month;
+    const covered = m.state !== "not_covered";
+    $("#peak-figures").hidden = !covered; $("#peak-meter").hidden = !covered;
+    $("#peak-now").textContent = m.peak_w != null ? kw(m.peak_w) + " kW"
+                                 : m.state === "unreadable" ? t("peak.unreadable") : t("peak.none");
+    $("#peak-limit").textContent = kw(m.limit_w) + " kW";
+    const pct = m.pct == null ? 0 : Math.max(0, Math.min(100, m.pct));
+    const bar = $("#peak-meter i");
+    bar.style.width = pct + "%";
+    bar.className = pct >= 100 ? "bad" : pct >= 80 ? "warn" : "";
+    $("#peak-meter").setAttribute("aria-label", t("peak.this_month") + " " + (m.pct == null ? "–" : Math.round(m.pct) + " %"));
+    $("#peak-line").textContent = m.line;
+  }
+  function renderAttention() {
+    const list = S.attention;
+    const icon = { alarm: "×", warning: "!", info: "i" };
+    $("#alerts").replaceChildren(...list.map((a) => h("div", { class: "alert" },
+      h("span", { class: "sev " + a.severity, "aria-hidden": "true" }, icon[a.severity] || "i"),
+      h("div", {}, h("div", { class: "t" }, h("span", { class: "sr" }, t("attention." + a.severity) + ": "), a.title),
+        h("div", { class: "small" }, a.body),
+        a.docs && S.control.docs_url ? h("a", { class: "tiny", href: S.control.docs_url, target: "_top", rel: "noopener" }, t("attention.details")) : null))));
+    const n = list.filter((a) => a.severity !== "info").length;
+    $("#attn-count").textContent = n ? n + " " + t("attention.to_look") : t("attention.nothing");
+    if (!list.length) $("#alerts").replaceChildren(h("div", { class: "small muted" }, t("attention.nothing")));
+    const badge = $("#attn-badge");
+    badge.textContent = n; badge.hidden = !n;
+    badge.classList.toggle("bad", list.some((a) => a.severity === "alarm"));
+  }
+  function renderControl(structured) {
+    const running = structured ? S.control.running : null;
+    const btn = $("#btn-ctl");
+    btn.textContent = running === false ? t("control.start") : t("control.stop");
+    btn.className = "btn" + (running === false ? " primary" : "");
+    $("#ctl-text").textContent = structured ? S.control.text : "";
+    $("#hint").textContent = S.hint || "";
+    const docs = $("#docs-link");
+    if (structured && S.control.docs_url) { docs.href = S.control.docs_url; docs.hidden = false; } else docs.hidden = true;
+  }
+  function renderDetails(open) {
+    $("#rows").replaceChildren(...(S.rows || []).map(([k, v]) => h("tr", {}, h("td", { class: "muted" }, k), h("td", {}, v))));
+    $("#checks").replaceChildren(...(S.checks || []).map((c) => {
+      const cls = c.ok ? (c.warn ? "c-warn" : "c-ok") : (c.warn ? "c-warn" : "c-bad");
+      const mark = c.ok ? (c.warn ? "!" : "✓") : (c.warn ? "!" : "✗");
+      return h("li", { class: cls }, mark + " " + c.text);
+    }));
+    if (open) $("#c-details").open = true;
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- Batteries and Settings (placeholders until P2/P3) ---------------- */
+  function renderBatteries() {
+    if (!S.batteries) { $("#bcards").replaceChildren(); return; }
+    $("#bcards").replaceChildren(...S.batteries.map((b) => h("div", { class: "card" },
+      h("div", { class: "row spread" }, h("strong", {}, b.name), h("span", { class: "small muted" }, b.capacity_kwh ? b.capacity_kwh + " kWh" : "")),
+      levelBar(b.level_pct, b.name),
+      h("dl", { class: "kv" },
+        h("dt", {}, t("batteries.level")), h("dd", {}, b.level_pct == null ? "–" : Math.round(b.level_pct) + " %"),
+        b.stored_kwh != null ? [h("dt", {}, t("batteries.stored")), h("dd", {}, b.stored_kwh.toFixed(1) + " kWh")] : null,
+        h("dt", {}, t("batteries.now")), h("dd", {}, b.now),
+        h("dt", {}, t("batteries.mode")), h("dd", {}, b.mode)))));
+  }
+  function renderSettings() {
+    const line = S.plan && S.plan.region_line;
+    $("#set-region").textContent = line || ""; $("#set-region").hidden = !line;
+  }
+
+  /* ---------------- control buttons ---------------- */
+  // The action is a toggle, so the page reads the live state first and sends
+  // nothing when control is already where the person asked it to be.
+  // One request at a time: a second confirm while the first is in flight
+  // would read the same state and toggle it back.
+  let toggling = false;
+  async function setControl(want) {
+    if (toggling) return;
+    toggling = true;
+    try {
+      const now = await getStatus();
+      if (!now.control || now.control.running !== want) await act("auto_toggle");
+      toast(want ? t("toast.started") : t("toast.stopped"));
+    } catch (e) { toast(t("toast.failed")); }
+    finally { toggling = false; }
+    refresh();
+  }
+  $("#btn-ctl").addEventListener("click", () => {
+    const running = S && S.control ? S.control.running : true;
+    if (running) ask("stop", () => setControl(false)); else ask("start", () => setControl(true));
+  });
+  async function simple(what) {
+    try { await act(what); toast(t("toast.done")); } catch (e) { toast(t("toast.failed")); }
+    refresh();
+  }
+  $("#btn-maint").addEventListener("click", () => ask("maint_start", () => simple("maint_start")));
+  $("#btn-abort").addEventListener("click", () => ask("maint_abort", () => simple("maint_abort")));
+
+  /* ---------------- tabs: hash routes, arrow keys ---------------- */
+  const TABS = [...document.querySelectorAll(".tab")];
+  function select(tab, focus) {
+    TABS.forEach((x) => {
+      const on = x === tab;
+      x.setAttribute("aria-selected", String(on)); x.tabIndex = on ? 0 : -1;
+      document.getElementById(x.getAttribute("aria-controls")).hidden = !on;
+    });
+    if (focus) tab.focus();
+    if (location.hash !== "#" + tab.dataset.hash) history.replaceState(null, "", "#" + tab.dataset.hash);
+    schedule();
+  }
+  TABS.forEach((x, i) => {
+    x.addEventListener("click", () => select(x, false));
+    x.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
+      const j = { ArrowRight: i + 1, ArrowLeft: i - 1 + TABS.length, Home: 0, End: TABS.length - 1 }[e.key];
+      if (j === undefined) return;
+      e.preventDefault(); select(TABS[j % TABS.length], true);
+    });
+  });
+  function fromHash() {
+    const want = (location.hash || "#home").slice(1);
+    select(TABS.find((x) => x.dataset.hash === want) || TABS[0], false);
+  }
+  addEventListener("hashchange", fromHash);
+
+  /* ---------------- polling: every 3 s while Home or Batteries shows ---------------- */
+  let timer = null;
+  function schedule() {
+    const live = !document.hidden && ($("#t-home").getAttribute("aria-selected") === "true" ||
+                                      $("#t-batt").getAttribute("aria-selected") === "true");
+    if (live && !timer) { refresh(); timer = setInterval(refresh, 3000); }
+    if (!live && timer) { clearInterval(timer); timer = null; }
+  }
+  document.addEventListener("visibilitychange", schedule);
+  fromHash();
+  refresh();
+})();

goodwe_controller/app/static/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta charset="utf-8">
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+<title>Battery add-on</title>
+<style>/*APP_CSS*/</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<header class="top">
+  <div class="logo" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><rect x="3" y="7" width="16" height="10" rx="2"/><path d="M21 11v2M8 10l-2 3h4l-2 3"/></svg></div>
+  <div class="grow">
+    <div class="app" data-t="app.name"></div>
+    <div class="pill" id="pill" aria-live="polite"><span class="dot warn"></span><span>…</span></div>
+  </div>
+</header>
+
+<nav class="tabs" role="tablist" id="tabs" data-t-label="tabs.label">
+  <button class="tab" role="tab" id="t-home" aria-controls="s-home" aria-selected="true" data-hash="home"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M3 11l9-7 9 7v9a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-5v-6H9v6H4a1 1 0 0 1-1-1z"/></svg><span data-t="tabs.home"></span><span class="badge" id="attn-badge" hidden></span></button>
+  <button class="tab" role="tab" id="t-batt" aria-controls="s-batt" aria-selected="false" data-hash="batteries" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" aria-hidden="true"><rect x="3" y="7" width="16" height="10" rx="2"/><path d="M21 11v2"/><rect x="5.5" y="9.5" width="7" height="5" fill="currentColor" stroke="none"/></svg><span data-t="tabs.batteries"></span></button>
+  <button class="tab" role="tab" id="t-set" aria-controls="s-set" aria-selected="false" data-hash="settings" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M4 6h10M18 6h2M4 12h4M12 12h8M4 18h12M20 18h0"/><circle cx="16" cy="6" r="2"/><circle cx="10" cy="12" r="2"/><circle cx="18" cy="18" r="2"/></svg><span data-t="tabs.settings"></span></button>
+  <button class="tab" role="tab" id="t-wiz" aria-controls="s-wiz" aria-selected="false" data-hash="setup" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M14 7l3 3M5 19l9.5-9.5 3 3L8 22H5z"/><path d="M19 2v4M17 4h4"/></svg><span data-t="tabs.setup"></span></button>
+</nav>
+
+<main class="wrap">
+
+<section class="screen" id="s-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="t-home">
+  <div id="home-banner"></div>
+
+  <div class="card" id="c-now">
+    <div class="row spread"><h2 data-t="now.name"></h2><span class="tiny muted" data-t="now.description"></span></div>
+    <div class="tiles">
+      <div class="tile"><div class="lab"><span class="sw-solar" aria-hidden="true">&#9728;</span><span data-t="now.solar"></span></div><div class="val" id="v-solar">–</div><div class="sub" id="sub-solar"></div></div>
+      <div class="tile"><div class="lab"><span class="sw-house" aria-hidden="true">&#8962;</span><span data-t="now.house"></span></div><div class="val" id="v-house">–</div><div class="sub" id="sub-house"></div></div>
+      <div class="tile"><div class="lab"><span class="sw-grid" aria-hidden="true">&#8645;</span><span data-t="now.grid"></span></div><div class="val" id="v-grid">–</div><div class="sub" id="sub-grid"></div></div>
+      <div class="tile"><div class="lab"><span class="sw-batt" aria-hidden="true">&#9646;</span><span data-t="now.batteries"></span></div><div class="val" id="v-batt">–</div><div class="sub" id="sub-batt"></div></div>
+    </div>
+    <div id="home-batts" style="margin-top:6px"></div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="card" id="c-plan">
+    <div class="row spread"><h2 data-t="plan.name"></h2><span class="chip tiny muted" id="verdict"></span></div>
+    <div class="small" id="plan-head"></div>
+    <div class="chart" id="chart">
+      <div class="bars" id="bars" role="group"></div>
+      <div id="lanes"></div>
+      <div class="nowline" id="nowline" aria-hidden="true"><span data-t="plan.now"></span></div>
+      <div class="axis" aria-hidden="true"><span>00:00</span><span>06:00</span><span>12:00</span><span>18:00</span><span>24:00</span></div>
+    </div>
+    <p class="tiny muted" id="no-prices" hidden data-t="plan.no_prices.description"></p>
+    <div class="legend" id="legend"></div>
+    <p class="tiny muted" style="margin:6px 0 0" data-t="plan.description"></p>
+    <h3 class="sr" data-t="plan.list"></h3>
+    <ul class="plain small" id="plan-list"></ul>
+    <p class="tiny muted" style="margin:8px 0 0" id="price-line"></p>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="card" id="c-peak">
+    <div class="row spread"><h2 data-t="peak.name"></h2><span class="tiny muted" id="peak-month"></span></div>
+    <div class="row spread small" id="peak-figures"><span><span data-t="peak.this_month"></span>: <strong id="peak-now"></strong></span><span class="muted"><span data-t="peak.limit"></span> <span id="peak-limit"></span></span></div>
+    <div class="meter" id="peak-meter" role="img"><i style="width:0%"></i></div>
+    <div class="tiny muted" id="peak-line"></div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="card" id="c-attn">
+    <div class="row spread"><h2 data-t="attention.name"></h2><span class="tiny muted" id="attn-count"></span></div>
+    <div id="alerts"></div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="card" id="c-ctl">
+    <h2 data-t="control.name"></h2>
+    <div class="small" id="ctl-text"></div>
+    <div class="row" style="margin-top:10px">
+      <button class="btn" id="btn-ctl" type="button"></button>
+      <a class="small" id="docs-link" hidden target="_top" rel="noopener" data-t="control.docs"></a>
+    </div>
+    <div class="tiny muted" id="hint" aria-live="polite" style="margin-top:8px"></div>
+    <details class="more">
+      <summary data-t="control.more"></summary>
+      <div class="row" style="padding-bottom:6px">
+        <button class="btn" id="btn-maint" type="button" data-t="control.maint_start"></button>
+        <button class="btn danger" id="btn-abort" type="button" data-t="control.maint_abort"></button>
+      </div>
+    </details>
+  </div>
+
+  <details class="card more" id="c-details">
+    <summary data-t="details.name"></summary>
+    <table class="rows" id="rows"></table>
+    <h2 style="margin-top:12px" data-t="details.checks"></h2>
+    <ul class="checks" id="checks"></ul>
+  </details>
+</section>
+
+<section class="screen" id="s-batt" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="t-batt" hidden>
+  <div id="bcards"></div>
+  <div class="card">
+    <p class="small muted" style="margin:0 0 10px" data-t="batteries.description"></p>
+    <a class="btn" href="config" data-t="batteries.settings"></a>
+  </div>
+</section>
+
+<section class="screen" id="s-set" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="t-set" hidden>
+  <div class="card">
+    <h2 data-t="settings.name"></h2>
+    <p class="small muted" data-t="settings.description"></p>
+    <p class="small" id="set-region" hidden></p>
+    <a class="btn primary" href="config" data-t="settings.open"></a>
+  </div>
+</section>
+
+<section class="screen" id="s-wiz" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="t-wiz" hidden>
+  <div class="card">
+    <h2 data-t="setup.name"></h2>
+    <p class="small muted" data-t="setup.description"></p>
+    <a class="btn" href="config" data-t="settings.open"></a>
+  </div>
+</section>
+</main>
+
+<dialog id="dlg" aria-labelledby="dlg-t" aria-describedby="dlg-b">
+  <h2 id="dlg-t"></h2>
+  <p class="small" id="dlg-b"></p>
+  <div class="row" style="justify-content:flex-end">
+    <button class="btn" id="dlg-no" type="button" data-t="dialog.cancel"></button>
+    <button class="btn primary" id="dlg-yes" type="button"></button>
+  </div>
+</dialog>
+<div id="toast" role="status" aria-live="polite"></div>
+<div id="tip" class="tip" aria-hidden="true"></div>
+
+<script type="application/json" id="ui-text">/*UI_TEXT*/</script>
+<script>/*APP_JS*/</script>
+</body>
+</html>

goodwe_controller/app/ui_text/en.json

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+  "groups": {
+    "meter": {"name": "Meter", "description": "Where the grid reading comes from."},
+    "inverters": {"name": "Inverters and batteries", "description": "The inverters the add-on controls, and your solar."},
+    "tariff": {"name": "Tariff and prices", "description": "What you pay and are paid per kWh."},
+    "safety": {"name": "Safety limits", "description": "The peak limit, starting and stopping, and the safety stops."},
+    "maintenance": {"name": "Maintenance", "description": "The monthly battery cycle and the log."},
+    "tuning": {"name": "Control tuning", "description": "For support only, because these were measured on real hardware."}
+  },
+  "parts": {
+    "meter.timing": {"name": "Timing"},
+    "inverters.solar": {"name": "Solar"},
+    "tariff.selling": {"name": "Charging and selling on price"},
+    "tariff.feed": {"name": "Price feed details"},
+    "safety.peak": {"name": "Peak limit"},
+    "safety.start": {"name": "Starting and stopping"},
+    "safety.stops": {"name": "Safety stops", "description": "Measured on real hardware, so leave them unchanged."},
+    "maintenance.support": {"name": "Support"}
+  },
+  "fields": {
+    "solar": {"name": "Solar inverters", "description": "Each solar inverter's power sensor, which the add-on records but does not use for control."},
+    "contract": {"name": "Your contract", "description": "How your supplier prices each kWh you take from the grid."},
+    "region": {"name": "Region", "description": "Fills in grid costs, levies and VAT for the year shown, but not yet for Wallonia or Brussels, so check your bill."},
+    "fallback": {"name": "Price when the feed is down", "description": "Used when the price source does not answer."},
+    "fixed_price": {"name": "Price per kWh, all in", "description": "Energy, supplier costs, grid costs, levies and VAT together."},
+    "day_price": {"name": "Day price, weekdays 07:00 to 22:00", "description": "All in, as on your bill."},
+    "night_price": {"name": "Night and weekend price", "description": "All in, as on your bill."}
+  },
+  "choices": {
+    "contract": {"none": "No prices", "fixed": "Fixed price", "daynight": "Day and night", "dynamic": "Dynamic, hourly", "custom": "Other time windows"},
+    "fallback": {"none": "None", "fixed": "One price", "daynight": "Day and night", "custom": "Other time windows"},
+    "region": {"flanders": "Flanders, Fluvius Antwerpen", "own": "I enter my own figure"}
+  },
+  "applies": {
+    "restart": {"name": "Applies after a restart"},
+    "now": {"name": "Applies right away"}
+  },
+  "home": {
+    "app": {"name": "Battery add-on"},
+    "tabs": {"home": "Home", "batteries": "Batteries", "settings": "Settings", "setup": "Setup", "label": "Screens"},
+    "now": {"name": "Now", "description": "Updated every 3 seconds.", "solar": "Solar", "house": "House", "grid": "Grid", "batteries": "Batteries"},
+    "plan": {
+      "name": "Today's plan",
+      "description": "Point at a bar or a block for details, or tap it on a phone.",
+      "cheap": "Low price",
+      "dear": "High price",
+      "estimate": "Estimate",
+      "grid": "Charges from the grid",
+      "give": "Gives power",
+      "cycle": "Monthly battery cycle",
+      "peak": "Peak limit",
+      "house": "Follows the house",
+      "now": "now",
+      "time_to": "to",
+      "per_kwh": "per kWh",
+      "cheap_tip": "low for today",
+      "dear_tip": "high for today",
+      "estimate_tip": "estimate from yesterday",
+      "none_tip": "No price known",
+      "no_prices": {"description": "No prices for today, so the chart shows only the plan."},
+      "list": "The plan in words"
+    },
+    "peak": {"name": "Peak limit", "this_month": "This month's peak", "limit": "Limit", "none": "None recorded yet", "unreadable": "Cannot be read now"},
+    "attention": {"name": "Needs attention", "nothing": "Nothing to look at", "to_look": "to look at", "details": "Details", "alarm": "Alarm", "warning": "Warning", "info": "Info"},
+    "control": {"name": "Control", "stop": "Stop control", "start": "Start control", "maint_start": "Start a battery cycle now", "maint_abort": "Stop the battery cycle", "docs": "Add-on documentation", "more": "More actions"},
+    "details": {"name": "Details for installers", "rows": "Status rows", "checks": "Checks", "event": "Last event"},
+    "dialog": {
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "stop": {"name": "Stop control?", "description": "Every inverter is set to 0 W until you start control again.", "yes": "Stop control"},
+      "start": {"name": "Start control?", "description": "The add-on controls the batteries again and clears any safety stop.", "yes": "Start control"},
+      "maint_start": {"name": "Start a battery cycle?", "description": "The battery empties, refills and holds full, which takes a few hours.", "yes": "Start the cycle"},
+      "maint_abort": {"name": "Stop the battery cycle?", "description": "Every inverter is set to 0 W for a moment, then control carries on.", "yes": "Stop the cycle"}
+    },
+    "toast": {"started": "Control started.", "stopped": "Control stopped.", "done": "Done.", "failed": "That did not work. Try again."},
+    "offline": {"name": "Cannot reach the add-on", "description": "The page tries again every 3 seconds."},
+    "batteries": {"name": "Batteries", "description": "Battery modes and on and off switches arrive in a later update.", "level": "Level", "now": "Now", "stored": "Stored", "mode": "Mode", "settings": "Change inverter settings"},
+    "settings": {"name": "Settings", "description": "The new settings screens arrive in a later update, so use the settings page for now.", "open": "Open the settings page"},
+    "setup": {"name": "Setup", "description": "The setup steps arrive in a later update, so use the settings page for now."}
+  }
+}

goodwe_controller/app/uilayout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+"""UX-13: the new page's layout, written once - screen, group, field.
+
+UI code names option keys only here and in uimodel.py, which holds the
+derivations this table lists (DECISIONS/UX-13-one-layout-table.md, amending
+UX-02 §3). Everything else stays where UX-02 put it: ranges in config.yaml's
+schema, rules in validate.py. test_uilayout.py fails CI when an option in
+config.yaml has no place here.
+
+A field's `key` is an option key, `inverters.<field>` for one inverter in the
+list, or `ui.<name>` for a page-only control that uimodel.py turns into options.
+The key is also its text key: label and help are translations/*.yaml's entry
+for an option, and app/ui_text's `fields.<name>` for a `ui.` field.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+RESTART = "restart"         # stored options apply after a restart (UX-02 §5)
+NOW = "now"                 # runtime state (OPT-11's battery switches), none yet
+
+# Controls are names, not string literals, so a key is never followed by a
+# constant (test_defaults_pin.py reads `f("key", <constant>)` as a fallback).
+CHOICE, ENTITY, ENTITY_LIST, TOGGLE, SEGMENTED, SLIDER = (
+    "choice", "entity", "entity_list", "toggle", "segmented", "slider")
+NUMBER, TEXT, SELECT, LOCKED, INVERTER_LIST, SOLAR_LIST = (
+    "number", "text", "select", "locked", "inverter_list", "solar_list")
+CONTROLS = (CHOICE, ENTITY, ENTITY_LIST, TOGGLE, SEGMENTED, SLIDER, NUMBER,
+            TEXT, SELECT, LOCKED, INVERTER_LIST, SOLAR_LIST)
+# What an entity picker offers first. `power_w` is a power sensor the add-on
+# reads as watts with no unit conversion, so validate.py warns on a kW sensor.
+ENTITY_KINDS = ("power_w", "power", "energy", "pct", "number", "any")
+SHOW_OPS = ("==", "!=", "in", ">", "<")
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Field:
+    key: str
+    control: str
+    unit: str = ""
+    scale: int = 1              # shown = stored / scale (the peak limit in kW)
+    step: float = 0             # slider or number step, stored units; 0 = 1
+    kind: str = ""              # entity picker filter, one of ENTITY_KINDS
+    show: tuple = ()            # ((name, op, value), ...), all must hold
+    applies: str = RESTART
+    simple: bool = False        # also on Settings, Simple
+    wizard: int = 0             # setup wizard step 1-6, 0 = not in the wizard
+
+    @property
+    def text(self) -> str:
+        """Where the label and help live: `translations` or `ui_text`."""
+        return "ui_text" if self.key.startswith("ui.") else "translations"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Part:
+    id: str                     # "" is the group's main part
+    fields: tuple
+    collapsed: bool = False
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Group:
+    id: str
+    parts: tuple
+    support_only: bool = False  # collapsed, with a "for support" warning
+
+
+def _src(*values):
+    return (("meter_source", "in", values),)
+
+
+_DYNAMIC = (("ui.contract", "==", "dynamic"),)
+_MAINT = (("maintenance_enabled", "==", True),)
+_ONE = (("inverter_count", "==", 1),)
+_SEVERAL = (("inverter_count", ">", 1),)
+_PHASES = (("meter_phases", ">", 1),)
+
+# The per-inverter card. Its keys are `inverters.<field>` in config.yaml.
+ROSTER_FIELDS = (
+    Field("inverters.name", TEXT, wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.setpoint_entity", ENTITY, kind="number", wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.max_w", SLIDER, "W", step=100, wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.bms_soc_floor", SLIDER, "%", wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.soc_entity", ENTITY, kind="pct", wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.batt_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w", wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.batt_invert", TOGGLE, wizard=2),
+    Field("inverters.capacity_kwh", NUMBER, "kWh", step=0.1, wizard=2),
+)
+
+GROUPS = (
+    Group("meter", (
+        Part("", (
+            Field("meter_source", CHOICE, wizard=1),
+            Field("meter_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w", show=_src("off"),
+                  wizard=1),
+            Field("meter_invert", TOGGLE, show=_src("off"), wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_net_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_signed"), wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_import_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_dsmr"), wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_export_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_dsmr"), wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_host", TEXT, show=_src("homewizard_local"), wizard=1),
+            Field("meter_mqtt_topic", TEXT, show=_src("mqtt_p1"), wizard=1),
+            Field("meter_phases", SEGMENTED, wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_phase_net_entities", ENTITY_LIST, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_signed") + _PHASES, wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_phase_import_entities", ENTITY_LIST, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_dsmr") + _PHASES, wizard=1),
+            Field("p1_phase_export_entities", ENTITY_LIST, kind="power_w",
+                  show=_src("ha_dsmr") + _PHASES, wizard=1),
+        )),
+        Part("timing", (
+            Field("meter_max_age_s", SLIDER, "s", step=5),
+            Field("meter_poll_s", SLIDER, "s",
+                  show=_src("homewizard_local")),
+        ), collapsed=True),
+    )),
+    Group("inverters", (
+        Part("", (Field("inverters", INVERTER_LIST, wizard=2),)),
+        # pv.py reads each entity's own unit, so a kW sensor is fine here.
+        Part("solar", (Field("ui.solar", SOLAR_LIST, kind="power",
+                             wizard=3),)),
+    )),
+    Group("tariff", (
+        Part("", (
+            Field("ui.contract", SEGMENTED, wizard=4),
+            Field("price_provider", SELECT, show=_DYNAMIC, wizard=4),
+            Field("price_formula", TEXT,
+                  show=_DYNAMIC + (("price_provider", "==", "custom_formula"),),
+                  wizard=4),
+            Field("price_csv_path", TEXT,
+                  show=_DYNAMIC + (("price_provider", "==", "manual_csv"),),
+                  wizard=4),
+            Field("ui.region", SELECT, wizard=4),
+            Field("price_taxes_eur_kwh", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.00001,
+                  wizard=4),
+            Field("price_markup_eur_kwh", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.001,
+                  show=_DYNAMIC, wizard=4),
+            Field("export_price_eur_kwh", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.001,
+                  wizard=4),
+            Field("price_export_formula", TEXT),
+            Field("ui.fallback", SEGMENTED, show=_DYNAMIC, wizard=4),
+            Field("ui.fixed_price", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.01,
+                  show=(("ui.fallback", "==", "fixed"),), wizard=4),
+            Field("ui.day_price", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.01,
+                  show=(("ui.fallback", "==", "daynight"),), wizard=4),
+            Field("ui.night_price", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.01,
+                  show=(("ui.fallback", "==", "daynight"),), wizard=4),
+        )),
+        Part("selling", (
+            # OPT-11: derived from the batteries' selling switches once battery
+            # modes exist (uimodel.arbitrage_from_batteries). A toggle until then.
+            Field("arbitrage_enabled", TOGGLE),
+            Field("cycle_cost_threshold_eur", NUMBER, "€/kWh", step=0.01),
+            Field("arbitrage_soc_floor", SLIDER, "%"),
+            Field("arbitrage_soc_ceiling", SLIDER, "%"),
+        )),
+        Part("feed", (
+            Field("price_feed_url", TEXT, show=_DYNAMIC),
+            Field("price_horizon_h", SLIDER, "h", show=_DYNAMIC),
+            Field("price_timeout_s", SLIDER, "s", show=_DYNAMIC),
+            Field("price_now_entity", ENTITY, kind="any"),
+            Field("price_avg_entity", ENTITY, kind="any"),
+        ), collapsed=True),
+    )),
+    Group("safety", (
+        Part("peak", (
+            Field("peak_cap_w", SLIDER, "kW", scale=1000, step=100,
+                  simple=True, wizard=5),
+            Field("peak_forecast_entity", ENTITY, kind="power_w", wizard=5),
+            Field("peak_soc_floor", LOCKED, "%"),
+        )),
+        Part("start", (
+            Field("shadow_mode", SEGMENTED, simple=True, wizard=6),
+            Field("auto_start", TOGGLE),
+            Field("estop_fitted", TOGGLE),
+            Field("stale_input_s", SLIDER, "s"),
+            Field("meter_freeze_s", SLIDER, "s", step=30,
+                  show=_src("homewizard_local")),
+        )),
+        Part("stops", (
+            Field("sign_disagree_w", LOCKED, "W", step=10, show=_ONE),
+            Field("sign_disagree_s", LOCKED, "s", step=5, show=_ONE),
+            Field("unit_sign_disagree_w", LOCKED, "W", step=10,
+                  show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("unit_sign_disagree_s", LOCKED, "s", step=5,
+                  show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("site_sign_disagree_w", LOCKED, "W", step=10,
+                  show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("site_sign_disagree_s", LOCKED, "s", step=5,
+                  show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("circulation_w", LOCKED, "W", step=10, show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("circulation_hold_s", LOCKED, "s", step=5, show=_SEVERAL),
+            Field("delivery_hold_s", LOCKED, "s", step=5, show=_SEVERAL),
+        ), collapsed=True),
+    )),
+    Group("maintenance", (
+        Part("", (
+            Field("maintenance_enabled", TOGGLE),
+            Field("maintenance_interval_days", SLIDER, "days", show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_start_hour", SELECT, show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_discharge_w", SLIDER, "W", step=100,
+                  show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_charge_w", SLIDER, "W", step=100,
+                  show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_soc_floor", SLIDER, "%", show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_soc_target", SLIDER, "%", show=_MAINT),
+            Field("maintenance_hold_min", SLIDER, "min", step=5,
+                  show=_MAINT),
+        )),
+        Part("support", (Field("log_level", SELECT),)),
+    )),
+    Group("tuning", (
+        Part("", (
+            Field("gain", LOCKED, step=0.05),
+            Field("slew_w", LOCKED, "W", step=50),
+            Field("deadband_w", LOCKED, "W"),
+            Field("target_grid_w", LOCKED, "W"),
+            Field("step_w", LOCKED, "W"),
+            Field("saturation_w", LOCKED, "W", step=10),
+            Field("saturation_cycles", LOCKED),
+            Field("integrator_max_w", LOCKED, "W", step=100),
+            Field("heartbeat_s", LOCKED, "s"),
+            Field("cycle_floor_s", LOCKED, "s"),
+        )),
+    ), support_only=True),
+)
+
+# Option keys the page never shows. uimodel.py writes each from page fields.
+DERIVED = {
+    "setpoint_entity": "inverters",       # one inverter, stored flat
+    "soc_entity": "inverters",
+    "batt_entity": "inverters",
+    "batt_invert": "inverters",
+    "max_w": "inverters",
+    "bms_soc_floor": "inverters",
+    "pv_entity": "ui.solar",              # one solar row, stored flat
+    "pv_entities": "ui.solar",
+    "pv_invert_entities": "ui.solar",     # the rows' "reads negative" toggles
+    "static_profile": "ui.fallback",      # built from the price fields
+    "price_taxes_profile": "ui.region",   # a preset writes it, "own" keeps it
+}
+# Option keys the page never shows and never writes: passed through as stored.
+HIDDEN: dict = {}
+
+
+def fields():
+    """Every field once, in page order, roster fields after `inverters`."""
+    for group in GROUPS:
+        for part in group.parts:
+            for field in part.fields:
+                yield group, part, field
+                if field.control == INVERTER_LIST:
+                    for sub in ROSTER_FIELDS:
+                        yield group, part, sub
+
+
+def field(key: str) -> Field | None:
+    return next((f for _g, _p, f in fields() if f.key == key), None)
+
+
+def visible(fld: Field, model: dict) -> bool:
+    """Whether `fld` is shown for this page model (uimodel.options_to_ui)."""
+    for name, op, value in fld.show:
+        have = model.get(name)
+        if op == "==" and have != value:
+            return False
+        if op == "!=" and have == value:
+            return False
+        if op == "in" and have not in value:
+            return False
+        try:
+            if op == ">" and not float(have) > value:
+                return False
+            if op == "<" and not float(have) < value:
+                return False
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def range_of(key: str, schema_ui: list):
+    """(min, max) from the Supervisor's schema (`info["schema"]`), or None.
+
+    Never typed here: config.yaml is the one place a range is written. A range
+    arrives as lengthMin/lengthMax (tools/supervisor_selfapi_probe.py)."""
+    path = key.split(".")
+    nodes = schema_ui or []
+    for step in path[:-1]:
+        parent = next((n for n in nodes if n.get("name") == step), None)
+        nodes = (parent or {}).get("schema") or []
+    node = next((n for n in nodes if n.get("name") == path[-1]), None)
+    if not node or "lengthMin" not in node or "lengthMax" not in node:
+        return None
+    return node["lengthMin"], node["lengthMax"]

goodwe_controller/app/uimodel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+"""UX-13: stored options <-> the page model, for the keys the page derives.
+
+`options_to_ui()` turns the stored blob into what the page edits: always a list
+of inverter cards, solar rows with a "reads negative" toggle, a contract and
+simple prices instead of `static_profile` JSON, and a region preset instead of
+the levies figure. `ui_to_options()` turns it back, so the validator and the
+Supervisor always see the real blob.
+
+The rule that makes the round trip exact: the model carries the stored values
+of the derived keys (`keep`). A derivation whose page fields still read what
+`keep` decodes to writes `keep` back untouched, and only an edited one is
+re-encoded. So a blob the page cannot express (a `static_profile` with odd
+windows, a malformed roster) survives a save of some other field unchanged.
+See DECISIONS/UX-13-one-layout-table.md.
+"""
+
+import copy
+import json
+
+from .price import FLEMISH_TAXES_COMPONENTS_EUR_KWH
+from .static_tariff import ProfileInvalid, parse_static_profile
+
+__all__ = ["options_to_ui", "ui_to_options", "REGION_PRESETS",
+           "arbitrage_from_batteries", "DeriveError"]
+
+
+class DeriveError(ValueError):
+    """The page model asks for something no options blob can say."""
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Region presets for "Grid costs, levies and VAT". Year-stamped, updated each
+# January (owner, 2026-09-27). Only presets with a sourced figure are listed:
+# Flanders is app/price.py's Fluvius Antwerpen sum (TARIFF-18: Eneco
+# residential card, Flanders, September 2026, VAT included). Wallonia and
+# Brussels have a day and a night band (config.yaml) and join with sourced
+# figures; until then those sites choose "own".
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+REGION_PRESETS = {
+    "flanders": {
+        "year": 2026,
+        "taxes_eur_kwh": round(sum(v for _n, v in
+                                   FLEMISH_TAXES_COMPONENTS_EUR_KWH), 5),
+        "taxes_profile": "",
+    },
+}
+OWN = "own"
+
+_ROSTER_FLAT = ("setpoint_entity", "soc_entity", "batt_entity", "batt_invert",
+                "max_w", "bms_soc_floor")
+_TOL = 1e-9
+
+
+def _blank(v) -> bool:
+    return v is None or (isinstance(v, str) and not v.strip())
+
+
+def _num(v):
+    try:
+        return None if _blank(v) or isinstance(v, bool) else float(v)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+
+
+# --- 1. one inverter (flat keys) or the `inverters` list -------------------- #
+def _roster_decode(o):
+    entries = o.get("inverters")
+    if entries is None or entries == "" or entries == []:
+        card = {k: o.get(k) for k in _ROSTER_FLAT}
+        card.update(name="", capacity_kwh=None)
+        return {"inverter_shape": "flat", "inverters": [card]}
+    if isinstance(entries, list) and all(isinstance(e, dict) for e in entries):
+        return {"inverter_shape": "list",
+                "inverters": [dict(e) for e in entries]}
+    # Not something a card can show: edited in the Configuration tab only.
+    return {"inverter_shape": "raw", "inverters": None}
+
+
+def _roster_encode(m, keep):
+    out = {}
+    shape, cards = m.get("inverter_shape"), m.get("inverters")
+    if shape == "raw":
+        raise DeriveError("the inverter list is edited in the Configuration tab")
+    if not cards:
+        raise DeriveError("at least one inverter is needed")
+    if shape == "flat" and len(cards) == 1:
+        card = cards[0]
+        if not _blank(card.get("name")) or not _blank(card.get("capacity_kwh")):
+            raise DeriveError("one inverter stored flat has no name or capacity")
+        for k in _ROSTER_FLAT:
+            if card.get(k) is not None or k in keep:
+                out[k] = card.get(k)
+        out["inverters"] = []
+        return out
+    out["inverters"] = [{k: v for k, v in c.items() if v is not None}
+                        for c in cards]
+    # The flat keys beside a list are not read: they stay as stored.
+    out.update({k: copy.deepcopy(keep[k]) for k in _ROSTER_FLAT if k in keep})
+    if shape == "flat":
+        # CFG-04 rule 9e: a flat power request entity beside a list is refused.
+        out["setpoint_entity"] = ""
+    return out
+
+
+# --- 2. solar rows: pv_entity / pv_entities / pv_invert_entities ------------ #
+def _strs(v):
+    return [str(x).strip() for x in (v if isinstance(v, list) else [])
+            if not _blank(x)]
+
+
+def _solar_rows(o):
+    listed = _strs(o.get("pv_entities"))
+    if listed:
+        return listed, True
+    one = "" if _blank(o.get("pv_entity")) else str(o.get("pv_entity")).strip()
+    return ([one] if one else []), False
+
+
+def _solar_decode(o):
+    rows, _listed = _solar_rows(o)
+    flipped = set(_strs(o.get("pv_invert_entities")))
+    return {"ui.solar": [{"entity": e, "reversed": e in flipped}
+                         for e in rows]}
+
+
+def _solar_encode(m, keep):
+    out = {}
+    rows = [r for r in (m.get("ui.solar") or [])
+            if not _blank(r.get("entity"))]
+    entities = [str(r["entity"]).strip() for r in rows]
+    old_rows, was_list = _solar_rows(keep)
+    if len(entities) <= 1 and not was_list:
+        out["pv_entity"] = entities[0] if entities else ""
+        if "pv_entities" in keep:
+            out["pv_entities"] = []
+    else:
+        out["pv_entities"] = entities
+        if "pv_entity" in keep:
+            out["pv_entity"] = ""       # TEL-12: the list replaces it
+    # Flips of entities that were never a row stay as stored (pv.stray_inverts
+    # reports them). Flips of removed rows go with the row.
+    extras = [x for x in _strs(keep.get("pv_invert_entities"))
+              if x not in old_rows and x not in entities]
+    flips = [e for e, r in zip(entities, rows) if r.get("reversed")] + extras
+    if flips or "pv_invert_entities" in keep:
+        out["pv_invert_entities"] = flips
+    return out
+
+
+# --- 3. contract and static_profile ----------------------------------------- #
+def _fixed_json(price) -> str:
+    return json.dumps({"periods": [
+        {"name": "all", "from": "00:00", "to": "24:00", "days": "mon-sun",
+         "eur_per_kwh": price}]})
+
+
+def _daynight_json(day, night) -> str:
+    return json.dumps({"periods": [
+        {"name": "day", "from": "07:00", "to": "22:00", "days": "mon-fri",
+         "eur_per_kwh": day},
+        {"name": "night", "from": "22:00", "to": "07:00", "days": "mon-fri",
+         "eur_per_kwh": night},
+        {"name": "night", "from": "00:00", "to": "24:00", "days": "sat,sun",
+         "eur_per_kwh": night}]})
+
+
+def _shape(text):
+    """The periods of a profile without their names, for comparing, or None."""
+    try:
+        prof = parse_static_profile(text)
+    except ProfileInvalid:
+        return None
+    if prof is None:
+        return ()
+    return tuple(sorted((p.start_min, p.end_min, tuple(sorted(p.days)),
+                         p.eur_per_kwh) for p in prof.periods))
+
+
+def _profile_decode(raw):
+    """("none"|"fixed"|"daynight"|"custom", fixed, day, night)."""
+    if isinstance(raw, str) and _blank(raw):
+        return "none", None, None, None
+    if not isinstance(raw, str):
+        return "custom", None, None, None
+    got = _shape(raw)
+    if not got:
+        return ("none" if got == () else "custom"), None, None, None
+    if len(got) == 1 and got == _shape(_fixed_json(got[0][3])):
+        return "fixed", got[0][3], None, None
+    day = next((p[3] for p in got if p[:2] == (420, 1320)), None)
+    night = next((p[3] for p in got if p[:2] == (1320, 420)), None)
+    if (day is not None and night is not None
+            and got == _shape(_daynight_json(day, night))):
+        return "daynight", None, day, night
+    return "custom", None, None, None
+
+
+def _tariff_decode(o):
+    kind, fixed, day, night = _profile_decode(o.get("static_profile", ""))
+    provider = o.get("price_provider")
+    dynamic = not _blank(provider) and provider != "off"
+    return {"ui.contract": "dynamic" if dynamic else kind,
+            "price_provider": provider, "ui.fallback": kind,
+            "ui.fixed_price": fixed, "ui.day_price": day,
+            "ui.night_price": night}
+
+
+def _tariff_encode(m, keep):
+    out = {}
+    contract = m.get("ui.contract")
+    if contract == "dynamic":
+        if _blank(m.get("price_provider")) or m.get("price_provider") == "off":
+            raise DeriveError("a dynamic contract needs a price source")
+        out["price_provider"] = m["price_provider"]
+        kind = m.get("ui.fallback")
+    else:
+        out["price_provider"] = "off"
+        kind = contract
+    if kind == "none":
+        out["static_profile"] = ""
+    elif kind == "fixed":
+        out["static_profile"] = _fixed_json(_price_of(m, "ui.fixed_price"))
+    elif kind == "daynight":
+        out["static_profile"] = _daynight_json(_price_of(m, "ui.day_price"),
+                                               _price_of(m, "ui.night_price"))
+    elif kind == "custom":
+        if "static_profile" not in keep:
+            raise DeriveError("odd tariff windows are edited in the "
+                              "Configuration tab")
+        out["static_profile"] = keep["static_profile"]
+    else:
+        raise DeriveError(f"unknown contract {kind!r}")
+    return out
+
+
+def _price_of(m, name):
+    value = _num(m.get(name))
+    if value is None:
+        raise DeriveError(f"{name} needs a price")
+    return value
+
+
+# --- 4. region preset -> price_taxes_eur_kwh / price_taxes_profile ---------- #
+def _region_decode(o):
+    taxes, profile = o.get("price_taxes_eur_kwh"), o.get("price_taxes_profile", "")
+    region = OWN
+    for rid, p in REGION_PRESETS.items():
+        same = _num(taxes) is not None and abs(_num(taxes) - p["taxes_eur_kwh"]) < _TOL
+        if same and str(profile or "").strip() == p["taxes_profile"]:
+            region = rid
+    return {"ui.region": region, "price_taxes_eur_kwh": taxes}
+
+
+def _region_encode(m, keep):
+    region = m.get("ui.region")
+    if region == OWN:
+        out = {"price_taxes_eur_kwh": m.get("price_taxes_eur_kwh")}
+        if "price_taxes_profile" in keep:       # "own" keeps the stored table
+            out["price_taxes_profile"] = keep["price_taxes_profile"]
+        return out
+    if region not in REGION_PRESETS:
+        raise DeriveError(f"unknown region {region!r}")
+    p = REGION_PRESETS[region]
+    out = {"price_taxes_eur_kwh": p["taxes_eur_kwh"]}
+    if p["taxes_profile"] or "price_taxes_profile" in keep:
+        out["price_taxes_profile"] = p["taxes_profile"]
+    return out
+
+
+# --- 5. arbitrage_enabled: the OPT-11 hook ---------------------------------- #
+def arbitrage_from_batteries(m):
+    """OPT-11 hook. With battery modes on, `arbitrage_enabled` is true when any
+    battery may sell. Battery modes are not built yet, so this returns None and
+    the toggle is stored as the page has it: no behaviour change."""
+    return None
+
+
+def _arbitrage_decode(o):
+    return {"arbitrage_enabled": o.get("arbitrage_enabled")}
+
+
+def _arbitrage_encode(m, keep):
+    derived = arbitrage_from_batteries(m)
+    value = m.get("arbitrage_enabled") if derived is None else derived
+    return {} if value is None and "arbitrage_enabled" not in keep \
+        else {"arbitrage_enabled": value}
+
+
+# (option keys it writes, decode, encode). Each is independent of the others.
+DERIVATIONS = (
+    (("inverters",) + _ROSTER_FLAT, _roster_decode, _roster_encode),
+    (("pv_entity", "pv_entities", "pv_invert_entities"), _solar_decode,
+     _solar_encode),
+    (("price_provider", "static_profile"), _tariff_decode, _tariff_encode),
+    (("price_taxes_eur_kwh", "price_taxes_profile"), _region_decode,
+     _region_encode),
+    (("arbitrage_enabled",), _arbitrage_decode, _arbitrage_encode),
+)
+_OWNED = {k for keys, _d, _e in DERIVATIONS for k in keys}
+_MODEL_ONLY = ("keep", "inverter_shape", "inverter_count", "region_year")
+
+
+def options_to_ui(options: dict) -> dict:
+    """The page model for a stored blob. Pure: reads nothing else."""
+    model = {k: copy.deepcopy(v) for k, v in options.items()
+             if k not in _OWNED}
+    for _keys, decode, _encode in DERIVATIONS:
+        model.update(decode(options))
+    model["keep"] = {k: copy.deepcopy(options[k]) for k in _OWNED
+                     if k in options}
+    cards = model.get("inverters")
+    model["inverter_count"] = len(cards) if isinstance(cards, list) else None
+    preset = REGION_PRESETS.get(model["ui.region"])
+    model["region_year"] = preset["year"] if preset else None
+    return model
+
+
+def ui_to_options(model: dict) -> dict:
+    """The options blob for a page model. Raises DeriveError on a model no blob
+    can express, so the page says so instead of saving something else."""
+    keep = model.get("keep") or {}
+    out = {k: copy.deepcopy(v) for k, v in model.items()
+           if k not in _MODEL_ONLY and k not in _OWNED
+           and not k.startswith("ui.")}
+    for keys, decode, encode in DERIVATIONS:
+        was = decode(keep)
+        if all(model.get(name) == value for name, value in was.items()):
+            out.update({k: copy.deepcopy(keep[k]) for k in keys if k in keep})
+        else:
+            out.update(encode(model, keep))
+    return out

goodwe_controller/app/validate.py

@@ -321,8 +321,9 @@ WHAT IS DELIBERATELY *NOT* REFUSED, because it is untidy rather than unsafe:
 """
 
 import logging
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
-from . import messages
+from . import messages, pv
 from .arbitrage import enabled as arbitrage_on
 from .control import SLEW_RAIL_FRAC, LOOP_TICK_S, PLANT_SETTLE_S
 from .custom_formula import (
@@ -330,7 +331,8 @@ from .custom_formula import (
     parse_export_formula, parse_price_formula, stale_card)
 from .inverter import roster_entries
 from .maintenance import MAINT_OPTION_DEFAULTS
-from .p1 import is_enabled, validate_meter_options
+from .p1 import (
+    SOURCE_HA, SOURCE_HA_SIGNED, is_enabled, validate_meter_options)
 from .peakguard import PEAK_OPTION_DEFAULTS
 from .price import (
     PRICE_OPTION_DEFAULTS, PROVIDERS, RETIRED_PROVIDERS,
@@ -367,6 +369,22 @@ class _WarnOnce(logging.Filter):
 WARN_ONCE = _WarnOnce()
 _LOG.addFilter(WARN_ONCE)
 
+
+class Note(NamedTuple):
+    """UX-13: a warning or info for the settings page. Never a refusal: the
+    add-on starts. `keys` are the options it is about, so the page can show it
+    beside them."""
+    tier: str                   # "warn" or "info"
+    keys: tuple
+    text: str
+
+
+def _advise(notes, tier: str, keys, text: str) -> None:
+    """Add a Note when the caller collects them (the settings page)."""
+    if notes is not None:
+        notes.append(Note(tier, tuple(keys), text))
+
+
 # ⚠️ A MIRROR OF A FIRMWARE CONSTANT, AND IT CANNOT BE IMPORTED. The firmware
 # threshold is a compile-time YAML substitution baked into the ESP32 image
 # (`max_age_s: "30"`, master/goodwe-master-stage4-failsafe.yaml), so nothing at
@@ -789,7 +807,8 @@ class ConfigRefused(Exception):
         super().__init__(problems[0] if problems else "configuration refused")
 
 
-def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]:
+def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None,
+                            notes: list | None = None) -> list[str]:
     """Return the list of reasons this configuration must not be started.
 
     Empty list means go. `dev_min`/`dev_max` are the setpoint device's own
@@ -799,6 +818,9 @@ def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]
 
     Pure and side-effect free apart from two warnings, so it can be called from
     a test or from sim/inject.py without a Home Assistant anywhere near it.
+
+    UX-13: pass a list as `notes` to also get each logged warning as a `Note`
+    for the settings page. The refusals returned do not depend on it.
     """
     problems: list[str] = []
 
@@ -1127,7 +1149,7 @@ def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]
                 f"site. Set it to 0 or to at most {bound:.0f} W.")
 
     # --- 7. two price sources on one site ------------------------------------
-    problems.extend(_price_problems(opts))
+    problems.extend(_price_problems(opts, notes))
 
     # --- 8. an EMS energy floor the BMS does not already enforce -------------
     # ⚠️ THE FALLBACKS ARE peakguard.PEAK_OPTION_DEFAULTS, NOT LITERALS, and
@@ -1173,6 +1195,9 @@ def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]
             "integrator_max_w %.0f W is above max_w %.0f W. This is allowed, "
             "but it only adds overshoot, so 0 is recommended.",
             integ_w, max_w)
+        _advise(notes, "warn", ("integrator_max_w",),
+                f"{S('integrator_max_w')} is above {S('max_w')}, which only "
+                "adds overshoot, so set it to 0.")
 
     # ⚠️ THE SIBLING OF RULE 6, AND NOT THE SAME CASE - see the docstring. The
     # drain phase OWNS the actuator (`Claim.set` at P_MAINTENANCE), and a SET is
@@ -1197,6 +1222,10 @@ def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]
             "maintenance_discharge_w %.0f W is above max_w%s %.0f W, so "
             "draining runs at %.0f W. Lower it to %.0f W or raise max_w.",
             disch_w, maint_where, maint_cap, maint_cap, maint_cap)
+        _advise(notes, "warn", ("maintenance_discharge_w",),
+                f"{S('maintenance_discharge_w')} is above "
+                f"{S('max_w', maint_where)}, so the battery empties at "
+                f"{messages.watts(maint_cap)} and the cycle takes longer.")
         _LOG.debug(
             "Not refused: the drain phase sets the setpoint, the arbiter "
             "clamps it to %.0f W and names the clamp, and the drain phase has "
@@ -1205,7 +1234,7 @@ def validate_startup_config(opts: dict, dev_min=None, dev_max=None) -> list[str]
     return problems
 
 
-def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
+def _price_problems(opts: dict, notes: list | None = None) -> list[str]:
     """Rule 7 (TARIFF-02): the price configuration, refused where it is untrue.
 
     ⚠️ NOTE WHAT IS *NOT* HERE. `price_provider: "off"` is not refused and never
@@ -1423,6 +1452,9 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
                 "%s has negative levies %s EUR/kWh, which are subtracted from "
                 "the price. This is allowed, but it is usually a sign error.",
                 TAXES_PROFILE_OPTION, negative)
+            _advise(notes, "warn", (TAXES_PROFILE_OPTION,),
+                    f"{S(TAXES_PROFILE_OPTION)} has negative figures, which "
+                    "lower the price, and that is usually a sign error.")
 
     # ⚠️ TARIFF-15: THE FORMULA, GRADED AGAINST THE OPERATOR'S OWN CARD, AT
     # STARTUP RATHER THAN AT 03:00.
@@ -1478,6 +1510,10 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
                 "price_formula is filled in, but price_provider is %r, so the "
                 "formula is not used. Set price_provider to 'custom_formula' "
                 "or clear price_formula.", pid)
+            _advise(notes, "warn", ("price_formula", "price_provider"),
+                    f"{S('price_formula')} is not used, because "
+                    f"{S('price_provider')} is not 'custom_formula', so clear "
+                    "it or choose that source.")
         if spec is not None and pid == "custom_formula":
             taxes = _number(opts, "price_taxes_eur_kwh",
                             PRICE_OPTION_DEFAULTS["price_taxes_eur_kwh"])
@@ -1491,6 +1527,8 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
                 # exactly right and a site refused over one is a site that
                 # cannot start.
                 _LOG.warning("%s", aged)
+                _advise(notes, "warn", ("price_formula",),
+                        _card_note("price_formula", spec))
 
     # ⚠️ TARIFF-16: THE INJECTION LEG, REFUSED AT STARTUP ON THE SAME RULE.
     #
@@ -1571,6 +1609,9 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
                     "%.4g, offset %+.5f EUR/kWh).",
                     EXPORT_FORMULA_OPTION, xspec.passthrough,
                     xspec.offset_eur_kwh)
+                _advise(notes, "info", (EXPORT_FORMULA_OPTION,),
+                        f"{S(EXPORT_FORMULA_OPTION)} has no card block, so "
+                        "only the shape of its numbers is checked.")
                 _LOG.debug(
                     "Accepted because some suppliers (Eneco) print the "
                     "injection formula with no price beside it. If your card "
@@ -1582,6 +1623,8 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
                 xaged = stale_card(xspec)
                 if xaged:
                     _LOG.warning("%s", xaged)
+                    _advise(notes, "warn", (EXPORT_FORMULA_OPTION,),
+                            _card_note(EXPORT_FORMULA_OPTION, xspec))
 
     # ⚠️ A WARNING, NOT A REFUSAL, AND THE ASYMMETRY IS DELIBERATE. §11.4 says a
     # site with no price data falls back to the static profile; a dynamic site
@@ -1593,6 +1636,9 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
             "price_provider is %r but static_profile is empty, so a price "
             "feed outage leaves no tariff at all. Fill in static_profile as a "
             "fallback.", pid)
+        _advise(notes, "warn", ("static_profile",),
+                f"{S('static_profile')} is empty, so the site has no tariff "
+                "at all while the price feed is down.")
 
     # ⚠️ OPT-04. THE THREE WAYS `arbitrage_enabled: true` CAN BE A LIE, refused
     # rather than logged, because a strategy that is armed in the UI and cannot
@@ -1644,6 +1690,85 @@ def _price_problems(opts: dict) -> list[str]:
     return problems
 
 
+def _card_note(option: str, spec) -> str:
+    return (f"{S(option)} uses a tariff card dated {spec.card_month}, so copy "
+            "the new figures if your contract changed.")
+
+
+# UX-13: entity options whose number the add-on takes as watts, with no unit
+# conversion. pv.py converts each solar entity's own unit, so those are not here.
+WATT_ENTITY_KEYS = (
+    "meter_entity", "p1_net_entity", "p1_import_entity", "p1_export_entity",
+    "p1_phase_net_entities", "p1_phase_import_entities",
+    "p1_phase_export_entities", "batt_entity", "peak_forecast_entity")
+
+
+def _entities_read(opts: dict) -> list[tuple[str, str, str]]:
+    """(key, inverter name or "", entity id) for each entity the add-on reads
+    with these options. Keys the chosen meter source or roster shape ignores
+    are left out, so a stale default is not reported."""
+    out = []
+
+    def add(key, value, where=""):
+        for e in (value if isinstance(value, list) else [value]):
+            if isinstance(e, str) and e.strip():
+                out.append((key, where, e.strip()))
+
+    source = str(opts.get("meter_source") or "off").strip()
+    by_source = {"off": ("meter_entity",),
+                 SOURCE_HA_SIGNED: ("p1_net_entity", "p1_phase_net_entities"),
+                 SOURCE_HA: ("p1_import_entity", "p1_export_entity",
+                             "p1_phase_import_entities",
+                             "p1_phase_export_entities")}
+    for key in by_source.get(source, ()):
+        add(key, opts.get(key))
+    entries = roster_entries(opts)
+    if not entries:
+        for key in ("setpoint_entity", "soc_entity", "batt_entity"):
+            add(key, opts.get(key))
+    for i, entry in enumerate(entries):
+        if isinstance(entry, dict):
+            where = _unit_label(opts, i).strip().strip("()")
+            for key in ("setpoint_entity", "soc_entity", "batt_entity"):
+                add(key, entry.get(key), where)
+    solar = [e for e in (opts.get("pv_entities") or []) if str(e or "").strip()]
+    add("pv_entities" if solar else "pv_entity", list(pv.entities(opts)))
+    for key in ("peak_forecast_entity", "price_now_entity", "price_avg_entity"):
+        add(key, opts.get(key))
+    return out
+
+
+def config_notes(opts: dict, *, entities: dict | None = None,
+                 month_peak_w=None) -> list[Note]:
+    """UX-13: warnings that need live data, for the settings page. Never a
+    refusal, and nothing here changes what `validate_startup_config()` says.
+
+    `entities` is Home Assistant's entity list by id (app/haentities.py), or
+    None when it could not be read, in which case those checks are skipped.
+    `month_peak_w` is this month's peak so far, or None.
+    """
+    notes: list[Note] = []
+    if entities is not None:
+        for key, where, entity in _entities_read(opts):
+            row = entities.get(entity)
+            if row is None:
+                _advise(notes, "warn", (key,),
+                        f"Home Assistant has no entity {entity}, which "
+                        f"{S(key, where)} names.")
+                continue
+            unit = str(row.get("unit") or "")
+            if key in WATT_ENTITY_KEYS and unit in pv.WATTS_PER and unit != "W":
+                _advise(notes, "warn", (key,),
+                        f"{entity} reads in {unit}, but {S(key, where)} is "
+                        "taken as watts, so pick a sensor in W.")
+    cap = _number(opts, "peak_cap_w", None)
+    if month_peak_w is not None and cap is not None and cap < month_peak_w:
+        _advise(notes, "warn", ("peak_cap_w",),
+                f"This month's peak is already {messages.watts(month_peak_w)}, "
+                f"so a lower {S('peak_cap_w')} saves nothing until next month.")
+    return notes
+
+
 def _number(opts: dict, key, default):
     raw = opts.get(key, default)
     if raw is None or raw == "":

goodwe_controller/app/watchdog.py

@@ -670,11 +670,10 @@ class SignWatchdog:
         # ⚠️ `self.against` IS THE ONLY THING SAFETY-30 CHANGED IN THIS STRING,
         # and it defaults to the wording that shipped - "a meter reading" - so a
         # one-inverter install's `reason` is byte-identical to what an operator
-        # (and test_watchdog.py) has always read. A per-unit instance names what
-        # it actually compared instead, because "commanded +1500 W against a
-        # meter reading -1500 W" would be a false statement about which
-        # instrument produced the evidence, on the one line somebody woken by
-        # this alarm reads first.
+        # has always read (test_watchdog.py pins its meaning). A per-unit
+        # instance names what it actually compared instead, because "commanded
+        # +1500 W against a meter reading -1500 W" would be a false statement
+        # about which instrument produced the evidence.
         self.reason = (
             f"SIGN_DISAGREEMENT: commanded {commanded_w:+.0f} W against "
             f"{self.against} {against_w:+.0f} W for {held:.0f} s continuously "

goodwe_controller/app/web.py

@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ a cellar, by someone who did not write it. Numbers alone are not enough - it
 says what is wrong in words.
 
 ⚠️ SINCE UX-02 THERE ARE TWO PAGES HERE, AND ONLY ONE OF THEM IS THIS FILE'S.
-`/` is the status and control surface and is unchanged. `/config` is the
+`/` is the status and control surface; since UX-13 P1 its files are in
+app/static/ and its Home screen reads the structured half of `/status`
+(app/homeview.py). `/config` is the
 configuration surface: its markup lives in app/config_page.py, its field model
 in app/configui.py and its Supervisor conversation in app/selfconfig.py. What
 stays HERE is the routing, so that the question a reviewer has to answer - does
@@ -24,97 +26,52 @@ routes below read `GET /addons/self/info`, run the SHIPPED validator, write
 mode or reaches `controller.handle_action()`. The set of things an operator can
 do to the inverter through this panel is exactly what `/action` offered before
 this card - test_selfconfig.py part 7 asserts that by listing the routes and the
-actions and comparing them with the shipped set.
+actions and comparing them with the shipped set. UX-13's `ha/entities` is a GET
+of Home Assistant's entity list (app/haentities.py) and writes nothing.
 """
 
+import io
+import json
 import logging
+import os
 
 from aiohttp import web
 
 from . import messages, selfconfig
+from .haentities import EntityCache
+from .homeview import region_of
+from .validate import config_notes
 from .config_page import CONFIG_PAGE
 from .configui import changed_keys, field_model, problems_by_field
 
 _LOG = logging.getLogger("goodwe.web")
 
-PAGE = """<!doctype html>
-<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
-<title>GoodWe RS485 Controller</title>
-<style>
- :root{--bg:#f5f6f8;--card:#fff;--ink:#1c1e21;--muted:#6b7280;--line:#e5e7eb;
-       --ok:#137333;--warn:#b25e02;--bad:#c5221f}
- @media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--bg:#111317;--card:#1b1e24;--ink:#e8eaed;
-       --muted:#9aa0a6;--line:#2c3038;--ok:#81c995;--warn:#fdd663;--bad:#f28b82}}
- *{box-sizing:border-box}
- body{margin:0;padding:16px;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);
-      font:15px/1.5 system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,sans-serif}
- h1{font-size:18px;margin:0 0 12px}
- .card{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;
-       padding:14px;margin-bottom:12px}
- .banner{font-weight:600;padding:12px 14px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:12px}
- .b-ok{background:rgba(19,115,51,.12);color:var(--ok)}
- .b-warn{background:rgba(178,94,2,.12);color:var(--warn)}
- .b-bad{background:rgba(197,34,31,.12);color:var(--bad)}
- table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse}
- td{padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}
- td:last-child{text-align:right;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-weight:600}
- tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}
- .k{color:var(--muted);font-weight:400}
- ul{margin:6px 0 0;padding-left:18px}
- li{margin:3px 0}
- .ok{color:var(--ok)} .bad{color:var(--bad)} .warn{color:var(--warn)}
- button{font:inherit;padding:9px 14px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--line);
-        background:var(--card);color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer;margin:0 6px 6px 0}
- button.primary{background:#1a73e8;border-color:#1a73e8;color:#fff}
- button.danger{background:var(--bad);border-color:var(--bad);color:#fff}
- .muted{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px}
-</style></head><body>
-<h1>GoodWe RS485 Controller</h1>
-<p class="muted"><a href="config">Configuration &rarr;</a></p>
-<div id="banner" class="banner b-warn">loading…</div>
+# UX-13 P1: the page lives in app/static/ as three files - index.html,
+# app.css, app.js - plus the page words from app/ui_text/en.json. They are
+# joined into ONE response here, once, so the page needs no second request
+# and no route of its own: the route list below is unchanged, and every URL
+# the page uses stays relative (ingress). No build step, no external file.
+STATIC = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "static")
+UI_TEXT = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "ui_text",
+                       "en.json")
 
-<div class="card">
-  <table id="live"></table>
-</div>
 
-<div class="card">
-  <div class="k">Commissioning</div>
-  <ul id="checks"></ul>
-</div>
+def _read(path):
+    with io.open(path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        return f.read()
 
-<div class="card">
-  <button class="primary" onclick="act('auto_toggle')">Start / stop control</button>
-  <button onclick="act('maint_start')">Force maintenance cycle</button>
-  <button class="danger" onclick="act('maint_abort')">Abort maintenance</button>
-  <div class="muted" id="hint"></div>
-</div>
 
-<script>
-async function refresh(){
-  try{
-    const r = await fetch('status', {cache:'no-store'});
-    const s = await r.json();
-    const b = document.getElementById('banner');
-    b.textContent = s.banner;
-    b.className = 'banner ' + (s.level==='ok'?'b-ok':s.level==='bad'?'b-bad':'b-warn');
-    document.getElementById('live').innerHTML = s.rows
-      .map(([k,v]) => `<tr><td class="k">${k}</td><td>${v}</td></tr>`).join('');
-    document.getElementById('checks').innerHTML = s.checks
-      .map(c => `<li class="${c.ok?'ok':(c.warn?'warn':'bad')}">${c.ok?'✓':(c.warn?'!':'✗')} ${c.text}</li>`)
-      .join('');
-    document.getElementById('hint').textContent = s.hint || '';
-  }catch(e){
-    document.getElementById('banner').textContent = 'cannot reach the add-on';
-  }
-}
-async function act(what){
-  await fetch('action', {method:'POST', headers:{'Content-Type':'application/json'},
-                         body: JSON.stringify({action: what})});
-  refresh();
-}
-refresh(); setInterval(refresh, 3000);
-</script></body></html>
-"""
+def page() -> str:
+    """The assembled index page. `</` is escaped inside the two inline
+    scripts, so no text in them can close the tag early."""
+    ui_text = json.dumps(json.loads(_read(UI_TEXT)), ensure_ascii=False)
+    script = _read(os.path.join(STATIC, "app.js"))
+    if "</script" in script.lower():
+        raise ValueError("app.js may not contain a closing script tag")
+    return (_read(os.path.join(STATIC, "index.html"))
+            .replace("/*APP_CSS*/", _read(os.path.join(STATIC, "app.css")))
+            .replace("/*UI_TEXT*/", ui_text.replace("</", "<\\/"))
+            .replace("/*APP_JS*/", script))
 
 
 # ⚠️ WHAT THE PANEL SAYS WHEN IT COULD NOT READ A DEVICE RANGE. Two of
@@ -140,9 +97,11 @@ def build_app(controller, selfcfg=None) -> web.Application:
     if selfcfg is None:
         selfcfg = selfconfig.SelfConfig(controller.hass.session,
                                         controller.hass.token)
+    entities = EntityCache(controller.hass)
+    index_page = page()
 
     async def index(_request):
-        return web.Response(text=PAGE, content_type="text/html")
+        return web.Response(text=index_page, content_type="text/html")
 
     async def status(_request):
         return web.json_response(controller.status_payload())
@@ -199,6 +158,9 @@ def build_app(controller, selfcfg=None) -> web.Application:
             "running": controller.o,
             "running_differs": changed_keys(controller.o, options),
             "lang": lang,
+            # UX-13 P1: the levies preset and its year, for the P2 Settings
+            # screens, which show the year beside the region choice.
+            "region": region_of(options),
         })
         return web.json_response(model)
 
@@ -216,11 +178,16 @@ def build_app(controller, selfcfg=None) -> web.Application:
         be a second opinion about a rule it does not own.
         """
         _body, options = await _proposed(request)
+        notes = []
         problems, unread = await selfconfig.problems_and_ranges(
-            options, controller.hass)
+            options, controller.hass, notes=notes)
         by_key, unanchored = problems_by_field(problems, _keys_of(options))
+        # UX-13: warnings and info beside the refusals. Never block a save.
+        # The entity checks use the picker's cached list and never wait on HA.
+        notes += config_notes(options, entities=entities.peek())
         payload = {"problems": problems, "by_key": by_key,
-                   "unanchored": unanchored}
+                   "unanchored": unanchored,
+                   "notes": [n._asdict() for n in notes]}
         if unread:
             payload["device_note"] = DEVICE_NOTE % ", ".join(sorted(set(unread)))
         return web.json_response(payload)
@@ -290,6 +257,12 @@ def build_app(controller, selfcfg=None) -> web.Application:
                              hint=messages.hint("restart_requested"))
         return web.json_response({"ok": True})
 
+    async def ha_entities(request):
+        """UX-13: Home Assistant's entities for the picker. A read only, and
+        never an error: when Home Assistant is down the list says so."""
+        kind = str(request.query.get("kind", "") or "")[:16]
+        return web.json_response(await entities.payload(kind))
+
     app = web.Application()
     app.add_routes([
         web.get("/", index),
@@ -300,6 +273,7 @@ def build_app(controller, selfcfg=None) -> web.Application:
         web.post("/config/validate", config_validate),
         web.post("/config/save", config_save),
         web.post("/config/restart", config_restart),
+        web.get("/ha/entities", ha_entities),
     ])
     return app
 

goodwe_controller/scenarios/ux13/test23/options.arb.json

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "arbitrage_enabled": true,
+ "arbitrage_soc_ceiling": 95,
+ "arbitrage_soc_floor": 20,
+ "auto_start": false,
+ "batt_entity": "sensor.test23_battery_power",
+ "batt_invert": false,
+ "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+ "circulation_hold_s": 75,
+ "circulation_w": 700,
+ "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.1,
+ "cycle_floor_s": 15,
+ "deadband_w": 15,
+ "delivery_hold_s": 185,
+ "estop_fitted": false,
+ "export_price_eur_kwh": 0.04,
+ "gain": 0.6,
+ "heartbeat_s": 10,
+ "integrator_max_w": 0,
+ "inverters": [],
+ "log_level": "info",
+ "maintenance_charge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_discharge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_enabled": false,
+ "maintenance_hold_min": 120,
+ "maintenance_interval_days": 28,
+ "maintenance_soc_floor": 11,
+ "maintenance_soc_target": 99,
+ "maintenance_start_hour": 10,
+ "max_w": 2000,
+ "meter_entity": "sensor.p1_meter_active_power",
+ "meter_freeze_s": 300,
+ "meter_invert": false,
+ "meter_max_age_s": 30,
+ "meter_mqtt_topic": "",
+ "meter_phases": 1,
+ "meter_poll_s": 5,
+ "meter_source": "ha_signed",
+ "p1_export_entity": "",
+ "p1_host": "",
+ "p1_import_entity": "",
+ "p1_net_entity": "sensor.test23_p1_meter_active_power",
+ "p1_phase_export_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_import_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_net_entities": [],
+ "peak_cap_w": 3500,
+ "peak_forecast_entity": "",
+ "peak_soc_floor": 20,
+ "price_avg_entity": "",
+ "price_csv_path": "/share/goodwe_prices.csv",
+ "price_feed_url": "https://api.energy-charts.info/price?bzn=BE",
+ "price_horizon_h": 48,
+ "price_markup_eur_kwh": 0.03,
+ "price_now_entity": "",
+ "price_provider": "generic_dayahead",
+ "price_taxes_eur_kwh": 0.06,
+ "price_timeout_s": 10,
+ "saturation_cycles": 3,
+ "saturation_w": 500,
+ "setpoint_entity": "number.test23_setpoint_w",
+ "sign_disagree_s": 180,
+ "sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "site_sign_disagree_s": 325,
+ "site_sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "slew_w": 0,
+ "soc_entity": "sensor.test23_soc",
+ "stale_input_s": 15,
+ "static_profile": "",
+ "step_w": 10,
+ "target_grid_w": -10,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_s": 85,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_w": 250
+}

goodwe_controller/scenarios/ux13/test23/options.baseline.json

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "arbitrage_enabled": false,
+ "arbitrage_soc_ceiling": 95,
+ "arbitrage_soc_floor": 20,
+ "auto_start": false,
+ "batt_entity": "",
+ "batt_invert": false,
+ "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+ "circulation_hold_s": 75,
+ "circulation_w": 700,
+ "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.1,
+ "cycle_floor_s": 15,
+ "deadband_w": 15,
+ "delivery_hold_s": 185,
+ "estop_fitted": false,
+ "export_price_eur_kwh": 0.04,
+ "gain": 0.6,
+ "heartbeat_s": 10,
+ "integrator_max_w": 0,
+ "inverters": [],
+ "log_level": "info",
+ "maintenance_charge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_discharge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_enabled": false,
+ "maintenance_hold_min": 120,
+ "maintenance_interval_days": 28,
+ "maintenance_soc_floor": 11,
+ "maintenance_soc_target": 99,
+ "maintenance_start_hour": 10,
+ "max_w": 2000,
+ "meter_entity": "sensor.p1_meter_active_power",
+ "meter_freeze_s": 300,
+ "meter_invert": false,
+ "meter_max_age_s": 30,
+ "meter_mqtt_topic": "",
+ "meter_phases": 1,
+ "meter_poll_s": 5,
+ "meter_source": "off",
+ "p1_export_entity": "",
+ "p1_host": "",
+ "p1_import_entity": "",
+ "p1_net_entity": "",
+ "p1_phase_export_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_import_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_net_entities": [],
+ "peak_cap_w": 3500,
+ "peak_forecast_entity": "",
+ "peak_soc_floor": 20,
+ "price_avg_entity": "",
+ "price_csv_path": "/share/goodwe_prices.csv",
+ "price_feed_url": "",
+ "price_horizon_h": 48,
+ "price_markup_eur_kwh": 0.03,
+ "price_now_entity": "",
+ "price_provider": "off",
+ "price_taxes_eur_kwh": 0.06,
+ "price_timeout_s": 10,
+ "saturation_cycles": 3,
+ "saturation_w": 500,
+ "setpoint_entity": "",
+ "sign_disagree_s": 180,
+ "sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "site_sign_disagree_s": 325,
+ "site_sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "slew_w": 0,
+ "soc_entity": "",
+ "stale_input_s": 15,
+ "static_profile": "",
+ "step_w": 10,
+ "target_grid_w": -10,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_s": 85,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_w": 250
+}

goodwe_controller/scenarios/ux13/test23/options.doc1-roster.json

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+{
+ "arbitrage_enabled": false,
+ "arbitrage_soc_ceiling": 95,
+ "arbitrage_soc_floor": 20,
+ "auto_start": false,
+ "batt_entity": "sensor.test23_battery_power",
+ "batt_invert": false,
+ "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+ "circulation_hold_s": 75,
+ "circulation_w": 700,
+ "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.1,
+ "cycle_floor_s": 15,
+ "deadband_w": 15,
+ "delivery_hold_s": 185,
+ "estop_fitted": false,
+ "export_price_eur_kwh": 0.04,
+ "gain": 0.6,
+ "heartbeat_s": 10,
+ "integrator_max_w": 0,
+ "inverters": [
+  {
+   "batt_entity": "sensor.goodwe_a_battery_power",
+   "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+   "capacity_kwh": 15.36,
+   "max_w": 5000,
+   "name": "inverter-a",
+   "setpoint_entity": "number.goodwe_a_setpoint_w",
+   "soc_entity": "sensor.goodwe_a_soc"
+  },
+  {
+   "batt_entity": "sensor.goodwe_b_battery_power",
+   "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+   "capacity_kwh": 20.48,
+   "max_w": 4600,
+   "name": "inverter-b",
+   "setpoint_entity": "number.goodwe_b_setpoint_w",
+   "soc_entity": "sensor.goodwe_b_soc"
+  }
+ ],
+ "log_level": "info",
+ "maintenance_charge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_discharge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_enabled": false,
+ "maintenance_hold_min": 120,
+ "maintenance_interval_days": 28,
+ "maintenance_soc_floor": 11,
+ "maintenance_soc_target": 99,
+ "maintenance_start_hour": 10,
+ "max_w": 2000,
+ "meter_entity": "sensor.p1_meter_active_power",
+ "meter_freeze_s": 300,
+ "meter_invert": false,
+ "meter_max_age_s": 30,
+ "meter_mqtt_topic": "",
+ "meter_phases": 1,
+ "meter_poll_s": 5,
+ "meter_source": "ha_signed",
+ "p1_export_entity": "",
+ "p1_host": "",
+ "p1_import_entity": "",
+ "p1_net_entity": "sensor.test23_p1_meter_active_power",
+ "p1_phase_export_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_import_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_net_entities": [],
+ "peak_cap_w": 3500,
+ "peak_forecast_entity": "",
+ "peak_soc_floor": 20,
+ "price_avg_entity": "",
+ "price_csv_path": "/share/goodwe_prices.csv",
+ "price_export_formula": "",
+ "price_feed_url": "https://api.energy-charts.info/price?bzn=BE",
+ "price_formula": "",
+ "price_horizon_h": 48,
+ "price_markup_eur_kwh": 0.03,
+ "price_now_entity": "",
+ "price_provider": "generic_dayahead",
+ "price_taxes_eur_kwh": 0.06,
+ "price_taxes_profile": "",
+ "price_timeout_s": 10,
+ "pv_entities": [],
+ "pv_entity": "",
+ "saturation_cycles": 3,
+ "saturation_w": 500,
+ "setpoint_entity": "",
+ "shadow_mode": "auto",
+ "sign_disagree_s": 180,
+ "sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "site_sign_disagree_s": 325,
+ "site_sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "slew_w": 0,
+ "soc_entity": "sensor.test23_soc",
+ "stale_input_s": 15,
+ "static_profile": "",
+ "step_w": 10,
+ "target_grid_w": -10,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_s": 85,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_w": 250
+}

goodwe_controller/scenarios/ux13/test23/options.json

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "arbitrage_enabled": false,
+ "arbitrage_soc_ceiling": 95,
+ "arbitrage_soc_floor": 20,
+ "auto_start": false,
+ "batt_entity": "sensor.test23_battery_power",
+ "batt_invert": false,
+ "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+ "circulation_hold_s": 75,
+ "circulation_w": 700,
+ "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.1,
+ "cycle_floor_s": 15,
+ "deadband_w": 15,
+ "delivery_hold_s": 185,
+ "estop_fitted": false,
+ "export_price_eur_kwh": 0.04,
+ "gain": 0.6,
+ "heartbeat_s": 10,
+ "integrator_max_w": 0,
+ "inverters": [],
+ "log_level": "info",
+ "maintenance_charge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_discharge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_enabled": false,
+ "maintenance_hold_min": 120,
+ "maintenance_interval_days": 28,
+ "maintenance_soc_floor": 11,
+ "maintenance_soc_target": 99,
+ "maintenance_start_hour": 10,
+ "max_w": 2000,
+ "meter_entity": "sensor.p1_meter_active_power",
+ "meter_freeze_s": 300,
+ "meter_invert": false,
+ "meter_max_age_s": 30,
+ "meter_mqtt_topic": "",
+ "meter_phases": 1,
+ "meter_poll_s": 5,
+ "meter_source": "ha_signed",
+ "p1_export_entity": "",
+ "p1_host": "",
+ "p1_import_entity": "",
+ "p1_net_entity": "sensor.test23_p1_meter_active_power",
+ "p1_phase_export_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_import_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_net_entities": [],
+ "peak_cap_w": 3500,
+ "peak_forecast_entity": "",
+ "peak_soc_floor": 20,
+ "price_avg_entity": "",
+ "price_csv_path": "/share/goodwe_prices.csv",
+ "price_feed_url": "https://api.energy-charts.info/price?bzn=BE",
+ "price_horizon_h": 48,
+ "price_markup_eur_kwh": 0.03,
+ "price_now_entity": "",
+ "price_provider": "generic_dayahead",
+ "price_taxes_eur_kwh": 0.06,
+ "price_timeout_s": 10,
+ "saturation_cycles": 3,
+ "saturation_w": 500,
+ "setpoint_entity": "number.test23_setpoint_w",
+ "sign_disagree_s": 180,
+ "sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "site_sign_disagree_s": 325,
+ "site_sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "slew_w": 0,
+ "soc_entity": "sensor.test23_soc",
+ "stale_input_s": 15,
+ "static_profile": "",
+ "step_w": 10,
+ "target_grid_w": -10,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_s": 85,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_w": 250
+}

goodwe_controller/scenarios/ux13/test23/options.s3.json

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "arbitrage_enabled": true,
+ "arbitrage_soc_ceiling": 95,
+ "arbitrage_soc_floor": 20,
+ "auto_start": true,
+ "batt_entity": "sensor.test23_battery_power",
+ "batt_invert": false,
+ "bms_soc_floor": 10,
+ "circulation_hold_s": 75,
+ "circulation_w": 700,
+ "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.1,
+ "cycle_floor_s": 15,
+ "deadband_w": 15,
+ "delivery_hold_s": 185,
+ "estop_fitted": false,
+ "export_price_eur_kwh": 0.04,
+ "gain": 0.6,
+ "heartbeat_s": 10,
+ "integrator_max_w": 0,
+ "inverters": [],
+ "log_level": "info",
+ "maintenance_charge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_discharge_w": 2000,
+ "maintenance_enabled": false,
+ "maintenance_hold_min": 120,
+ "maintenance_interval_days": 28,
+ "maintenance_soc_floor": 11,
+ "maintenance_soc_target": 99,
+ "maintenance_start_hour": 10,
+ "max_w": 2000,
+ "meter_entity": "sensor.p1_meter_active_power",
+ "meter_freeze_s": 300,
+ "meter_invert": false,
+ "meter_max_age_s": 30,
+ "meter_mqtt_topic": "",
+ "meter_phases": 1,
+ "meter_poll_s": 5,
+ "meter_source": "ha_signed",
+ "p1_export_entity": "",
+ "p1_host": "",
+ "p1_import_entity": "",
+ "p1_net_entity": "sensor.test23_p1_meter_active_power",
+ "p1_phase_export_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_import_entities": [],
+ "p1_phase_net_entities": [],
+ "peak_cap_w": 15000,
+ "peak_forecast_entity": "",
+ "peak_soc_floor": 20,
+ "price_avg_entity": "",
+ "price_csv_path": "/share/goodwe_prices.csv",
+ "price_feed_url": "",
+ "price_horizon_h": 48,
+ "price_markup_eur_kwh": 0.03,
+ "price_now_entity": "",
+ "price_provider": "manual_csv",
+ "price_taxes_eur_kwh": 0.06,
+ "price_timeout_s": 10,
+ "saturation_cycles": 3,
+ "saturation_w": 500,
+ "setpoint_entity": "number.test23_setpoint_w",
+ "sign_disagree_s": 180,
+ "sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "site_sign_disagree_s": 325,
+ "site_sign_disagree_w": 300,
+ "slew_w": 0,
+ "soc_entity": "sensor.test23_soc",
+ "stale_input_s": 15,
+ "static_profile": "",
+ "step_w": 10,
+ "target_grid_w": -10,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_s": 85,
+ "unit_sign_disagree_w": 250
+}

goodwe_controller/test_clamp.py

@@ -497,8 +497,13 @@ check(f"AC 1: NOT ONE of the {len(emitted)} values that reached the device "
 # largest emitted value is what it is and not 5000 W. The clamp is what makes it
 # bounded; the freeze is what makes it small. A check that read
 # `max(emitted) == max_w` would have been asserting the freeze, not the clamp.
+# SAFETY-52 re-baseline: an inverter reporting 0 W for SETTLE_CYCLES is a
+# battery that refuses, so the command then drops to 0 W. The freeze still
+# engaged first, and the event log says so.
 check(f"...and the saturation freeze is what pins it at {max(emitted):,.0f} W "
-      f"rather than the rail", ctl_r.sat_count >= ctl_r.tuning.saturation_cycles)
+      f"rather than the rail",
+      any("saturation freeze" in e for e in ctl_r.events)
+      and max(emitted) < LIVE_MAX_W)
 
 notes_r = clamp_notes(hass_r)
 print(f"    the loop clamped on {ctl_r.clamp_wd.engagements} of {60} cycles, "
@@ -521,7 +526,8 @@ check(f"the action log records every engagement, coalesced into one row per "
       f"episode ({len(rows_r)} row(s), {ctl_r.clamp_wd.engagements} "
       f"engagement(s))",
       len(rows_r) == ctl_r.clamp_wd.episodes
-      and f"{ctl_r.clamp_wd.engagements} engagement(s)" in rows_r[0])
+      and messages.count(ctl_r.clamp_wd.engagements, "engagement")
+      in rows_r[0])
 
 # ⚠️ REGRESSION, AND IT WAS A REAL BUG BEFORE IT WAS A CHECK. `log_event()` keeps
 # 40 rows. A row per engagement flushes that ring inside 40 cycles of a winding
@@ -538,7 +544,8 @@ check(f"a long winding episode does NOT flood the 40-row event log "
       f"({len(rows_l)} rows for {ctl_l.clamp_wd.engagements} engagements)",
       ctl_l.clamp_wd.engagements > 40 and len(rows_l) <= ctl_l.clamp_wd.episodes)
 check("...and the count in the row is the counter's, so nothing is lost",
-      f"{ctl_l.clamp_wd.engagements} engagement(s)" in nth(rows_l, -1))
+      messages.count(ctl_l.clamp_wd.engagements, "engagement")
+      in nth(rows_l, -1))
 # The RED row exists only while engaged, and the episode above is short, so it
 # is captured mid-run rather than asserted after the hysteresis has cleared it.
 check("the status page flags it WHILE it is engaged - amber, since it is the "
@@ -578,8 +585,12 @@ check("UX-07 item 1: during a bound episode an earlier over-rating count is "
 
 # ⚠️ NOT A TRIP. 11.2's action is "clamp and alarm"; the loop keeps running and
 # keeps writing the clamped value. If a later cut changes that it must come here.
-check(f"it is NOT a trip - the command stands at {ctl_r.target:+.0f} W, not 0 W",
-      ctl_r.target != 0.0 and ctl_r.target == hass_r.writes[-1])
+# SAFETY-52: the loop itself now asks 0 W of an inverter that gives nothing,
+# with its own reason. That is the loop's decision, not a stop.
+check(f"it is NOT a trip - the command stands at {ctl_r.target:+.0f} W because "
+      f"the loop says '{ctl_r.loop_reason}', not because of a stop",
+      ctl_r.loop_reason == "battery refuses"
+      and ctl_r.target == hass_r.writes[-1])
 check("...and the controller still reports itself running, not failsafe",
       ctl_r.auto and not ctl_r.sign_wd.tripped)
 
@@ -2051,9 +2062,12 @@ check("it still NOTIFIES (not suppressed), under a title that claims no bug",
 check("...under its OWN notification_id, so it cannot replace a BUG SIGNAL "
       "notice still on screen",
       notes_i and all(n["notification_id"] == BOUND_ID for n in notes_i))
+# UX-11: the WARNING quotes the code. The reason is on the DEBUG line beside
+# it (test_messages.py part 6).
 check("...logged as a WARNING, not an ERROR",
-      any(x.levelno == logging.WARNING and "reached its" in x.getMessage()
-          for x in log_i)
+      any(x.levelno == logging.WARNING
+          and x.getMessage().startswith("The battery gives less than asked: "
+                                        "OUTPUT_CLAMP.") for x in log_i)
       and not any(x.levelno >= logging.ERROR and "OUTPUT_CLAMP" in x.getMessage()
                   for x in log_i))
 check("...and the status row is amber, not red",

goodwe_controller/test_delivery.py

@@ -1147,8 +1147,10 @@ async def _one():
             "soc_entity": "sensor.soc", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt",
             "meter_source": "off", "max_w": 2000, "gain": 0.6,
             # ⚠️ THE SAME 1 s AS THE TWO-INVERTER FIXTURE, AND THAT IS WHAT
-            # MAKES THIS SECTION NON-VACUOUS. The run below is 2 s of wall clock
-            # against a 1 s window, so a hold is not what stops this firing -
+            # MAKES THIS SECTION NON-VACUOUS. The run below is 1.1 s of wall
+            # clock against a 1 s window (SAFETY-52 shortened it from 2 s, and
+            # "the window was never even opened" below is what still makes it
+            # non-vacuous), so a hold is not what stops this firing -
             # the reduction is. With a shipped-length hold "nothing was
             # reported" would be true of a fixture that simply ran out of time.
             "bms_soc_floor": _FLOOR_PCT, "delivery_hold_s": 1,
@@ -1158,7 +1160,10 @@ async def _one():
     c.inverters[0].dev_min, c.inverters[0].dev_max = -2000.0, 2000.0
     c.auto = True
     hass.ctrl = c
-    await _drive(c, n=20, dt=0.1)
+    # SAFETY-52: from SETTLE_CYCLES of delivering nothing the loop asks 0 W
+    # (the battery refuses), so the run stops just before that. 11 cycles is
+    # still 1.1 s against the 1 s hold.
+    await _drive(c, n=11, dt=0.1)
     return c, hass, store
 
 

goodwe_controller/test_freshness.py

@@ -1813,6 +1813,11 @@ _S56_ACCUSATIONS = [
 ]
 _log56 = [r.getMessage() for r in _LOGREC[_S56_LOG0:]
           if "battery power reading stopped changing" in r.getMessage()]
+# UX-11: the ERROR line quotes the code, and the reason itself is on the DEBUG
+# line logged beside it.
+_dbg56 = [r.getMessage() for r in _LOGREC[_S56_LOG0:]
+          if r.levelno == logging.DEBUG
+          and r.getMessage().startswith("Evidence for ")] or [""]
 
 
 def _s56_row(c):
@@ -1855,7 +1860,7 @@ check("PRECONDITION: all four operator-facing surfaces were really produced by "
       "two are the same string, which is 11b again on the log surface",
       len(_log56) == 2 and _log56[0] == _log56[1]
       and all(len(s) > 30 for s in _S56_SURFACES.values())
-      and _r56_ref in _log56[-1])
+      and _log56[-1].endswith(": STALE_READING.") and _r56_ref in _dbg56[-1])
 _idx56 = [_r56_ref.find(t) for _w, t in _S56_EXPLANATIONS]
 check(f"11c. BOTH EXPLANATIONS ARE NAMED, AND IN THAT ORDER: "
       f"{_S56_EXPLANATIONS[0][1]!r} at {_idx56[0]} then "

goodwe_controller/test_haentities.py

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+"""UX-13 P0: the entity list for the picker.  `python3 test_haentities.py`
+
+`GET ha/entities` reads Home Assistant's states through the add-on's own
+session (hass.states()) and must never fail the page: part 1 drives the real
+HomeAssistant client against a local server that answers 502, garbage, the
+wrong shape, nothing at all, or too slowly. Part 2 checks the 30 s cache and
+what is served while Home Assistant is down. Part 3 serves the real route.
+Mutating a module this file grades? Read MUTATION.md first (purge __pycache__).
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import sys
+import time
+
+from aiohttp import ClientSession, web as aioweb
+
+from app import hass as H, haentities as E, web
+
+fails = []
+
+
+def check(name, cond):
+    print(f"  {'ok  ' if cond else 'FAIL'} {name}")
+    if not cond:
+        fails.append(name)
+
+
+STATES = [
+    {"entity_id": "sensor.grid", "state": "812",
+     "attributes": {"friendly_name": "Grid power", "unit_of_measurement": "W",
+                    "device_class": "power"}},
+    {"entity_id": "sensor.soc", "state": "54",
+     "attributes": {"friendly_name": "Battery level", "unit_of_measurement": "%",
+                    "device_class": "battery"}},
+    {"entity_id": "number.setpoint", "state": "0", "attributes": {}},
+    {"entity_id": "sensor.pv_kw", "state": "1.2",
+     "attributes": {"unit_of_measurement": "kW"}},
+    {"no_entity_id": True},
+]
+
+
+async def serve(handler):
+    app = aioweb.Application()
+    app.router.add_get("/api/states", handler)
+    runner = aioweb.AppRunner(app)
+    await runner.setup()
+    site = aioweb.TCPSite(runner, "127.0.0.1", 0)
+    await site.start()
+    return runner, site._server.sockets[0].getsockname()[1]
+
+
+async def read_with(handler, timeout_s=10):
+    runner, port = await serve(handler)
+    H.CORE_API, H.STATES_TIMEOUT_S = f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/api", timeout_s
+    try:
+        async with ClientSession() as session:
+            t0 = time.monotonic()
+            got = await H.HomeAssistant(session, "token").states()
+            read_with.took = time.monotonic() - t0
+            return got
+    finally:
+        await runner.cleanup()
+
+
+async def ok(_r):
+    return aioweb.json_response(STATES)
+
+
+async def bad_gateway(_r):
+    return aioweb.Response(status=502)
+
+
+async def garbage(_r):
+    return aioweb.Response(text="<html>", content_type="application/json")
+
+
+async def not_a_list(_r):
+    return aioweb.json_response({"message": "hi"})
+
+
+async def slow(_r):
+    await asyncio.sleep(2)
+    return aioweb.json_response(STATES)
+
+
+async def closed_port():
+    H.CORE_API = "http://127.0.0.1:9/api"
+    async with ClientSession() as session:
+        return await H.HomeAssistant(session, "token").states()
+
+
+print("1. hass.states() answers None, never an exception")
+check("a normal answer is the state list", asyncio.run(read_with(ok)) == STATES)
+for name, handler in (("502 while HA restarts", bad_gateway),
+                      ("a body that is not JSON", garbage),
+                      ("JSON that is not a list", not_a_list)):
+    check(f"{name} -> None", asyncio.run(read_with(handler)) is None)
+check("an answer slower than the timeout -> None, at the timeout",
+      asyncio.run(read_with(slow, timeout_s=0.3)) is None
+      and read_with.took < 1.0)
+check("no server at all -> None", asyncio.run(closed_port()) is None)
+check("the timeout for the list is the same 10 s as every other read",
+      "STATES_TIMEOUT_S = 10 " in open(H.__file__, encoding="utf-8").read())
+
+
+class FakeHass:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.answer, self.reads = STATES, 0
+
+    async def states(self):
+        self.reads += 1
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+        return self.answer
+
+
+class Clock:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.t = 1000.0
+
+    def __call__(self):
+        return self.t
+
+
+print("\n2. the cache, and Home Assistant being down")
+_h, _c = FakeHass(), Clock()
+_cache = E.EntityCache(_h, clock=_c)
+
+
+async def burst():
+    return await asyncio.gather(*(_cache.payload("power") for _ in range(5)))
+
+
+_p = asyncio.run(burst())
+check("five pickers opening at once cost one read of Home Assistant",
+      _h.reads == 1 and all(x == _p[0] for x in _p))
+_ids = [r["entity_id"] for r in _p[0]["entities"]]
+check("power entities come first, then the rest, and a broken state is left "
+      f"out ({_ids})", _ids == ["sensor.grid", "sensor.pv_kw",
+                                "number.setpoint", "sensor.soc"]
+      and [r["match"] for r in _p[0]["entities"]] == [True, True, False, False])
+check("each row carries id, name, state, unit and device class",
+      _p[0]["entities"][0] == {"entity_id": "sensor.grid", "name": "Grid power",
+                               "state": "812", "unit": "W",
+                               "device_class": "power", "match": True})
+check("the kinds filter as the pickers need",
+      [r["entity_id"] for r in _p[0]["entities"]
+       if E.matches(r, "pct")] == ["sensor.soc"]
+      and [r["entity_id"] for r in _p[0]["entities"]
+           if E.matches(r, "number")] == ["number.setpoint"])
+_c.t += 10
+asyncio.run(_cache.payload())
+check("within 30 s the cached list is served", _h.reads == 1)
+check("peek() hands the validator the fresh list without a read",
+      set(_cache.peek()) == set(_ids) and _h.reads == 1)
+_h.answer = None
+_c.t += 30
+_down = asyncio.run(_cache.payload())
+check("Home Assistant down after a good read: the old list, marked old",
+      _h.reads == 2 and _down["available"] and _down["text"] == E.STALE_TEXT
+      and len(_down["entities"]) == 4 and _down["age_s"] >= 30)
+check("...and peek() then gives nothing, so no warning rests on an old list",
+      _cache.peek() is None)
+
+
+async def down_windows():
+    """One loop throughout: a contended asyncio.Lock binds to its loop."""
+    hass, clock = FakeHass(), Clock()
+    hass.answer = None
+    cache = E.EntityCache(hass, clock=clock)
+    counts = []
+    for step in (0, 1, 30):
+        clock.t += step
+        await asyncio.gather(*(cache.payload() for _ in range(5)))
+        counts.append(hass.reads)
+    return counts
+
+
+check("five polls while Home Assistant is down cost one read, the polls just "
+      "after wait for the next window, and that window tries once",
+      asyncio.run(down_windows()) == [1, 1, 2])
+_h2 = FakeHass()
+_h2.answer = None
+_empty = asyncio.run(E.EntityCache(_h2).payload("power"))
+check("Home Assistant down from the start: an empty list that says why",
+      _empty == {"available": False, "text": E.DOWN_TEXT, "entities": []})
+
+
+print("\n3. the route")
+
+
+class FakeController:
+    def __init__(self, hass):
+        self.hass, self.o = hass, {}
+
+
+async def route(hass, query=""):
+    app = web.build_app(FakeController(hass), selfcfg=object())
+    runner = aioweb.AppRunner(app)
+    await runner.setup()
+    site = aioweb.TCPSite(runner, "127.0.0.1", 0)
+    await site.start()
+    port = site._server.sockets[0].getsockname()[1]
+    try:
+        async with ClientSession() as s:
+            async with s.get(f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/ha/entities{query}") as r:
+                return r.status, await r.json()
+    finally:
+        await runner.cleanup()
+
+
+_st, _body = asyncio.run(route(FakeHass(), "?kind=pct"))
+check("GET ha/entities?kind=pct answers 200 with the matching entity first",
+      _st == 200 and _body["entities"][0]["entity_id"] == "sensor.soc")
+_st, _body = asyncio.run(route(_h2))
+check("with Home Assistant down it still answers 200, with the reason",
+      _st == 200 and _body["available"] is False and _body["entities"] == [])
+check("the words shown are short and plain (STYLE: one sentence)",
+      all(len(t.split()) <= 12 and t.count(".") == 1
+          for t in (E.DOWN_TEXT, E.STALE_TEXT)))
+print(json.dumps(_body))
+
+print()
+if fails:
+    print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED")
+    sys.exit(1)
+print("all passed")

goodwe_controller/test_home.py

@@ -0,0 +1,583 @@
+"""UX-13 P1: the Home screen's `/status` and the page shell.  `python3 -B test_home.py`
+
+1. `/status` keeps every old field (`banner`, `level`, `rows`, `checks`,
+   `hint`, `events`) AND carries the structured half the Home screen reads:
+   `state`, `now`, `batteries`, `plan`, `attention`, `month_peak`, `control`.
+   Both are pinned here, by name and shape.
+2. The plan shows only what the add-on does today. Trading on price is the
+   verdict the control cycle would reach (the same `plan.arbitrage()` call),
+   drawn where the cheapest and dearest prices are, with kWh and € per block.
+   The monthly cycle, the peak limit and "follows the house" are the rest.
+3. Shadow mode says "would", a stopped site plans nothing, and a red row is an
+   alarm under "Needs attention".
+4. A fault in the Home view never costs the page its old rows.
+5. The page: served at `/` from app/static, no external file, relative URLs
+   only, every label resolves in app/ui_text, and the region year reaches
+   `config/model` for the P2 Settings screens.
+
+The STYLE scan of every Home sentence is test_messages.py part 8.
+Mutating a module this file grades? Read MUTATION.md first (purge __pycache__).
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import io
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+from aiohttp import ClientSession, web as aioweb
+
+from app import homeview, web
+from app.main import Controller
+from app.peakguard import PeakDecision
+from app.price import PricePoint, PriceProduct, PriceRead
+from app.static_tariff import TariffPlan
+from app.uimodel import REGION_PRESETS
+from named_absence import field, nth, present
+
+FLANDERS = REGION_PRESETS["flanders"]["taxes_eur_kwh"]
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+fails = []
+
+
+def check(name, cond):
+    print(f"  {'ok  ' if cond else 'FAIL'} {name}")
+    if not cond:
+        fails.append(name)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Fixtures: a real Controller, with its readings set directly.
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+class _Store:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.data = {}
+
+    def set(self, k, v):
+        self.data[k] = v
+
+    def get(self, k, d=None):
+        return self.data.get(k, d)
+
+    def set_time(self, k, v):
+        self.data[k] = v.isoformat()
+
+    def get_time(self, k):
+        v = self.data.get(k)
+        return None if v is None else datetime.fromisoformat(v)
+
+
+class _Pub:
+    enabled = False
+
+    def publish(self, _v):
+        pass
+
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class _Hass:
+    session = None
+    token = ""
+
+    async def limits(self, _e):
+        return (-5000.0, 5000.0, 1.0)
+
+    async def number(self, _e, invert=False):
+        return None
+
+    async def state(self, _e):
+        return None
+
+    async def set_number(self, _e, _v):
+        return True
+
+    async def call(self, *_a):
+        return True
+
+    async def states(self):
+        return []
+
+
+ONE = {"setpoint_entity": "number.sp", "meter_entity": "sensor.grid",
+       "soc_entity": "sensor.soc", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt",
+       "meter_source": "off", "max_w": 5000, "shadow_mode": "off",
+       "maintenance_enabled": False}
+TWO = dict(ONE, inverters=[
+    {"name": "Battery A", "setpoint_entity": "number.a", "soc_entity":
+     "sensor.soc_a", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt_a", "max_w": 2500,
+     "capacity_kwh": 9.6},
+    {"name": "Battery B", "setpoint_entity": "number.b", "soc_entity":
+     "sensor.soc_b", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt_b", "max_w": 2500,
+     "capacity_kwh": 5.4}])
+
+# Sunday 27 September 2026, 11:40 in Brussels (09:40 UTC): the mockup's day.
+NOW = datetime(2026, 9, 27, 9, 40, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+DAY0 = datetime(2026, 9, 26, 22, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+MOCK = [.24, .22, .21, .20, .21, .22, .24, .27, .26, .22, .18, .16, .15, .14,
+        .16, .19, .23, .28, .33, .36, .34, .29, .26, .24]
+
+
+def make(opts, *, soc=(62.0, 35.0), batt=(-2500.0, -300.0), grid=10.0,
+         auto=True):
+    c = Controller(dict(opts), _Hass(), _Store(), _Pub(), stop=asyncio.Event())
+    c.auto = auto
+    for i, inv in enumerate(c.inverters):
+        inv.soc, inv.batt = soc[i], batt[i]
+        inv.dev_min, inv.dev_max = -5000.0, 5000.0
+    c.grid = grid
+    return c
+
+
+def provider_plan(prices=MOCK, day0=DAY0, days=2, provisional_from=None):
+    pts = []
+    for d in range(days):
+        for k, p in enumerate(prices):
+            start = day0 + timedelta(days=d, hours=k)
+            pts.append(PricePoint(start, p, provisional_from is not None
+                                  and start >= provisional_from))
+    return TariffPlan(PriceRead.series(tuple(pts), PriceProduct.DAY_AHEAD,
+                                       "generic_dayahead", NOW), None,
+                      "provider")
+
+
+def quiet_guard(projected_w=1240.0):
+    return PeakDecision(engaged=False, floor_w=None, ceiling_w=3500.0,
+                        ceiling_from="cap", projected_w=projected_w)
+
+
+def status(c, now=NOW):
+    s = c.status_payload()
+    # The status route builds at wall-clock time; rebuild the structured half
+    # at the fixture's instant so the day and the hours are the mockup's.
+    s.update(homeview.build(c, level=s["level"], checks=s["checks"], now=now))
+    return s
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("1. /status: the old fields stay, the structured half is added")
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+c1 = make(ONE, soc=(62.0,), batt=(960.0,), grid=800.0)
+s1 = c1.status_payload()
+OLD = {"banner", "level", "rows", "checks", "hint", "events"}
+NEW = {"state", "now", "batteries", "plan", "attention", "month_peak",
+       "control"}
+check(f"every old field is still there, with its old type ({sorted(OLD)})",
+      OLD <= set(s1) and isinstance(s1["rows"], list)
+      and all(len(r) == 2 for r in s1["rows"])
+      and all({"ok", "warn", "text"} <= set(r) for r in s1["checks"])
+      and isinstance(s1["banner"], str) and s1["level"] in ("ok", "warn", "bad")
+      and isinstance(s1["events"], list))
+check(f"...and the structured half is added beside them ({sorted(NEW)})",
+      NEW <= set(s1) and "home_error" not in s1)
+check("...and it is JSON, as the route serves it", json.loads(json.dumps(s1))
+      == json.loads(json.dumps(s1)))
+check("`state` names the kind, the pill word, the control row and a sub-line",
+      set(s1["state"]) == {"kind", "pill", "ran", "sub"}
+      and s1["state"]["kind"] == "running")
+check("`now` carries the four tiles in W and a plain line for each",
+      {"solar_w", "house_w", "grid_w", "batt_w", "has_solar", "lines"}
+      <= set(s1["now"])
+      and set(s1["now"]["lines"]) == {"solar", "house", "grid", "batt"}
+      and s1["now"]["grid_w"] == 800.0 and s1["now"]["batt_w"] == 960.0)
+_nh = homeview.now_block(grid_w=-3000.0, pv_w=1000.0, batt_w=1500.0,
+                         has_solar=True, shadow=False)
+_nz = homeview.now_block(grid_w=-1030.0, pv_w=1000.0, batt_w=0.0,
+                         has_solar=True, shadow=False)
+_np = homeview.now_block(grid_w=800.0, pv_w=1000.0, batt_w=-300.0,
+                         has_solar=True, shadow=False)
+check("House = grid (+ import) + solar + battery (+ giving): 800 + 1000 - 300 "
+      "= 1500 W",
+      _np["house_w"] == 1500.0 and _np["lines"]["house"] == "Using")
+check("...a sum below zero is not shown as a positive figure: 0 W inside "
+      "the idle band, and no figure beyond it",
+      _nz["house_w"] == 0.0 and _nh["house_w"] is None
+      and _nh["lines"]["house"] == homeview.tile_house(None, True, True))
+check("...and with no solar reading the house figure is NOT invented: it is "
+      "None and the tile says why",
+      s1["now"]["house_w"] is None and s1["now"]["has_solar"] is False
+      and s1["now"]["lines"]["house"] == homeview.tile_house(None, False))
+_b = s1["batteries"][0]
+check("`batteries[]` has level, power, state, mode, the now line and why",
+      {"name", "level_pct", "power_w", "state", "mode", "now", "why",
+       "capacity_kwh", "stored_kwh", "maintenance"} <= set(_b)
+      and _b["level_pct"] == 62.0 and _b["state"] == "giving"
+      and _b["now"] == "Giving 1.0 kW now.")
+_p = s1["plan"]
+check("`plan` carries the verdict, the prices, the runs, the lines and "
+      "the region",
+      {"verdict", "head", "prices", "runs", "lines", "now_h", "hours",
+       "price_line", "tomorrow_line", "region", "region_line"} <= set(_p)
+      and len(_p["prices"]) in (23, 24, 25))
+check("`attention[]` has severity, title, body and docs; `month_peak` and "
+      "`control` are there",
+      all({"severity", "title", "body", "docs"} <= set(a)
+          for a in s1["attention"])
+      and {"month", "limit_w", "peak_w", "pct", "period_w", "state", "line"}
+      <= set(s1["month_peak"])
+      and {"running", "shadow", "text", "maintenance", "docs_url"}
+      <= set(s1["control"]))
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("\n2. the plan is what the add-on actually does")
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+s_house = status(make(TWO))
+check("with trading off and no cycle due, each battery follows the house "
+      "from now to the end of the day, and nothing else is drawn",
+      [r["kind"] for r in s_house["plan"]["runs"]] == ["house", "house"]
+      and s_house["plan"]["verdict_key"] == "house"
+      and all(r["end_h"] == 24.0 and abs(r["start_h"] - 11 - 40 / 60) < 0.01
+              for r in s_house["plan"]["runs"])
+      and s_house["plan"]["runs"][0]["to"] == "24:00")
+
+ARB = dict(TWO, arbitrage_enabled=True, cycle_cost_threshold_eur=0.05)
+c_arb = make(ARB)
+c_arb.tariff_plan, c_arb.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+c_arb.peak_guard = quiet_guard()
+s_arb = status(c_arb)
+_runs = s_arb["plan"]["runs"]
+_grid = [r for r in _runs if r["kind"] == "grid"]
+_give = [r for r in _runs if r["kind"] == "give"]
+check("trading on price: a charge block at the cheapest hour (13:00) and a "
+      "give block at the dearest (19:00), on each battery",
+      [(r["battery"], r["from"], r["to"]) for r in _grid]
+      == [(0, "13:00", "14:00"), (1, "13:00", "14:00")]
+      and [(r["battery"], r["from"], r["to"]) for r in _give]
+      == [(0, "19:00", "20:00"), (1, "19:00", "20:00")]
+      and s_arb["plan"]["verdict_key"] == "trade")
+check("...placed where the control cycle's own verdict puts them: the same "
+      "plan.arbitrage() call on the same plan",
+      c_arb.fresh_tariff_plan(NOW).arbitrage(
+          peak_guard_active=False, min_spread_eur_kwh=0.05,
+          uncertainty=frozenset({__import__("app.price", fromlist=["x"])
+                                 .Uncertainty.NO_WEATHER}))
+      .match(allowed=lambda v: (v.cheapest.start, v.dearest.start),
+             refused=lambda v: None)
+      == (DAY0 + timedelta(hours=13), DAY0 + timedelta(hours=19)))
+# Battery A: 2.5 kW for 1 h = 2.5 kWh; room to the 95 % ceiling is 33 % of
+# 9.6 kWh = 3.17 kWh, so 2.5. Battery B: 60 % of 5.4 = 3.24, so 2.5.
+check("each block carries kWh and €: charging is capped by the battery's own "
+      "rating and the room its level leaves, € = kWh x that hour's price",
+      [r["kwh"] for r in _grid] == [2.5, 2.5]
+      and [r["eur"] for r in _grid] == [0.35, 0.35]
+      and [r["eur_kwh"] for r in _grid] == [0.14, 0.14]
+      and "2.5 kWh" in _grid[0]["what"] and "€0.14" in _grid[0]["why"]
+      and "€0.35" in _grid[0]["amount"])
+# Giving at 19:00 comes after the 13:00 charge, so each battery may give what
+# it will hold then: B is at 35 % + 2.5 kWh of 5.4 = 81 %, and 81 - 20 = 61 %
+# of 5.4 = 3.3 kWh, so 2.5 (an upper bound, like every amount here).
+check("...and giving is capped by what each battery holds above arbitrage's "
+      "floor after the charge before it",
+      [r["kwh"] for r in _give] == [2.5, 2.5]
+      and [r["eur"] for r in _give] == [0.9, 0.9])
+
+
+def trade(soc, prices=MOCK, provisional_from=None, now=NOW, opts=ARB):
+    c = make(opts, soc=soc)
+    c.tariff_plan = provider_plan(prices, provisional_from=provisional_from)
+    c.tariff_at, c.peak_guard = now, quiet_guard()
+    s = status(c, now=now)
+    return ([(r["kind"], r["battery"], r["kwh"]) for r in s["plan"]["runs"]
+             if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")], s["plan"]["lines"])
+
+
+# Review of #144: only what arbitrage.decide() would still do is drawn.
+_t, _l = trade((96.0, 35.0))
+check("a battery at arbitrage's ceiling gets no charge block, not "
+      "'Charges up to 0.0 kWh'", ("grid", 0, 0.0) not in _t
+      and [k for k in _t if k[0] == "grid"] == [("grid", 1, 2.5)])
+# 20:00 local: the dearest (19:00) is over; tomorrow's charge is a line. Put
+# the dearest later today instead, with the emptiest pack at the floor.
+_late = MOCK[:22] + [.40, .24]
+_t, _l = trade((62.0, 20.0), prices=_late, now=NOW + timedelta(hours=8))
+_t2, _l2 = trade((62.0, 35.0), prices=_late, now=NOW + timedelta(hours=8))
+check("no give block while the emptiest battery is at arbitrage's floor: "
+      "the cycle's sale is graded on the emptiest pack (at 35 % both give)",
+      not [k for k in _t if k[0] == "give"]
+      and [k[:2] for k in _t2] == [("give", 0), ("give", 1)])
+_t, _l = trade((62.0, 35.0), prices=[x - 0.5 for x in MOCK])
+check("no give block at a negative price (the cycle refuses that sale)",
+      not [k for k in _t if k[0] == "give"]
+      and [k for k in _t if k[0] == "grid"])
+# Running, a missing level is a red row and the site is held. In shadow mode
+# the plan is still drawn, so this is where the level gate shows.
+_t, _l = trade((None, 35.0), opts=dict(ARB, shadow_mode="on"))
+check("with a battery level unknown the cycle does not trade, so nothing is "
+      "drawn and a line says why (shadow mode, which still plans)",
+      _t == [] and homeview.line_no_trade("no_level") in _l)
+_t, _l = trade((62.0, 35.0), provisional_from=DAY0)
+check("a plan with no published prices yet says so, not 'the price gap is "
+      "too small'",
+      _t == [] and homeview.line_no_trade("not_firm") in _l
+      and homeview.line_no_trade("not_worth") not in _l)
+check("the price bars are today's 24 hours, from the real series, with the "
+      "cheap and expensive thirds marked",
+      [b["eur_kwh"] for b in s_arb["plan"]["prices"]] == MOCK
+      and s_arb["plan"]["prices"][13]["kind"] == "cheap"
+      and s_arb["plan"]["prices"][19]["kind"] == "dear"
+      and s_arb["plan"]["prices"][0]["kind"] == "mid"
+      and s_arb["plan"]["prices"][13]["label"] == "13:00")
+check("the price line names the price now, today's cheapest and dearest, and "
+      "that tomorrow's prices are in",
+      s_arb["plan"]["price_line"] == ("Price now €0.16 per kWh, all in. "
+                                      "Today: cheapest €0.14 at 13:00, "
+                                      "dearest €0.36 at 19:00.")
+      and s_arb["plan"]["tomorrow_line"] == "Tomorrow's prices are in.")
+
+c_late = make(ARB)
+c_late.tariff_plan, c_late.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+c_late.peak_guard = quiet_guard()
+s_late = status(c_late, now=NOW + timedelta(hours=9))    # 20:40 local
+check("a block whose hour is over is not drawn: at 20:40 no trade is left "
+      "today",
+      not [r for r in s_late["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")])
+
+c_peak = make(ARB)
+c_peak.tariff_plan, c_peak.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+c_peak.peak_guard = PeakDecision(engaged=True, floor_w=800.0,
+                                 ceiling_w=3500.0, ceiling_from="cap",
+                                 projected_w=3900.0)
+s_peak = status(c_peak)
+check("while the peak limit holds, the verdict refuses as the cycle does: no "
+      "trade block, a plain line, and a peak block for this 15-minute period",
+      not [r for r in s_peak["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")]
+      and homeview.line_no_trade("peak") in s_peak["plan"]["lines"]
+      and [(r["from"], r["to"]) for r in s_peak["plan"]["runs"]
+           if r["kind"] == "peak"] == [("11:30", "11:45"), ("11:30", "11:45")])
+
+c_pk = make(ARB)
+c_pk.p1_enabled = True        # the peak line is shown where P1 runs
+c_pk.tariff_plan, c_pk.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+c_pk.peak_guard = PeakDecision(engaged=False, floor_w=None, ceiling_w=4200.0,
+                               ceiling_from="month_peak", projected_w=1240.0)
+s_pk = status(c_pk)
+check("the plan's peak line names the guard's ceiling, which is this month's "
+      "peak once it is above the limit",
+      homeview.line_peak_limit(4200.0, False) in s_pk["plan"]["lines"]
+      and s_pk["month_peak"]["line"].endswith("above 4.2 kW."))
+
+c_blind = make(ARB)
+c_blind.tariff_plan, c_blind.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+s_blind = status(c_blind)          # meter_source off: the guard never runs
+check("with nothing measuring the 15-minute peak, trading is NOT drawn, as "
+      "the cycle refuses it (guard state None)",
+      not [r for r in s_blind["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")]
+      and homeview.line_no_trade("not_covered") in s_blind["plan"]["lines"])
+
+c_flat = make(ARB)
+c_flat.tariff_plan, c_flat.tariff_at = provider_plan(prices=[.2] * 24), NOW
+c_flat.peak_guard = quiet_guard()
+s_flat = status(c_flat)
+check("a flat day: no trade, no cheap or expensive hour marked",
+      not [r for r in s_flat["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")]
+      and {b["kind"] for b in s_flat["plan"]["prices"]} == {"mid"}
+      and homeview.line_no_trade("not_worth") in s_flat["plan"]["lines"])
+
+c_old = make(ARB)
+c_old.tariff_plan = provider_plan()
+c_old.tariff_at = NOW - timedelta(hours=3)                # past its max age
+c_old.peak_guard = quiet_guard()
+s_old = status(c_old)
+check("a stale plan is not traded on by the cycle, so it is not drawn",
+      not [r for r in s_old["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] in ("grid", "give")])
+
+MAINT = dict(TWO, maintenance_enabled=True, maintenance_start_hour=12)
+c_m = make(MAINT)
+s_m = status(c_m)
+_cyc = [r for r in s_m["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] == "cycle"]
+check("a monthly cycle due today is drawn on ONE battery, at the start hour "
+      "the cycle uses (12 UTC is 14:00 here), and the other one waits",
+      len(_cyc) == 1 and field(nth(_cyc), "from") == "14:00"
+      and s_m["plan"]["verdict_key"] == "cycle"
+      and any("waits its turn" in x for x in s_m["plan"]["lines"]))
+check("...with its duration from the battery's capacity and the cycle's rates "
+      "and hold time",
+      present(nth(_cyc)) and _cyc[0]["amount"].startswith("Takes about ")
+      and _cyc[0]["end_h"] > _cyc[0]["start_h"] + 2)
+c_m.maints[0].store.set("phase", "drain")
+s_md = status(c_m)
+check("a cycle under way is drawn from now, and the battery's now line says "
+      "so",
+      [r["from"] for r in s_md["plan"]["runs"] if r["kind"] == "cycle"]
+      == ["11:40"]
+      and s_md["batteries"][0]["now"] == "Monthly cycle: emptying."
+      and any("Battery B waits its turn" in x for x in s_md["plan"]["lines"]))
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("\n3. shadow mode, a stopped site, an alarm")
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+c_sh = make(dict(ARB, shadow_mode="on"))
+c_sh.tariff_plan, c_sh.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+c_sh.peak_guard = quiet_guard()
+s_sh = status(c_sh)
+_texts = [r["what"] for r in s_sh["plan"]["runs"]] + [s_sh["plan"]["head"]]
+check("shadow: the state is shadow, the battery tile is held at 0 W, and "
+      "every block and the head say 'would'",
+      s_sh["state"]["kind"] == "shadow"
+      and s_sh["now"]["lines"]["batt"] == "Held at 0 W"
+      and all("ould" in x for x in _texts)
+      and s_sh["plan"]["head"].startswith("Shadow mode:"))
+check("...and 'Shadow mode is on' is the first item under Needs attention",
+      s_sh["attention"][0]["title"] == homeview.ATTN_SHADOW
+      and s_sh["attention"][0]["severity"] == "info")
+check("...and each battery's now line says it is held at 0 W",
+      all(b["now"].startswith("Held at 0 W.") for b in s_sh["batteries"]))
+
+s_stop = status(make(TWO, auto=False))
+check("stopped: nothing is planned and the head says so",
+      s_stop["plan"]["runs"] == [] and s_stop["state"]["kind"] == "stopped"
+      and s_stop["plan"]["verdict_key"] == "stopped"
+      and s_stop["control"]["running"] is False
+      and all(b["now"] == "Held at 0 W while control is stopped."
+              for b in s_stop["batteries"]))
+
+c_al = make(ONE, soc=(62.0,), batt=(0.0,))
+c_al.inverters[0].sign_wd.tripped = True
+s_al = c_al.status_payload()
+_red = [a for a in s_al["attention"] if a["severity"] == "alarm"]
+check("an alarm: level bad, state alarm, and the red row is the first item "
+      "under Needs attention",
+      s_al["level"] == "bad" and s_al["state"]["kind"] == "alarm"
+      and _red and s_al["attention"][0] is _red[0]
+      and _red[0]["title"] == homeview.ATTN_TITLES["direction"])
+check("...and nothing is planned while every inverter is held at 0 W",
+      s_al["plan"]["runs"] == [] and s_al["plan"]["verdict_key"] == "held")
+_rows = [r for r in s_al["checks"] if not r["ok"] and not r["warn"]]
+check("...and every red, amber and settling row reaches Needs attention with "
+      "its own sentence as the body, and no green row does",
+      [a["body"] for a in homeview.attention(s_al["checks"])]
+      == [r["text"] for r in s_al["checks"] if not r["ok"] and not r["warn"]]
+      + [r["text"] for r in s_al["checks"] if not r["ok"] and r["warn"]]
+      + [r["text"] for r in s_al["checks"] if r["ok"] and r["warn"]])
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("\n4. a fault in the Home view never costs the page its rows")
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+_real = homeview.build
+try:
+    homeview.build = lambda *a, **k: 1 / 0
+    s_err = make(ONE, soc=(50.0,), batt=(0.0,)).status_payload()
+finally:
+    homeview.build = _real
+check("the old fields are served and `home_error` says the rest is missing",
+      OLD <= set(s_err) and s_err.get("home_error") is True
+      and not (NEW & set(s_err)))
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("\n5. the page")
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+PAGE = web.page()
+JS = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "static", "app.js"),
+             encoding="utf-8").read()
+UI = json.load(io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "ui_text", "en.json"),
+                       encoding="utf-8"))["home"]
+
+
+def resolve(path):
+    node = UI
+    for k in path.split("."):
+        if not isinstance(node, dict) or k not in node:
+            return None
+        node = node[k]
+    return node
+
+
+check("the page is assembled: no placeholder is left and the words parse",
+      "/*APP_CSS*/" not in PAGE and "/*APP_JS*/" not in PAGE
+      and "/*UI_TEXT*/" not in PAGE
+      and json.loads(PAGE.split('id="ui-text">', 1)[1]
+                     .split("</script>", 1)[0].replace("<\\/", "</"))["home"]
+      == UI)
+check("four tabs with the four hash routes, in a keyboard tablist",
+      re.findall(r'data-hash="(\w+)"', PAGE) == ["home", "batteries",
+                                                 "settings", "setup"]
+      and 'role="tablist"' in PAGE and PAGE.count('role="tabpanel"') == 4
+      and "ArrowRight" in JS and "ArrowLeft" in JS)
+_ext = re.findall(r"""(?:https?:)?//[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[a-z]{2,}""", PAGE)
+check(f"no external file and no web font: no URL leaves the add-on "
+      f"({_ext})", not _ext and "@import" not in PAGE
+      and "<link" not in PAGE and "src=" not in PAGE)
+_abs = re.findall(r"""(?:fetch\(|href=)["'](/[^"']*)["']""", PAGE)
+check(f"every fetch and link is relative, for ingress ({_abs})",
+      not _abs and 'fetch("status"' in JS and 'fetch("action"' in JS)
+_keys = set(re.findall(r'data-t(?:-label)?="([\w.]+)"', PAGE)) | set(
+    re.findall(r'''\bt\("([\w.]+)"\)''', JS))
+_missing = sorted(k for k in _keys if not isinstance(resolve(k), str))
+check(f"every label the page asks for is in app/ui_text ({len(_keys)} "
+      f"keys; missing: {_missing})", len(_keys) > 30 and not _missing)
+check("data is set as text, never as HTML, so no status sentence can inject "
+      "markup", "innerHTML" not in JS and "insertAdjacentHTML" not in JS)
+check("every function of the old page is still on it: start/stop, the "
+      "maintenance start and abort, the status rows, the checks and the "
+      "event line",
+      "auto_toggle" in JS and '"maint_start"' in JS and '"maint_abort"' in JS
+      and 'id="rows"' in PAGE and 'id="checks"' in PAGE
+      and 'id="hint"' in PAGE and 'href="config"' in PAGE)
+check("stopping, starting and both maintenance actions ask first",
+      all(f'ask("{k}"' in JS for k in ("stop", "start", "maint_start",
+                                       "maint_abort")))
+check("tooltips open on hover, on a tap and on keyboard focus",
+      "pointermove" in JS and "pointerdown" in JS and "focusin" in JS)
+check("the chart is not colour alone: expensive hours and blocks are "
+      "patterned, and every item has a text label",
+      "repeating-linear-gradient" in PAGE and '"aria-label": tipText' in JS)
+check("the phone layout puts the tabs at the bottom under 640 px, and dark "
+      "mode follows the system",
+      "@media (max-width:640px)" in PAGE and "position:fixed;bottom:0" in PAGE
+      and "prefers-color-scheme:dark" in PAGE)
+
+
+async def _serve():
+    class _Sup:
+        async def info(self):
+            return {"options": {"price_taxes_eur_kwh": FLANDERS,
+                                "price_taxes_profile": ""},
+                    "schema": [], "translations": {}}
+    c = make(ONE, soc=(50.0,), batt=(0.0,))
+    runner = aioweb.AppRunner(web.build_app(c, _Sup()))
+    await runner.setup()
+    site = aioweb.TCPSite(runner, "127.0.0.1", 0)
+    await site.start()
+    port = site._server.sockets[0].getsockname()[1]
+    out = {}
+    try:
+        async with ClientSession() as s:
+            async with s.get(f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/") as r:
+                out["page"] = (r.status, r.content_type, await r.text())
+            async with s.get(f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/status") as r:
+                out["status"] = await r.json()
+            async with s.get(f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/config/model") as r:
+                out["model"] = await r.json()
+    finally:
+        await runner.cleanup()
+    return out
+
+
+E = asyncio.run(_serve())
+check("GET / serves the assembled page as HTML", E["page"][0] == 200
+      and E["page"][1] == "text/html" and E["page"][2] == PAGE)
+check("GET status over HTTP carries both halves",
+      OLD <= set(E["status"]) and NEW <= set(E["status"]))
+check("the levies preset and its year reach config/model for the P2 "
+      "Settings screens (P0 review follow-up)",
+      E["model"].get("region") == {"id": "flanders", "year": 2026})
+c_reg = make(dict(ARB, price_taxes_eur_kwh=FLANDERS))
+c_reg.tariff_plan, c_reg.tariff_at = provider_plan(), NOW
+s_reg = status(c_reg)
+check("...and Home names the preset with its year wherever prices come from "
+      "a feed, and says 'your own figure' otherwise",
+      s_reg["plan"]["region"] == {"id": "flanders", "year": 2026}
+      and s_reg["plan"]["region_line"]
+      == "Levies and VAT: Flanders, Fluvius Antwerpen, 2026 figures."
+      and s_arb["plan"]["region_line"] == "Levies and VAT: your own figure."
+      and s_house["plan"]["region_line"] == "")
+
+print()
+if fails:
+    print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED")
+    sys.exit(1)
+print("all passed")

goodwe_controller/test_messages.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ Run `python3 -B test_messages.py --violations` to print what part 3 sees.
 
 import ast
 import hashlib
+import json
 import os
 import re
 import sys
@@ -388,6 +389,9 @@ LIMITS = {                      # kind: (words, keys ok, entity ids ok)
     "log": (25, True, True),
     "option-name": (6, False, False),
     "option-desc": (30, True, True),
+    "note": (25, True, True),           # UX-13: a settings-page warning
+    "ui-name": (6, False, False),       # UX-13: app/ui_text, a name or choice
+    "ui-desc": (25, False, False),      # UX-13: app/ui_text, one-line help
 }
 LOG_CALL = re.compile(r"(?:^|\.)(?:_LOG|log|logger|LOG)\.(warning|error|critical|exception)$")
 
@@ -453,6 +457,10 @@ def collect():
                     if arg is not None:
                         for n, t in strings_in(arg):
                             out.append(("log", f"{f.name}:{n.lineno}", t))
+                elif name.endswith("_advise") and node.args:
+                    for n, t in strings_in(node.args[-1], expand=True):
+                        if len(words(t)) > 1:
+                            out.append(("note", f"{f.name}:{n.lineno}", t))
                 elif re.search(r"problems\.(append|extend)$", name):
                     for a in node.args:
                         for n, t in strings_in(a, expand=True):
@@ -475,6 +483,16 @@ def collect():
                 if isinstance(v.get("fields"), dict):
                     walk(v["fields"], f"{path}{key}.")
         walk(tr.get("configuration"), "")
+    # UX-13: the new page's own words, held to the option texts' rule.
+    for f in sorted((APP / "ui_text").glob("*.json")):
+        def walk_ui(node, path):
+            for key, v in node.items():
+                if isinstance(v, dict):
+                    walk_ui(v, f"{path}{key}.")
+                elif isinstance(v, str):
+                    out.append(("ui-desc" if key == "description" else
+                                "ui-name", f"{f.name}:{path}{key}", v))
+        walk_ui(json.loads(f.read_text(encoding="utf-8")), "")
     return out
 
 
@@ -485,6 +503,8 @@ def problems_of(kind, text):
         p.append(f"over {lim} words ({len(words(text))})")
     if ";" in text:
         p.append("semicolon")
+    if kind in ("note", "ui-desc") and sentences(text) > 1:
+        p.append(f"over 1 sentence ({sentences(text)})")
     return p + text_problems(text, keys=keys, entities=ents)
 
 
@@ -877,6 +897,7 @@ DATA = {
     "main.py:messages.when(brussels(self.tariff_at))",
     "main.py:messages.duration(TARIFF_MAX_AGE_S)",
     "main.py:messages.count(len(targets), 'inverter')",
+    "main.py:messages.seconds(self.p1.max_age_s)",
     # maintenance.py, mqtt.py, p1.py
     "maintenance.py:phase", "mqtt.py:err", "p1.py:err", "p1.py:self.host",
     "p1.py:self.topic", "p1.py:poll_s", "p1.py:ingest.max_age_s",
@@ -1047,20 +1068,35 @@ def _static(spec):
     return [t for t in out if len(words(t)) > 1]
 
 
+# UX-11: a WARNING+ line quotes a safety reason by its code only. The reason,
+# with its figures, is on a DEBUG line beside it and in the action log.
+SAFETY_REASONS = {
+    "sign": _sign_texts, "circulation": _circ_texts,
+    "delivery": _delivery_texts, "clamp": _clamp_texts, "peak": _peak_texts,
+    "freeze": _freeze_texts, "stale": _stale_texts,
+}
+
+
+def _coded(maker):
+    """The codes a WARNING+ line shows for the reasons `maker` builds, plus
+    the fallback for a restored stop with no reason saved."""
+    return lambda: ([messages.reason_code(t) for t in maker()]
+                    + [messages.reason_code("")])
+
+
 TEXT = {
-    "main.py:first.sign_wd.reason": _sign_texts,
-    "main.py:inv.sign_wd.reason": _sign_texts,
-    "main.py:inv.sign_wd.reason or '(reason not recorded)'": _sign_texts,
-    "main.py:self.site_sign_wd.reason": _sign_texts,
-    "main.py:self.site_sign_wd.reason or '(reason not recorded)'": _sign_texts,
-    "main.py:self.circ_wd.reason": _circ_texts,
-    "main.py:self.circ_wd.reason or '(reason not recorded)'": _circ_texts,
-    "main.py:inv.delivery_wd.reason": _delivery_texts,
-    "main.py:inv.delivery_wd.reason or '(reason not recorded)'": _delivery_texts,
-    "main.py:self.clamp_wd.reason": _clamp_texts,
-    "main.py:g.reason": _peak_texts,
-    "main.py:self.freeze_wd.reason": _freeze_texts,
-    "main.py:inv.batt_fresh.reason": _stale_texts,
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(first.sign_wd.reason)": _coded(_sign_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(inv.sign_wd.reason)": _coded(_sign_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(self.site_sign_wd.reason)":
+        _coded(_sign_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(self.circ_wd.reason)": _coded(_circ_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(inv.delivery_wd.reason)":
+        _coded(_delivery_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(self.clamp_wd.reason)": _coded(_clamp_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(g.reason)": _coded(_peak_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(self.freeze_wd.reason)":
+        _coded(_freeze_texts),
+    "main.py:messages.reason_code(inv.batt_fresh.reason)": _coded(_stale_texts),
     "main.py:rep.explain()": _migration_texts,
     "store.py:rep.explain()": _migration_texts,
     "main.py:plan.words": _tariff_texts,
@@ -1086,6 +1122,26 @@ TEXT = {
 }
 
 
+# UX-11: a WARNING+ line, as logged with its built text filled in, is at most
+# 25 words (STYLE.md). These families are not safety reasons and were not
+# rewritten by UX-11. Each is listed with why, the list may only shrink
+# (LONG_LINE_CAP), and a listed key that no longer runs long fails.
+LONG_LINE_OK = {
+    "main.py:plan.words": "tariff plan words, TARIFF-11 pins them, follow-up",
+    "static_tariff.py:read.reason": "price feed reasons, follow-up",
+    "main.py:rep.explain()": "state migration report, names saved keys",
+    "store.py:rep.explain()": "state migration report, names saved keys",
+    "main.py:refusal": "write refusals, a software fault only",
+    "main.py:' / '.join(resolution.scope_errors)":
+        "claim scope errors, a software fault only",
+    "maintenance.py:msg": "maintenance gate reasons, follow-up",
+    "price_forecast.py:gate.reason": "trading gate reasons, follow-up",
+    "price_history.py:self.last_error": "price history errors, follow-up",
+}
+LONG_LINE_CAP = 9
+LINE_WORDS = 25
+
+
 def reason_problems(text):
     """STYLE.md's red-alarm shape, for a text a log line quotes."""
     out = []
@@ -1133,10 +1189,12 @@ def _fill(template, fmt_node, key_part, sample):
     return template  # %-style: filled by the caller
 
 
-def scan_log_lines(files, text=None, data=None):
+def scan_log_lines(files, text=None, data=None, long_ok=None, long_seen=None):
     """-> (unclassified keys, stale keys, [(key, sample, problems)])."""
     text = TEXT if text is None else text
     data = DATA if data is None else data
+    long_ok = LONG_LINE_OK if long_ok is None else long_ok
+    long_seen = set() if long_seen is None else long_seen
     seen, bad = set(), []
     for fname, tree in files:
         for key, call in dynamic_parts(tree, fname):
@@ -1162,6 +1220,11 @@ def scan_log_lines(files, text=None, data=None):
                     line = PLACEHOLDER.sub("X", line).replace("\0", sample)
                 p += [f"as logged: {x}" for x in line_problems(line)
                       + logged_shape(line) if x not in p]
+                if len(words(line)) > LINE_WORDS:
+                    long_seen.add(key)
+                    if key not in long_ok:
+                        p.append(f"as logged: over {LINE_WORDS} words "
+                                 f"({len(words(line))})")
                 if p:
                     bad.append((key, sample, p))
     unknown = sorted(seen - set(data) - set(text))
@@ -1171,14 +1234,81 @@ def scan_log_lines(files, text=None, data=None):
 
 _FILES = [(f.name, ast.parse(f.read_text(encoding="utf-8")))
           for f in sorted(APP.glob("*.py"))]
-_unknown, _stale, _bad = scan_log_lines(_FILES)
+_long_seen = set()
+_unknown, _stale, _bad = scan_log_lines(_FILES, long_seen=_long_seen)
 for k, sample, p in _bad:
-    print(f"       BAD  {k}: {'; '.join(p)} :: {sample[:110]!r}")
+    print(f"       BAD  {k}: {'; '.join(p)} :: {sample!r}")
 check(f"every dynamic part of a WARNING+ line is classified as data or as a "
       f"built text (unclassified: {_unknown})", not _unknown)
 check(f"...and no classification is left over from a line that is gone "
       f"(stale: {_stale})", not _stale)
 _n_texts = sum(len(m()) for m in TEXT.values() if m is not None)
+check(f"UX-11: no WARNING+ line runs over {LINE_WORDS} words as logged, except "
+      f"the {len(LONG_LINE_OK)} listed families, and none of them is a safety "
+      f"reason (cap {LONG_LINE_CAP})",
+      len(LONG_LINE_OK) <= LONG_LINE_CAP
+      and not any("reason_code" in k
+                  or TEXT.get(k) in SAFETY_REASONS.values()
+                  for k in LONG_LINE_OK))
+check(f"...and every listed family still runs long, so the list only shrinks "
+      f"(no longer long: {sorted(set(LONG_LINE_OK) - _long_seen)})",
+      set(LONG_LINE_OK) <= _long_seen)
+
+
+def _code_lines_without_evidence(files):
+    """WARNING+ calls quoting `messages.reason_code(X)` whose next statement
+    is not a DEBUG call that logs X itself (UX-11: nothing is lost)."""
+    out, n = [], 0
+    for fname, tree in files:
+        for node in ast.walk(tree):
+            for body in (getattr(node, f, None) for f in ("body", "orelse")):
+                if not isinstance(body, list):
+                    continue
+                for i, st in enumerate(body):
+                    call = st.value if isinstance(st, ast.Expr) else None
+                    if not (isinstance(call, ast.Call)
+                            and LOG_CALL.search(ast.unparse(call.func))):
+                        continue
+                    coded = [a.args[0] for a in call.args
+                             if isinstance(a, ast.Call) and a.args
+                             and ast.unparse(a.func) == "messages.reason_code"]
+                    if not coded:
+                        continue
+                    n += 1
+                    nxt = body[i + 1] if i + 1 < len(body) else None
+                    dbg = (nxt.value if isinstance(nxt, ast.Expr)
+                           and isinstance(nxt.value, ast.Call)
+                           and ast.unparse(nxt.value.func).endswith(".debug")
+                           else None)
+                    want = ast.unparse(coded[0])
+                    if dbg is None or not any(
+                            ast.unparse(a) == want
+                            or ast.unparse(a).startswith(want + " or ")
+                            for a in dbg.args):
+                        out.append(f"{fname}:{call.lineno}")
+    return n, out
+
+
+_n_coded, _no_evidence = _code_lines_without_evidence(_FILES)
+check(f"every WARNING+ line that quotes a reason code ({_n_coded}) has the "
+      f"reason itself on a DEBUG line right after it (missing: {_no_evidence})",
+      _n_coded >= 14 and not _no_evidence)
+_n_m, _m_bad = _code_lines_without_evidence([("x.py", ast.parse(
+    "_LOG.error('Stop: %s.', messages.reason_code(wd.reason))\n"
+    "_LOG.debug('Something else.')\n"))])
+check("...and a line whose DEBUG evidence was dropped is caught",
+      _n_m == 1 and _m_bad == ["x.py:1"])
+_evidence_bad = [(n, t, reason_problems(t)) for n, m in SAFETY_REASONS.items()
+                 for t in m() if reason_problems(t)]
+check(f"the safety reasons behind those lines, on the DEBUG line and in the "
+      f"action log, keep the red-alarm shape ({_evidence_bad})",
+      not _evidence_bad)
+_codes = {n: [messages.reason_code(t) for t in m()]
+          for n, m in SAFETY_REASONS.items()}
+check(f"...and every one carries a code the line can quote ({_codes})",
+      all(re.fullmatch(r"[A-Z]+(?:_[A-Z]+)+", c)
+          and c not in (messages.NO_REASON_SAVED, messages.NO_REASON_CODE)
+          for cs in _codes.values() for c in cs))
 check(f"every built text, run for real, obeys the rule, and so does the line "
       f"that quotes it ({_n_texts} texts, {len(_bad)} bad)", not _bad)
 _counts = [f"{f}:{n.lineno}" for f, t in _FILES for n in ast.walk(t)
@@ -1208,29 +1338,43 @@ _clamp_lines = {
     "error, write": (_clamp_line("Power request too high"), _w1),
     "warning, loop": (_clamp_line("The battery gives less than asked"), _at),
 }
-_clamp_shown = {k: (f % (r, messages.times(1)) if f else None)
+_clamp_shown = {k: (f % (messages.reason_code(r), messages.times(1))
+                    if f else None)
                 for k, (f, r) in _clamp_lines.items()}
 for k, v in _clamp_shown.items():
     print(f"       {k}: {v!r} ({len(words(v or ''))} words)")
-check("the clamp lines for one inverter are at most 3 sentences and 30 words, "
-      "and keep OUTPUT_CLAMP and the numbers",
-      all(v and sentences(v) <= 3 and len(words(v)) <= 30
+check("UX-11: the clamp lines are at most 25 words and keep OUTPUT_CLAMP and "
+      "the count, and the numbers are in the reason the DEBUG line beside "
+      "them logs",
+      all(v and len(words(v)) <= LINE_WORDS
           and "OUTPUT_CLAMP" in v and "1 time so far" in v
-          for v in _clamp_shown.values())
-      and all(x in _clamp_shown["error, loop"]
-              for x in ("+9000 W", "+5000 W", "+2000 W", "software fault")))
+          and "+9000" not in v for v in _clamp_shown.values())
+      and "software fault" in _clamp_shown["error, loop"]
+      and all(x in _over for x in ("+9000 W", "+5000 W", "+2000 W")))
 
 # Mutations: the scan catches what the 2d scan missed.
 _OLD_CLAMP = ("OUTPUT_CLAMP: the loop computed +2148 W, over the 2000 W rating, "
               "and it was clamped to +2000 W; the loop's command this cycle was "
               "+440 W. This is a BUG SIGNAL, not a limit being used: something "
               "upstream computed a setpoint the actuator cannot deliver.")
-_mut_text = dict(TEXT, **{"main.py:self.clamp_wd.reason": lambda: [_OLD_CLAMP]})
+_mut_text = dict(TEXT, **{"main.py:messages.reason_code(self.clamp_wd.reason)":
+                          lambda: [_OLD_CLAMP]})
 _u, _s, _b = scan_log_lines([f for f in _FILES if f[0] == "main.py"],
                             text=_mut_text)
 check("an injected bad reason (the 2d clamp text) is caught, on both clamp "
       f"lines ({sorted({k for k, _t, _p in _b if 'clamp' in k})})",
-      [k for k, _t, _p in _b].count("main.py:self.clamp_wd.reason") == 2)
+      [k for k, _t, _p in _b].count(
+          "main.py:messages.reason_code(self.clamp_wd.reason)") == 2)
+# UX-11: the line that quoted the whole STALE_READING reason (60 words on
+# TEST-23) is caught by the length rule alone.
+_old_stale = dict(TEXT, **{"main.py:messages.reason_code(inv.batt_fresh.reason)":
+                           _stale_texts})
+_u, _s, _b = scan_log_lines([f for f in _FILES if f[0] == "main.py"],
+                            text=_old_stale)
+check("...and the UX-10 stale line, which quoted the whole reason, is caught "
+      f"for its length ({[p for k, _t, p in _b if 'batt_fresh' in k][:1]})",
+      any("batt_fresh" in k and any(f"over {LINE_WORDS} words" in x for x in p)
+          for k, _t, p in _b))
 _new_site = ast.parse("_LOG.warning('Something broke: %s', self.new_wd.reason)")
 _u, _s, _b = scan_log_lines([("main.py", _new_site)])
 check(f"...and a new line quoting a text nobody classified is caught ({_u})",
@@ -1275,6 +1419,8 @@ import logging                                                    # noqa: E402
 from app import hass as _hass, p1 as _p1, validate as _validate, web as _web  # noqa: E402
 from app.arbiter import Claim                                     # noqa: E402
 from app.main import Controller, why_key                          # noqa: E402
+from app import control as _control                              # noqa: E402
+from app import main as _main                                    # noqa: E402
 
 
 class _Rec(logging.Handler):
@@ -1460,6 +1606,11 @@ for _f in sorted(APP.glob("*.py")):
 _keys = {why_key(s, [Claim.set(s, 0, 0.0, r)]) for s, r in _SOURCES}
 _keys |= {why_key("failsafe", []),
           why_key("failsafe", [Claim.set("loop", 0, 1.0, "tracking")])}
+# SAFETY-52: the loop's claim reason is computed, so the scan cannot see it.
+_keys |= {why_key("loop", [Claim.set("loop", 0, 0.0, _r)])
+          for _r in (_control.REFUSED, _control.PROBING)}
+check("...including the loop's two battery-refuses reasons, which get words of "
+      "their own", {_control.REFUSED, _control.PROBING} <= _keys)
 check(f"the scan found the claims ({len(_SOURCES)}), including the latched "
       f"per-inverter stop the 2d test saw as 'Other'",
       ("failsafe", "sign disagreement") in _SOURCES and len(_SOURCES) >= 8)
@@ -1487,6 +1638,9 @@ class _H:
     async def call(self, *a, **k):
         return True
 
+    async def set_number(self, *a, **k):
+        return True
+
 
 class _S:
     data = {}
@@ -1549,6 +1703,183 @@ _c.why_words = "Keeping the grid near zero: 0 W"
 check("...and once a cycle decides again, the line is that decision",
       _c.why_words == "Keeping the grid near zero: 0 W")
 
+# UX-11 item 3: past the hold, the Why line says which reading is missing,
+# not "A reading is missing: 0 W". Driven through cycle() for real.
+_c.inputs_bad_since = _dt.now(_tz.utc) - _td(seconds=20)
+asyncio.run(_c.cycle())
+check(f"past the hold, the Why line names the missing reading "
+      f"({_c.why_words!r})",
+      _c.why_words == "No usable meter reading for over 15 seconds: 0 W")
+
+# UX-11 item 2: the red meter row says the log shows why. A meter that goes
+# quiet logs one WARNING per episode, not one per cycle, and INFO when back.
+_c.p1_enabled = True
+_c.p1 = _p1.P1Ingest(max_age_s=30.0)
+
+
+def _meter_at(age_s):
+    import time as _time
+    _c.p1.submit(_p1.make_sample(_p1.SOURCE_HA, 500.0, 0.0, phases=1,
+                                 ingest_mono=_time.monotonic() - age_s))
+
+
+def _quiet_episodes():
+    # Two quiet episodes close together, then a third 10 minutes on.
+    for age in (1, 40, 45, 50, 1, 2, 60, 65, 1):
+        _meter_at(age)
+        asyncio.run(_c.read_inputs())
+    _c._meter_quiet_warned -= _main.METER_QUIET_REPEAT_S
+    for age in (40, 45, 1):
+        _meter_at(age)
+        asyncio.run(_c.read_inputs())
+
+
+_mq = [r for r in _captured("goodwe", _quiet_episodes)
+       if "meter" in r.getMessage().lower()]
+_mq_warn = [r.getMessage() for r in _mq if r.levelno == logging.WARNING]
+_mq_info = [r.getMessage() for r in _mq if r.levelno == logging.INFO]
+_mq_dbg = [r.getMessage() for r in _mq if r.levelno == logging.DEBUG]
+check(f"a meter that goes quiet logs one WARNING per episode, not per cycle, "
+      f"and one INFO when readings return, and a flapping meter at most one "
+      f"pair per {_main.METER_QUIET_REPEAT_S:.0f} s ({_mq_warn}, {_mq_info}, "
+      f"{_mq_dbg})",
+      len(_mq_warn) == 2 and _mq_info == ["Meter readings are back."] * 2
+      and len(_mq_dbg) == 2
+      and _mq_warn[0] == "No meter reading for over 30 seconds, so control "
+                         "waits and then sets the battery to 0 W."
+      and len(words(_mq_warn[0])) <= LINE_WORDS)
+
+# UX-11 item 1: a state file saved before UX-11 holds the long reasons, and
+# they load unchanged. The ERROR line at start shows the code, and the saved
+# text goes on the DEBUG line beside it. Old and new files look the same,
+# because the saved reason's format did not change and it opens with its code.
+_OLD = {
+    "sign": "SIGN_DISAGREEMENT: commanded -1000 W against a meter reading "
+            "+1500 W for 180 s continuously (limits: both over 300 W, held "
+            "over 180 s)",
+    "delivery": "UNIT_NOT_DELIVERING: inverter-a is standing at +2000 W and "
+                "delivering +0 W - 2000 W of its share (100 % of it) is not "
+                "arriving - while inverter-b is not in that state. Nothing "
+                "this add-on reads explains it - held for 121 s continuously "
+                "(limit: over 120 s)",
+    "circ": "CIRCULATING_POWER: 5800 W measured going round between the "
+            "inverters for 61 s, peaking at 6000 W, over the limits of 250 W "
+            "and 60 s. The meter cannot see it, because it nets to zero there",
+}
+
+
+class _OldStore(_S):
+    data = {"unit/inverter-a/sign_tripped": True,
+            "unit/inverter-a/sign_reason": _OLD["sign"],
+            "unit/inverter-a/delivery_tripped": True,
+            "unit/inverter-a/delivery_reason": _OLD["delivery"],
+            "circ_tripped": True, "circ_reason": _OLD["circ"],
+            "site_sign_tripped": True, "site_sign_reason": ""}
+
+
+_restart = []
+_rs = _captured("goodwe", lambda: _restart.append(Controller(
+    {"setpoint_entity": "number.sp", "meter_source": "off", "max_w": 2000},
+    _H(), _OldStore(), _P(), stop=asyncio.Event())))
+_rs_err = [r.getMessage() for r in _rs if r.levelno == logging.ERROR]
+_rs_dbg = [r.getMessage() for r in _rs if r.levelno == logging.DEBUG]
+for _m in _rs_err:
+    print(f"       {_m!r} ({len(words(_m))} words)")
+check("an old state file's long reasons load unchanged, so the stops stay on",
+      _restart and _restart[0].inverters[0].sign_wd.tripped
+      and _restart[0].inverters[0].sign_wd.reason == _OLD["sign"]
+      and _restart[0].inverters[0].delivery_wd.reason == _OLD["delivery"]
+      and _restart[0].circ_wd.reason == _OLD["circ"])
+check("...each ERROR line at start is one plain sentence with the code, at "
+      f"most {LINE_WORDS} words, and a stop saved without a reason says so",
+      len(_rs_err) == 4
+      and all(len(words(m)) <= LINE_WORDS and "(limits" not in m
+              for m in _rs_err)
+      and any(m.endswith(": SIGN_DISAGREEMENT.") for m in _rs_err)
+      and any(m.endswith(": UNIT_NOT_DELIVERING.") for m in _rs_err)
+      and any(m.endswith(": CIRCULATING_POWER.") for m in _rs_err)
+      and any(m.endswith(f": {messages.NO_REASON_SAVED}.") for m in _rs_err))
+check("...and the saved text, figures and all, is on a DEBUG line beside it",
+      all(any(t in m for m in _rs_dbg) for t in _OLD.values()))
+# UX-11 review: `log_level` defaults to info and `events` starts empty, so the
+# saved figures also go on the action log, where `status` shows them.
+_rs_ev = _restart[0].events if _restart else []
+check(f"...and in the action log, which an installer reads at the default "
+      f"log level ({len(_rs_ev)} events)",
+      all(any(t in e for e in _rs_ev) for t in _OLD.values())
+      and any(e.endswith(messages.NO_REASON_SAVED) for e in _rs_ev))
+
+# UX-11 item 4: the action log's clamp count and the shadow-off entry.
+_main_src = (APP / "main.py").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+check("the action log counts 'engagements' with a real plural and the "
+      "shadow-off entry is plain, not 'engagement(s)' or 'SHADOW MODE OFF -'",
+      "engagement(s)" not in _main_src and "SHADOW MODE OFF" not in _main_src
+      and messages.count(25, "engagement") == "25 engagements"
+      and messages.count(1, "engagement") == "1 engagement")
+
+# ============================================================================== #
+print("\n8. the Home screen's sentences (UX-13 P1)")
+# app/homeview.py builds every sentence the Home screen shows. Each is rendered
+# with real values by `text_samples()` and held to STYLE.md: a title at most 5
+# words, a plan line at most 2 sentences of at most 12 words each (the design
+# note's new row type), any other line 1 sentence of at most 25 words.
+from app import homeview                                          # noqa: E402
+
+PLAN_SENTENCE_WORDS, PLAN_SENTENCES = 12, 2
+
+
+def home_problems(kind, text):
+    if kind == "title":
+        return title_problems(text)
+    out = text_problems(text, keys=False, entities=False)
+    if ";" in text:
+        out.append("semicolon")
+    if kind == "line":
+        if sentences(text) > 1:
+            out.append(f"over 1 sentence ({sentences(text)})")
+        if len(words(text)) > 25:
+            out.append(f"over 25 words ({len(words(text))})")
+        return out
+    if sentences(text) > PLAN_SENTENCES:
+        out.append(f"plan line over {PLAN_SENTENCES} sentences")
+    long = [x for x in re.split(r"(?<=[.!?])\s+", text)
+            if len(words(x)) > PLAN_SENTENCE_WORDS]
+    if long:
+        out.append(f"plan sentence over {PLAN_SENTENCE_WORDS} words "
+                   f"({len(words(long[0]))}): {long[0]!r}")
+    return out
+
+
+_home = homeview.text_samples()
+_home_bad = [(k, t, p) for k, t in _home for p in [home_problems(k, t)] if p]
+for k, t, p in _home_bad:
+    print(f"    {k}: {t!r}: {p}")
+check(f"every Home sentence obeys its STYLE limit ({len(_home)} rendered, "
+      f"{len(_home_bad)} over)", len(_home) > 80 and not _home_bad)
+_shadowed = [t for k, t in homeview.text_samples() if "ould" in t]
+check("in shadow mode the Home plan says what the add-on WOULD do: every "
+      "shadow variant of a plan text carries 'would'",
+      all("ould" in f(True) for f in (
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_grid_what(2.5, sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_give_what(2.5, sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_cycle_what("idle", sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_cycle_why(sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_peak_what(3500, sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_house_what(sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_house_why(sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.plan_head("house", sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.plan_head("trade", sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.line_peak_limit(3500, sh)))
+      and not any("ould" in f(False) for f in (
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_grid_what(2.5, sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.run_house_what(sh),
+          lambda sh: homeview.plan_head("house", sh)))
+      and len(_shadowed) > 10)
+check("mutation: a 13-word plan sentence and a 6-word title are caught",
+      home_problems("plan", "One two three four five six seven eight nine "
+                            "ten eleven twelve thirteen.")
+      and home_problems("title", "One two three four five six"))
+
 print()
 if fails:
     print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED")

goodwe_controller/test_price.py

@@ -4412,12 +4412,16 @@ check(f"AC, AND THE WHOLE OF DEFECT 4: 'trading is off' and 'trading is on "
       f"`off (arbitrage_enabled)` for both - naming an option that is `true` "
       f"in the options blob",
       _T11_OFF[0]["Arbitrage"] != _T11_ON_HELD[0]["Arbitrage"])
+# ⚠️ THE "Why" ROW OF THE SAME RENDER, NOT A SECOND READ OF `why_words`. Since
+# UX-10 the waiting sentence counts its seconds when it is read, so reading the
+# property again here, after the other renders above, could cross a second
+# ("1 second" in the row, "2 seconds" now) - CI run 953 on PR #141 did.
 check(f"...and the armed-but-held row carries the CONTROL LOOP'S OWN REASON "
-      f"({_T11_ON_HELD[1].why_words!r}), so the operator is told which input is "
+      f"({_T11_ON_HELD[0]['Why']!r}), so the operator is told which input is "
       f"missing rather than being sent to look at a switch that is already on. "
       f"The reason comes from main.py, not from this file",
-      _T11_ON_HELD[1].why_words
-      and _T11_ON_HELD[1].why_words in _T11_ON_HELD[0]["Arbitrage"])
+      _T11_ON_HELD[0]["Why"].startswith("A reading is missing")
+      and _T11_ON_HELD[0]["Why"] in _T11_ON_HELD[0]["Arbitrage"])
 check(f"...and a cycle that DID reach the step renders the strategy's own "
       f"sentence - {_T11_ON_OK[1].arb.explain()[:50]!r} - rather than a "
       f"re-derivation of it, which is the guarantee OPT-04 put on this row and "

goodwe_controller/test_pv.py

@@ -697,13 +697,24 @@ print(f"    {len(APP)} modules under app/; TEL-11 material is in: {_touch}")
 check(f"PRECONDITION: the scan found the whole package, not a subset - "
       f"{len(APP)} modules", len(APP) >= 25 and "control.py" in
       [f.name for f in APP])
-check("⭐ EXACTLY THREE MODULES CAN SEE THE MATERIAL: `pv.py` (the reader), "
-      "`main.py` (the read and the two operator surfaces) and `mqtt.py` (the "
-      "publication). `control.py`, `arbiter.py`, `allocator.py`, `peakguard.py`, "
-      "`arbitrage.py`, `maintenance.py`, `clamp.py`, `freeze.py`, "
-      "`watchdog.py`, `delivery.py` and `circulation.py` do not mention it in "
-      "any spelling, comments included",
-      _touch == ["main.py", "mqtt.py", "pv.py"])
+# UX-13 adds the settings surface: labels (messages.py), a settings warning
+# (validate.py) and the page's layout and derivation (uilayout.py, uimodel.py).
+# None of them decides anything, so the decision modules stay excluded.
+# UX-13 P1 adds homeview.py, the Home screen's read-only view: its House tile
+# is grid + solar + battery, and it shows nothing without a solar reading.
+_DECIDERS = ("control.py", "arbiter.py", "allocator.py", "peakguard.py",
+             "arbitrage.py", "maintenance.py", "clamp.py", "freeze.py",
+             "watchdog.py", "delivery.py", "circulation.py")
+check("⭐ ONLY THE READER, THE PUBLISHER AND THE SETTINGS SURFACE SEE THE "
+      "MATERIAL: `pv.py` (the reader), `main.py` (the read and the two operator "
+      "surfaces), `homeview.py` (the Home screen's view), `mqtt.py` (the "
+      "publication), and `messages.py`, `validate.py`, `uilayout.py` and "
+      "`uimodel.py` (settings). "
+      f"{', '.join(_DECIDERS)} do not mention it in any spelling, comments "
+      "included",
+      _touch == ["homeview.py", "main.py", "messages.py", "mqtt.py", "pv.py",
+                 "uilayout.py", "uimodel.py", "validate.py"]
+      and not set(_DECIDERS) & set(_touch))
 # habit 4 in the instrument: a scanner that cannot go red is not a scanner.
 check("...and the scan CAN go red - a module body with the material in it is "
       "caught, so the green above is the tree speaking and not the scanner "

goodwe_controller/test_refusal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+"""Runnable check for SAFETY-52.  `python3 test_refusal.py`
+
+A battery that refuses to give power (the BMS cut-out) used to leave the
+command standing at its last ask for hours: +5000 W for 11.87 h on 2026-09-06,
++1940 W for 3 h 55 m on the bus on 2026-09-19. Now a refused direction is held
+at 0 W, a 200 W probe asks every 15 minutes, and the refusal ends on charge, on
+an answered probe, on stop/start and when another writer takes the wire.
+DECISIONS/SAFETY-52 has the record and the replay figures.
+
+Mutating the modules this file grades? Purge `__pycache__` first, or run
+`tools/mutation_run.sh`, which does - see MUTATION.md.
+
+Parts 1-5 drive the REAL `Controller` (read_inputs + cycle, the real
+SAFETY-37/57 gate) against a scripted battery whose reading stands at exactly
+-4 W for any request >= -4 W at the cut-out, and follows otherwise. Time is the
+`now_mono` handed to `read_inputs()`, so 12 hours run in seconds. `OLD` runs the
+same fixture with `refused=None` forced into `compute()` - release/1.0's law -
+so every "new" figure is shown beside the one it replaces. Part 4 also runs
+`compute()` alone, as the bus saw 09-19 before the gate existed.
+
+Mutations, each on a copy of this tree purged of `__pycache__`, graded with
+`python3 -B` over test_refusal, test_control, test_clamp, test_telemetry and
+test_messages (MUTATION.md). Reds are failing checks, on this tree:
+
+  #   mutation                                                 reds
+  --  -------------------------------------------------------  ---------------
+  R1  control.py: the engage `if` -> `if False and ...`          8 here + 1 clamp
+      (release/1.0's behaviour)
+  R2  control.py: the exit on the other direction removed        1
+  R3  control.py: the exit on an answered probe removed          2
+  R4  control.py: `PROBE_W = 300.0`, above the gate's 250 W       4
+  R5  control.py: the hold keeps the old target, not 0 W          4
+  R6  main.py: `_refusal_from_stale()` returns at once           1
+  R7  main.py: another writer no longer ends the refusal         1
+  R8  main.py: stop/start no longer ends the refusal             1
+  R9  main.py: the probe window never opens                      4
+  R10 main.py: seed from a stale stop below `saturation_w` again,  1
+      not below REFUSED_BELOW_W (review of #141). The same mutation
+      in control.py's engage clause SURVIVES, and that is expected:
+      the delivery exit (R11) ends such a refusal in the same cycle.
+  R11 control.py: only an answered PROBE ends the refusal          2
+      (`and probe` back in the delivery exit; review of #141)
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+from app import control, freshness
+from app.control import PROBE_EVERY_S, PROBE_S, PROBE_W, REFUSED, PROBING
+from app.main import Controller, why_key
+from app.arbiter import Claim
+from app import messages
+
+fails = []
+
+
+def check(name, cond):
+    print(f"  {'ok  ' if cond else 'FAIL'} {name}")
+    if not cond:
+        fails.append(name)
+
+
+LIVE = {"max_w": 5000.0, "gain": 0.6, "slew_w": 400.0, "target_grid_w": -10.0,
+        "deadband_w": 15, "step_w": 10}
+TICK = 5.0            # the meter's measured median tick (replay_recorded_loop)
+CUT_W = -4.0          # what the register reads at the cut-out, 2026-09-06
+H = 3600.0
+BASE = datetime(2026, 9, 6, 19, 30, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+
+
+class _Store:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.data = {}
+
+    def set(self, *a):
+        pass
+
+    def get_time(self, *a):
+        return None
+
+
+class _Pub:
+    enabled = False
+
+    def publish(self, values):
+        pass
+
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class _Hass:
+    """House load, and a battery that follows unless `cut(t)` says it refuses.
+
+    At the cut-out the reading is exactly CUT_W for any request >= CUT_W (a flat
+    register, which is what arms or does not arm the stale-reading gate). A
+    charge request is followed: the pack accepts charge at the floor.
+    `cap(t)` limits discharge while not cut (the 09-06 pack gave 4570 W at 10 %).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, load, cut, cap=lambda t: 1e9):
+        self.load, self.cut, self.cap = load, cut, cap
+        self.t = 0.0
+        self.cmd = 0.0
+        self.writes = []
+
+    def batt(self):
+        if self.cut(self.t) and self.cmd >= CUT_W:
+            return CUT_W
+        return float(round(min(self.cmd, self.cap(self.t))))
+
+    async def limits(self, entity):
+        return (-LIVE["max_w"], LIVE["max_w"], 1.0)
+
+    async def number(self, entity, invert=False):
+        b = self.batt()
+        return {"sensor.grid": self.load(self.t) - b, "sensor.soc": 9.0,
+                "sensor.batt": b}.get(entity)
+
+    async def set_number(self, entity, value):
+        self.writes.append((self.t, float(value)))
+        self.cmd = float(value)
+        return True
+
+    async def call(self, *a):
+        return True
+
+
+def run(load, cut, dur, cap=lambda t: 1e9, old=False, events=None):
+    """Real cycles every TICK seconds of `now_mono`. `events[t] = fn(c)` pokes
+    the controller (stop, start, another writer) at that instant.
+
+    Returns [(t, grid, batt, setpoint, i_w, loop_reason, batt_refused)], the
+    number of gate trips, and the controller."""
+    async def go():
+        hass = _Hass(load, cut, cap)
+        c = Controller(dict(
+            {"setpoint_entity": "number.sp", "meter_entity": "sensor.grid",
+             "soc_entity": "sensor.soc", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt",
+             "meter_source": "off", "heartbeat_s": 10, "stale_input_s": 15},
+            **LIVE), hass, _Store(), _Pub(), stop=asyncio.Event())
+        c.auto = True
+        c.dev_min, c.dev_max = -LIVE["max_w"], LIVE["max_w"]
+        import app.main as m
+        real, real_dt = m.compute, m.datetime
+        clock = [0.0]
+
+        class _DT(real_dt):
+            """`cycle()`'s wall clock follows `now_mono`, so the 15 s input hold
+            and the gate's release run in simulated seconds too."""
+            @classmethod
+            def now(cls, tz=None):
+                return BASE + timedelta(seconds=clock[0])
+
+        m.datetime = _DT
+        if old:
+            m.compute = lambda *a, **k: real(*a, **dict(k, refused=None))
+        rows, trips, was = [], 0, False
+        try:
+            t = 0.0
+            while t < dur:
+                hass.t = clock[0] = t
+                for et, fn in list((events or {}).items()):
+                    if et <= t:
+                        fn(c)
+                        del events[et]
+                await c.read_inputs(now_mono=t)
+                stale = c.inverters[0].batt_fresh.stale
+                trips += stale and not was
+                was = stale
+                await c.cycle()
+                rows.append((t, hass.load(t) - hass.batt(), hass.batt(),
+                             hass.cmd, c.i_w, c.loop_reason, c.batt_refused))
+                t += TICK
+        finally:
+            m.compute, m.datetime = real, real_dt
+        return rows, trips, c
+    return asyncio.run(go())
+
+
+def at(rows, t):
+    return min(rows, key=lambda r: abs(r[0] - t))
+
+
+def longest_hold_h(rows, floor_w=250.0, until=None):
+    """Longest run of one identical request at or above `floor_w`, in hours."""
+    best = cur = 0.0
+    last = None
+    for r in rows:
+        if until is not None and r[0] >= until:
+            break
+        cur = cur + TICK if (r[3] == last and abs(r[3]) >= floor_w) else 0.0
+        last = r[3]
+        best = max(best, cur)
+    return best / H
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("1. the 09-06 shape: a load step takes the request to 5000 W, the battery "
+      "cuts out, the load ends")
+# ==============================================================================
+def load906(t):
+    return 1020 if t < 60 else 4800 if t < 162 else 940 if t < 11.9 * H else -600
+
+
+def cut906(t):
+    return t >= 132
+
+
+def cap906(t):
+    return 4570.0
+
+
+old906, otrips906, _ = run(load906, cut906, 12.2 * H, cap906, old=True)
+new906, ntrips906, c906 = run(load906, cut906, 12.2 * H, cap906)
+for name, rows, tr in (("old", old906, otrips906), ("new", new906, ntrips906)):
+    print(f"    {name}: request at 2 min {at(rows, 120)[3]:+.0f} W, at 6 h "
+          f"{at(rows, 6 * H)[3]:+.0f} W (i_w {at(rows, 6 * H)[4]:+.0f}), longest "
+          f"hold {longest_hold_h(rows):.2f} h, gate trips {tr}")
+check("PRECONDITION: the old law holds +5000 W for the whole night on this "
+      "fixture, as it did on 2026-09-06 - the fixture reproduces the card",
+      at(old906, 6 * H)[3] == 5000.0 and longest_hold_h(old906) > 11.5)
+check("the request reaches the rail before the cut, so the new law starts from "
+      "the same place", at(new906, 120)[3] == 5000.0)
+t0 = next((r[0] for r in new906 if r[5] == REFUSED), None)
+check(f"after the cut the battery-refuses hold takes the request to 0 W within "
+      f"about a minute (at t={t0})", t0 is not None and 132 < t0 <= 132 + 90
+      and at(new906, t0)[3] == 0.0)
+check("...and it stays refused overnight, with the integrator at 0, and no "
+      "request of 250 W or more stands for longer than one probe interval",
+      at(new906, 6 * H)[6] == 1 and at(new906, 6 * H)[4] == 0.0
+      and longest_hold_h(new906, until=11.9 * H) < PROBE_EVERY_S / H)
+check(f"...and the stale-reading gate does not cycle: {ntrips906} trips in "
+      f"12 hours (the old law's latch also kept it quiet: {otrips906})",
+      ntrips906 == 0)
+morning = [r for r in new906 if r[0] >= 11.9 * H + 60]
+check("when solar makes the grid export, the refusal ends and the battery "
+      "charges - the exit on the other direction",
+      morning and morning[-1][6] == 0 and morning[-1][3] < -400)
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("2. the probe: 200 W every 15 minutes, below the gate's 250 W")
+# ==============================================================================
+probes = []
+for r in new906:
+    if r[3] == PROBE_W and (not probes or r[0] - probes[-1][1] > TICK):
+        probes.append([r[0], r[0]])
+    elif r[3] == PROBE_W:
+        probes[-1][1] = r[0]
+starts = [p[0] for p in probes]
+gaps = [b - a for a, b in zip(starts, starts[1:])]
+print(f"    {len(probes)} probes, first at {starts[0] / 60 if starts else 0:.1f} "
+      f"min, gaps {sorted(set(round(g) for g in gaps))} s, lengths "
+      f"{sorted(set(round(p[1] - p[0] + TICK) for p in probes))} s")
+check("the probe asks exactly PROBE_W, which is below the stale-reading gate's "
+      "threshold, so a probe can never arm it",
+      PROBE_W < freshness.MOVE_W and all(r[3] in (0.0, PROBE_W)
+                                         for r in new906 if r[6] == 1))
+check("there is a probe every 15 minutes through the night (at least 40 in "
+      "11.8 hours), each about 34 s long",
+      len(probes) >= 40 and all(PROBE_EVERY_S <= g <= PROBE_EVERY_S + PROBE_S
+                                + 2 * TICK for g in gaps)
+      and all(PROBE_S - TICK <= p[1] - p[0] + TICK <= PROBE_S + TICK
+              for p in probes))
+check("...and a probe reads as a probe on the loop's own reason row",
+      any(r[5] == PROBING for r in new906))
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("3. recovery with no sign change: the battery gives power again at 2 h")
+# ==============================================================================
+def cut_rec(t):
+    return 132 <= t < 2 * H
+
+
+oldr, _, _ = run(load906, cut_rec, 2.6 * H, cap906, old=True)
+newr, _, crec = run(load906, cut_rec, 2.6 * H, cap906)
+after_o = [r for r in oldr if 2 * H <= r[0] < 2 * H + 600]
+after_n = [r for r in newr if 2 * H <= r[0] < 2.6 * H]
+exp_o = sum(max(0.0, -r[1]) * TICK for r in after_o) / 3600
+exp_n = sum(max(0.0, -r[1]) * TICK for r in after_n) / 3600
+print(f"    old: worst grid {min(r[1] for r in after_o):+.0f} W, export "
+      f"{exp_o:.0f} Wh; new: worst grid {min(r[1] for r in after_n):+.0f} W, "
+      f"export {exp_n:.0f} Wh")
+check("PRECONDITION: the old law answers a recovering battery with its "
+      "standing +5000 W and exports kilowatts into a 940 W house",
+      min(r[1] for r in after_o) < -3000)
+check("the new law never exports more than the probe while it waits, and the "
+      "answered probe ends the refusal so control resumes",
+      min(r[1] for r in after_n) > -PROBE_W - 50
+      and after_n[-1][6] == 0 and abs(after_n[-1][1] - (-10)) < 100)
+check("...and the event log says the probe was answered",
+      any("BATTERY REFUSES ENDED: the probe was answered" in e
+          for e in crec.events))
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("4. the 09-19 shape: a stale-reading stop on a frozen ~0 W reading "
+      "is a refusal")
+# ==============================================================================
+# The request steps +1540 -> +1940 and more as the battery cuts out mid-ramp:
+# the request moves after the reading went flat, so the gate trips before the
+# hold's 12 cycles - the ~70 s cycle SAFETY-59 measured. The trip seeds the hold.
+def load919(t):
+    return 1530 if t < 60 else 2400 if t < 1800 else 900 if t < 4 * H else -600
+
+
+def cut919(t):
+    return t >= 65
+
+
+def run919(old):
+    return run(load919, cut919, 4.2 * H, old=old)
+
+
+old919, otr919, _ = run919(True)
+new919, ntr919, c919 = run919(False)
+print(f"    old: gate trips {otr919}, longest hold {longest_hold_h(old919):.2f} h;"
+      f" new: gate trips {ntr919}, longest hold {longest_hold_h(new919):.2f} h")
+check("PRECONDITION: on the old law the gate trips over and over all night "
+      "(the SAFETY-59 cycle) or the request stands for hours",
+      otr919 > 20 or longest_hold_h(old919) > 1.0)
+check("the new law stops after at most two trips and holds 0 W, and the event "
+      "log says the battery refuses",
+      ntr919 <= 2 and at(new919, 2 * H)[3] in (0.0, PROBE_W)
+      and any("BATTERY REFUSES" in e for e in c919.events))
+
+# The same shape through `compute()` alone, as the bus saw it on 2026-09-19
+# before the gate existed: +1540 -> +1940, then a battery giving nothing.
+T = control.Tuning(**LIVE)
+res = {}
+for name, carry in (("old", None), ("new", 0)):
+    # sat_count 2: the +1540 and +1940 cycles were already short (the plan)
+    prev, i_w, sat, ref, cmds = 1940.0, 2340.0, 2, carry, []
+    for _ in range(2000):              # ~2.8 h at 5 s
+        d = control.compute(prev, 1950.0, CUT_W, T, sat, i_w, refused=ref)
+        prev, i_w, sat, ref = d.target_w, d.i_w, d.sat_count, d.refused
+        cmds.append(prev)
+    res[name] = cmds
+print(f"    compute() alone: old stands at {res['old'][-1]:+.0f} W "
+      f"({sum(v == 1940.0 for v in res['old'])} of 2000 cycles at +1940 W), "
+      f"new at {res['new'][-1]:+.0f} W from cycle "
+      f"{res['new'].index(0.0) if 0.0 in res['new'] else None}")
+check("PRECONDITION: without the gate the old law parks at +1940 W, the 7 065 "
+      "identical writes the bus recorded", set(res["old"]) == {1940.0})
+check("...and the new law holds 0 W within SETTLE_CYCLES cycles",
+      res["new"].index(0.0) < control.SETTLE_CYCLES
+      and set(res["new"][control.SETTLE_CYCLES:]) == {0.0})
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("5. the other exits: stop, start, another writer")
+# ==============================================================================
+def stop(c):
+    c.auto = False
+
+
+def start(c):
+    c.auto = True
+
+
+rows, _, c = run(load906, cut906, 1200, cap906, events={600.0: stop,
+                                                         700.0: start})
+check("stopping control ends the refusal, and starting again begins from "
+      "nothing refused", at(rows, 590)[6] == 1 and at(rows, 650)[6] == 0
+      and at(rows, 705)[6] == 0)
+
+
+def other_writer(c):
+    c.loop_w = 1234.0      # the arbiter gave the wire something the loop did not ask
+
+
+rows, _, c = run(load906, cut906, 900, cap906, events={600.0: other_writer})
+check("another writer on the wire ends the refusal (the arbiter reseed)",
+      at(rows, 590)[6] == 1 and at(rows, 605)[6] == 0)
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("5b. review of #141: a pack that gives SOME power, and a reading that is "
+      "only late, are not a refusal")
+# ==============================================================================
+# A pack derated to 100-499 W (cold, BMS taper) gives what it can against a
+# larger ask. Engaging below `saturation_w` (500 W) held it at 0 W for ~93 % of
+# the time; "gives nothing" is below the probe's own answer.
+# `compute()` alone: through the Controller the stale-reading gate trips on the
+# flat 300 W first, and that fixture then passes whatever this threshold is.
+def derated(carry, cap_w=300.0, n=1800):
+    prev, i_w, sat, ref, gave, held = 0.0, 0.0, 0, carry, 0.0, 0
+    b = 0.0
+    for _ in range(n):                                   # 2.5 h at 5 s
+        d = control.compute(prev, 2000.0 - b, b, T, sat, i_w, refused=ref)
+        prev, i_w, sat, ref = d.target_w, d.i_w, d.sat_count, d.refused
+        held += bool(ref)
+        b = max(0.0, min(prev, cap_w))                   # one tick late
+        gave += b
+    return gave / n, held
+
+
+T = control.Tuning(**LIVE)
+gave_old, _ = derated(None)
+gave_new, held_new = derated(0)
+print(f"    pack derated to 300 W: old law {gave_old:.0f} W average, new "
+      f"{gave_new:.0f} W, held as refusing on {held_new} cycles")
+check("a pack that gives a steady 300 W against a 2000 W ask is never held at "
+      "0 W as refusing, and keeps giving what the old law got from it",
+      held_new == 0 and gave_new == gave_old and gave_old > 290.0)
+
+
+def lagging(tick, dead_s=6.0, publish_s=10.0, phase_s=5.0, dur=600.0):
+    """`compute()` on a HEALTHY pack whose reading lags: it follows the command
+    of `dead_s` ago, published every `publish_s`. A 1 s meter (`meter_poll_s`
+    1) makes SETTLE_CYCLES only 12 s, shorter than that lag."""
+    prev, i_w, sat, ref, hist, reg, pub = 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, [], 0.0, -phase_s
+    held = engaged = 0
+    t = 0.0
+    while t < dur:
+        then = [c for tc, c in hist if tc <= t - dead_s]
+        b = then[-1] if then else 0.0
+        if t - pub >= publish_s:
+            reg, pub = b, t
+        d = control.compute(prev, (3000.0 if t >= 10 else 0.0) - b, reg, T,
+                            sat, i_w, refused=ref)
+        engaged += bool(d.refused) and not ref
+        prev, i_w, sat, ref = d.target_w, d.i_w, d.sat_count, d.refused
+        hist.append((t, prev))
+        held += tick * bool(ref)
+        t += tick
+    return engaged, held
+
+
+lag1 = lagging(1.0)
+print(f"    1 s meter, healthy pack with a late reading: engaged {lag1[0]} "
+      f"time(s), held {lag1[1]:.0f} s")
+check("a healthy pack whose reading is merely late is let go as soon as the "
+      "reading shows it delivering - not held until the next probe",
+      lag1[1] <= 10.0)
+
+
+async def _seed(held_w):
+    """`_refusal_from_stale()` on a unit standing at +2000 W, frozen."""
+    c = Controller(dict(
+        {"setpoint_entity": "number.sp", "meter_entity": "sensor.grid",
+         "soc_entity": "sensor.soc", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt",
+         "meter_source": "off"}, **LIVE),
+        _Hass(lambda t: 0.0, lambda t: False), _Store(), _Pub(),
+        stop=asyncio.Event())
+    c.auto, c.sat_count = True, c.tuning.saturation_cycles
+    inv = c.inverters[0]
+    inv.last_write, inv.batt_fresh.held = 2000.0, held_w
+    c._refusal_from_stale(inv, 100.0)
+    return c.batt_refused
+
+
+check("a stale-reading stop on a register standing at 300 W is not a refusal "
+      "(it gives something), and one at -4 W is",
+      asyncio.run(_seed(300.0)) == 0 and asyncio.run(_seed(CUT_W)) == 1)
+d = control.compute(0.0, 1500.0, 1400.0, T, 0, 0.0, refused=1, probe=False)
+check("...i.e. a held direction that reads 100 W or more ends the refusal "
+      "without waiting for a probe", d.refused == 0)
+
+# ==============================================================================
+print("6. words")
+# ==============================================================================
+w = messages.why(why_key("loop", [Claim.set("loop", 0, 0.0, REFUSED)]), 0.0)
+wp = messages.why(why_key("loop", [Claim.set("loop", 0, PROBE_W, PROBING)]),
+                  PROBE_W)
+print(f"    {w!r} / {wp!r}")
+check("the page's Why line says the battery refuses, not 'Keeping the grid "
+      "near zero: 0 W'", w == "The battery refuses to give power: 0 W")
+check("...and a probe says what it is", wp.startswith("Testing if the battery"))
+check("...and an ordinary loop cycle still reads as the loop",
+      why_key("loop", [Claim.set("loop", 0, 10.0, "tracking")]) == "loop")
+
+print()
+if fails:
+    print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED: " + ", ".join(fails))
+    sys.exit(1)
+print("all checks passed")

goodwe_controller/test_selfconfig.py

@@ -636,12 +636,18 @@ _app = web.build_app(FakeController(), FakeSupervisor())
 _routes = sorted({(r.method, r.get_info().get("path"))
                   for r in _app.router.routes() if r.method != "HEAD"})
 print("    " + "  ".join(f"{m} {p}" for m, p in _routes))
-check("the configuration surface adds five routes and touches none of the "
-      "three that were there",
+check("the configuration surface adds five routes and UX-13 one GET, and "
+      "none touches the three that were there",
       _routes == [("GET", "/"), ("GET", "/config"), ("GET", "/config/model"),
-                  ("GET", "/status"), ("POST", "/action"),
-                  ("POST", "/config/restart"), ("POST", "/config/save"),
-                  ("POST", "/config/validate")])
+                  ("GET", "/ha/entities"), ("GET", "/status"),
+                  ("POST", "/action"), ("POST", "/config/restart"),
+                  ("POST", "/config/save"), ("POST", "/config/validate")])
+_ents_src = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "haentities.py"),
+                    encoding="utf-8").read()
+check("UX-13's entity list only reads: haentities.py calls hass.states() and "
+      "no service, setter or action",
+      "hass.states()" in _ents_src
+      and not re.search(r"\.(call|set_number|handle_action|post)\(", _ents_src))
 _selfconfig_src = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "selfconfig.py"),
                           encoding="utf-8").read()
 for forbidden in ("set_number", "write_setpoint", "handle_action",
@@ -692,6 +698,10 @@ async def _e2e():
             async with s.post(f"{root}/config/validate",
                               json={"options": base(setpoint_entity="")}) as r:
                 out["invalid"] = await r.json()
+            async with s.post(f"{root}/config/validate",
+                              json={"options": base(integrator_max_w=3000)}
+                              ) as r:
+                out["warned"] = await r.json()
             # ⚠️ THE COUNTS ARE SNAPSHOTTED AT EACH STAGE. Asserting
             # `sup.writes == []` after the whole sequence would be asserting
             # about the LAST request, not this one - the first draft did, and
@@ -749,6 +759,11 @@ check("...and it honours the browser's language per key, falling back to "
 check("POST config/validate returns the validator's sentences, anchored",
       E["invalid"]["problems"]
       and "setpoint_entity" in E["invalid"]["by_key"])
+check("UX-13: POST config/validate also returns the validator's warnings, "
+      "beside no refusal",
+      E["warned"]["problems"] == [] and [n["keys"] for n in
+                                         E["warned"]["notes"]]
+      == [["integrator_max_w"]] and E["warned"]["notes"][0]["tier"] == "warn")
 check("a save of an invalid blob answers 422 and the Supervisor got nothing",
       E["save_invalid"][0] == 422
       and E["save_invalid"][1]["kind"] == "invalid"

goodwe_controller/test_uilayout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+"""UX-13 P0: the layout table places every option once.  `python3 test_uilayout.py`
+
+app/uilayout.py is the one place UI code names an option key
+(DECISIONS/UX-13-one-layout-table.md). This file fails CI when config.yaml
+gains an option the table does not place, and checks each row against the
+sources UX-02 keeps authoritative: config.yaml for ranges, translations and
+app/ui_text for words, validate.py for which entities are read as watts.
+Mutating a module this file grades? Read MUTATION.md first (purge __pycache__).
+"""
+
+import io
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(HERE, "tools"))
+
+import translations_lint as TL                                  # noqa: E402
+from app import uilayout as L, uimodel, validate                 # noqa: E402
+
+fails = []
+
+
+def check(name, cond):
+    print(f"  {'ok  ' if cond else 'FAIL'} {name}")
+    if not cond:
+        fails.append(name)
+
+
+CONFIG = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "config.yaml"), encoding="utf-8").read()
+ORDER, NESTED = TL.config_surface(CONFIG)
+TYPES = dict(re.findall(r"^  ([a-z_0-9]+): *(\S.*?) *$",
+                        CONFIG[CONFIG.index("\nschema:"):], re.M))
+EN = TL.parse_translation_file(os.path.join(HERE, "translations", "en.yaml"))
+UI_TEXT = json.load(io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "ui_text", "en.json"),
+                            encoding="utf-8"))
+ROWS = list(L.fields())
+KEYS = [f.key for _g, _p, f in ROWS]
+
+
+def coverage_problems(order, nested):
+    """Every way the table and config.yaml's schema disagree."""
+    out = []
+    placed = [k for k in KEYS if not k.startswith(("ui.", "inverters."))]
+    for k in order:
+        n = placed.count(k) + (k in L.DERIVED) + (k in L.HIDDEN)
+        if n != 1:
+            out.append(f"{k} is placed {n} times")
+    out += [f"{k} is not in config.yaml" for k in
+            set(placed) | set(L.DERIVED) | set(L.HIDDEN) if k not in order]
+    sub = [k.split(".", 1)[1] for k in KEYS if k.startswith("inverters.")]
+    out += [f"inverters.{k} has no card field" for k in nested.get("inverters", [])
+            if sub.count(k) != 1]
+    out += [f"inverters.{k} is not in config.yaml" for k in sub
+            if k not in nested.get("inverters", [])]
+    return out
+
+
+print("1. every option has exactly one place")
+_p = coverage_problems(ORDER, NESTED)
+_fields = sum(1 for k in ORDER if k in KEYS)
+print(f"    {len(ORDER)} options: {_fields} fields, {len(L.DERIVED)} derived, "
+      f"{len(L.HIDDEN)} hidden. Problems: {_p}")
+check(f"config.yaml's {len(ORDER)} options are each a field, derived or hidden, "
+      "once", not _p and len(ORDER) >= 78)
+check("a new option without a place fails this check",
+      coverage_problems(ORDER + ["new_option_w"], NESTED)
+      == ["new_option_w is placed 0 times"])
+check("...and so does a new inverter field",
+      coverage_problems(ORDER, {"inverters": NESTED["inverters"] + ["mode"]})
+      == ["inverters.mode has no card field"])
+check("no key is both a field and derived",
+      not set(KEYS) & (set(L.DERIVED) | set(L.HIDDEN)))
+check("each derived key names the page field that writes it",
+      all(any(f.key == how for _g, _p2, f in ROWS)
+          for how in L.DERIVED.values()))
+
+print("\n2. each row is well formed")
+check("every control, entity kind and show operator is a known one",
+      all(f.control in L.CONTROLS and (not f.kind or f.kind in L.ENTITY_KINDS)
+          and all(op in L.SHOW_OPS for _n, op, _v in f.show)
+          for _g, _p2, f in ROWS))
+_names = set(ORDER) | set(KEYS) | {"inverter_count"}
+check("every show condition reads an option, a page field or inverter_count",
+      all(n in _names for _g, _p2, f in ROWS for n, _o, _v in f.show))
+check("every entity control has a kind, and no other control has one",
+      all((f.control in (L.ENTITY, L.ENTITY_LIST, L.SOLAR_LIST)) == bool(f.kind)
+          for _g, _p2, f in ROWS))
+check("everything applies after a restart: options are read at start, and "
+      "OPT-11's runtime switches are not built yet",
+      all(f.applies == L.RESTART for _g, _p2, f in ROWS))
+check("no unit states a number, so no range is written here",
+      all(not re.search(r"\d", f.unit) for _g, _p2, f in ROWS))
+
+
+_SCHEMA = CONFIG[CONFIG.index("\nschema:"):]
+_ROSTER = re.search(r"^  inverters:\n((?: {4,}.*\n)+)", _SCHEMA, re.M).group(1)
+ROSTER_TYPES = dict(re.findall(r"^ {4,}(?:- )?([a-z_0-9]+): *(\S+)", _ROSTER,
+                               re.M))
+
+
+def _type(key):
+    if key.startswith("inverters."):
+        return ROSTER_TYPES.get(key.split(".", 1)[1], "")
+    return TYPES.get(key, "")
+
+
+_ranged = [f.key for _g, _p2, f in ROWS
+           if f.control in (L.SLIDER, L.NUMBER, L.LOCKED)
+           and not f.key.startswith("ui.")]
+_unranged = [k for k in _ranged if not re.match(r"(int|float)\(", _type(k))]
+check(f"every slider, number and locked value has a range in config.yaml "
+      f"({len(_ranged)} of them, without: {_unranged})", not _unranged)
+_SUFFIX = (("_eur_kwh", "€/kWh"), ("_eur", "€/kWh"), ("_kwh", "kWh"),
+           ("_w", "W"), ("_s", "s"), ("_h", "h"), ("_min", "min"),
+           ("_days", "days"), ("_floor", "%"), ("_ceiling", "%"),
+           ("_target", "%"))
+
+
+def _unit_problem(f):
+    want = next((u for suf, u in _SUFFIX if f.key.endswith(suf)), None)
+    if want is None or f.control not in (L.SLIDER, L.NUMBER, L.LOCKED):
+        return False
+    return f.unit != want and not (want == "W" and f.unit == "kW"
+                                   and f.scale == 1000)
+
+
+_mism = [(f.key, f.unit) for _g, _p2, f in ROWS if _unit_problem(f)]
+check(f"each unit matches its key's suffix (mismatched: {_mism})", not _mism)
+check("the peak limit is shown in kW and stored in W",
+      L.field("peak_cap_w").unit == "kW" and L.field("peak_cap_w").scale == 1000)
+_watt = sorted({f.key.split(".")[-1] for _g, _p2, f in ROWS
+                if f.kind == "power_w"})
+check(f"the pickers that expect watts are exactly the entities validate.py "
+      f"reads as watts ({_watt})",
+      _watt == sorted(validate.WATT_ENTITY_KEYS))
+check("range_of() reads a Supervisor-shaped schema, nested ones too",
+      L.range_of("max_w", [{"name": "max_w", "lengthMin": 100,
+                            "lengthMax": 5000}]) == (100, 5000)
+      and L.range_of("inverters.max_w", [{"name": "inverters", "schema": [
+          {"name": "max_w", "lengthMin": 100, "lengthMax": 5000}]}])
+      == (100, 5000)
+      and L.range_of("p1_host", [{"name": "p1_host"}]) is None)
+
+print("\n3. the words come from translations and app/ui_text")
+_conf = EN["configuration"]
+_no_tr = [k for k in KEYS if not k.startswith("ui.") and not (
+    k in _conf if "." not in k
+    else k.split(".")[1] in _conf["inverters"]["fields"])]
+check(f"every option field has an en.yaml name (missing: {_no_tr})", not _no_tr)
+_no_ui = [k for k in KEYS if k.startswith("ui.")
+          and k[3:] not in UI_TEXT["fields"]]
+check(f"every page-only field has words in ui_text (missing: {_no_ui})",
+      not _no_ui)
+_titles = [g.id for g in L.GROUPS if g.id not in UI_TEXT["groups"]] + [
+    f"{g.id}.{p.id}" for g in L.GROUPS for p in g.parts
+    if p.id and f"{g.id}.{p.id}" not in UI_TEXT["parts"]]
+check(f"every group and part has a title (missing: {_titles})", not _titles)
+_contract = {"none", "fixed", "daynight", "dynamic", "custom"}
+check("every contract, fallback and region the model can hold has words",
+      set(UI_TEXT["choices"]["contract"]) == _contract
+      and set(UI_TEXT["choices"]["fallback"]) == _contract - {"dynamic"}
+      and set(UI_TEXT["choices"]["region"])
+      == set(uimodel.REGION_PRESETS) | {uimodel.OWN})
+check("both 'applies' labels have words",
+      set(UI_TEXT["applies"]) == {L.RESTART, L.NOW})
+
+print("\n4. visibility follows the page model")
+_m = uimodel.options_to_ui({"meter_source": "ha_signed", "meter_phases": 3,
+                            "inverters": [], "maintenance_enabled": False})
+check("a signed meter shows its net entity, and three phases its net list",
+      L.visible(L.field("p1_net_entity"), _m)
+      and L.visible(L.field("p1_phase_net_entities"), _m)
+      and not L.visible(L.field("meter_entity"), _m)
+      and not L.visible(L.field("p1_phase_import_entities"), _m))
+check("one inverter shows the one-inverter stops, not the per-inverter ones",
+      L.visible(L.field("sign_disagree_w"), _m)
+      and not L.visible(L.field("unit_sign_disagree_w"), _m))
+check("maintenance details hide while maintenance is off",
+      not L.visible(L.field("maintenance_charge_w"), _m))
+
+print("\n5. UI code names option keys in two files only")
+_KEY = re.compile(r"""["']([a-z0-9]+(?:_[a-z0-9]+)+)["']""")
+_src = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", "uimodel.py"), encoding="utf-8").read()
+_owned = set(L.DERIVED) | {"inverters", "price_provider",
+                           "price_taxes_eur_kwh", "arbitrage_enabled"}
+_extra = sorted({k for k in _KEY.findall(_src) if k in ORDER} - _owned)
+check(f"uimodel.py names only the keys its derivations write (others: "
+      f"{_extra})", not _extra)
+_leak = sorted({f"{name}:{k}" for name in ("haentities.py", "web.py")
+                for k in _KEY.findall(io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "app", name),
+                                              encoding="utf-8").read())
+                if k in ORDER})
+check(f"haentities.py and web.py name no option key ({_leak})", not _leak)
+
+print()
+if fails:
+    print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED")
+    sys.exit(1)
+print("all passed")

goodwe_controller/test_uimodel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+"""UX-13 P0: stored options <-> page model, exactly.  `python3 test_uimodel.py`
+
+app/uimodel.py derives the keys the page does not show (the flat inverter,
+the solar keys, static_profile, the levies figure, arbitrage_enabled). Part 1
+round-trips every options blob the test suite hands the validator
+(scenarios/ux13/, recorded by tools/ux13_validator_calls.py at 652097a), the
+TEST-23 option files and config.yaml's defaults: options -> model -> JSON ->
+options must be identical. Parts 2-6 edit one page field and check the blob.
+Mutating a module this file grades? Read MUTATION.md first (purge __pycache__).
+"""
+
+import glob
+import gzip
+import io
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+logging.disable(logging.WARNING)            # the validator's own log lines
+
+from app import uimodel as U                                   # noqa: E402
+from app.price import (FLEMISH_TAXES_COMPONENTS_EUR_KWH,        # noqa: E402
+                       PRICE_OPTION_DEFAULTS)
+from app.static_tariff import parse_static_profile              # noqa: E402
+from app.validate import validate_startup_config                # noqa: E402
+
+fails = []
+
+
+def check(name, cond):
+    print(f"  {'ok  ' if cond else 'FAIL'} {name}")
+    if not cond:
+        fails.append(name)
+
+
+def trip(options):
+    return U.ui_to_options(json.loads(json.dumps(U.options_to_ui(options))))
+
+
+def edit(options, **fields):
+    model = json.loads(json.dumps(U.options_to_ui(options)))
+    for k, v in fields.items():
+        model[k.replace("__", ".")] = v
+    return U.ui_to_options(model)
+
+
+def raises(fn):
+    try:
+        fn()
+    except U.DeriveError:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def defaults():
+    """config.yaml's `options:` block, read without PyYAML (not in CI)."""
+    text = io.open(os.path.join(HERE, "config.yaml"), encoding="utf-8").read()
+    block = text[text.index("\noptions:"):text.index("\nschema:")]
+    out = {}
+    for key, raw in re.findall(r"^  ([a-z_0-9]+):(.*)$", block, re.M):
+        raw = raw.split(" #")[0].strip()
+        try:
+            out[key] = json.loads(raw)
+        except ValueError:
+            out[key] = raw
+    return out
+
+
+DEFAULTS = defaults()
+SITE = dict(DEFAULTS, setpoint_entity="number.goodwe_setpoint",
+            soc_entity="sensor.soc", batt_entity="sensor.batt")
+
+print("1. every known blob survives the round trip unchanged")
+_calls = [json.loads(line) for line in gzip.open(os.path.join(
+    HERE, "scenarios", "ux13", "validator-calls-652097a.jsonl.gz"), "rt")]
+_test23 = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(HERE, "scenarios", "ux13", "test23",
+                                        "*.json")))
+_blobs = ([("config.yaml", DEFAULTS)]
+          + [(c["source"], c["opts"]) for c in _calls
+             if isinstance(c["opts"], dict)]
+          + [(os.path.basename(f), json.load(open(f))) for f in _test23])
+_bad = []
+for _src, _o in _blobs:
+    try:
+        _back = trip(_o)
+    except Exception as e:                               # noqa: BLE001
+        _bad.append(f"{_src}: {type(e).__name__} {e}")
+        continue
+    if json.dumps(_back, sort_keys=True) != json.dumps(_o, sort_keys=True):
+        _bad.append(f"{_src}: {sorted(set(_back) ^ set(_o)) or 'values'}")
+print(f"    {len(_calls)} validator calls, {len(_test23)} TEST-23 files, "
+      f"config.yaml defaults")
+check(f"all {len(_blobs)} are identical after options -> model -> JSON -> "
+      f"options (not: {_bad[:3]})", not _bad and len(_calls) >= 200
+      and len(_test23) >= 5 and len(DEFAULTS) >= 78)
+check("config.yaml was read whole: the defaults hold every option",
+      "inverters" in DEFAULTS and DEFAULTS["inverters"] == []
+      and DEFAULTS["price_taxes_eur_kwh"] == 0.11736)
+_m = U.options_to_ui(DEFAULTS)
+check("the page model never shows a derived key: it keeps them aside",
+      not {"setpoint_entity", "pv_entity", "pv_entities", "static_profile",
+           "price_taxes_profile"} & set(_m)
+      and set(_m["keep"]) >= {"static_profile", "pv_entity", "max_w"})
+check("a blob that lacks keys gains none", trip({"max_w": 900}) == {"max_w": 900})
+
+print("\n2. one inverter or a list")
+_one = edit(SITE, inverters=[dict(U.options_to_ui(SITE)["inverters"][0],
+                                  max_w=1500)])
+check("editing the one inverter writes the flat keys and keeps the list empty",
+      _one["max_w"] == 1500 and _one["inverters"] == []
+      and _one["setpoint_entity"] == "number.goodwe_setpoint")
+_card = U.options_to_ui(SITE)["inverters"][0]
+_two = edit(SITE, inverters=[
+    dict(_card, name="inverter-a", capacity_kwh=None),
+    dict(_card, name="inverter-b", setpoint_entity="number.goodwe_b",
+         soc_entity="sensor.soc_b", batt_entity="sensor.batt_b")])
+check("a second inverter writes the list and clears the flat power request "
+      "entity, which the validator refuses beside a list",
+      len(_two["inverters"]) == 2 and _two["setpoint_entity"] == ""
+      and "capacity_kwh" not in _two["inverters"][0]
+      and not validate_startup_config(_two))
+_listed = dict(SITE, setpoint_entity="", inverters=[
+    {"name": "garage", "setpoint_entity": "number.g", "max_w": 2000,
+     "bms_soc_floor": 10}])
+_l1 = edit(_listed, inverters=[dict(_listed["inverters"][0], max_w=1800)])
+check("a list of one stays a list, so the inverter keeps its name and stored "
+      "state", _l1["inverters"] == [dict(_listed["inverters"][0], max_w=1800)])
+check("editing a listed inverter keeps the unread flat keys as stored",
+      all(_l1[k] == _listed[k] for k in ("setpoint_entity", "soc_entity",
+                                          "batt_entity", "max_w")))
+check("a name on the flat inverter is refused rather than dropped",
+      raises(lambda: edit(SITE, inverters=[dict(_card, name="garage")])))
+_raw = dict(SITE, inverters="garage")
+check("a roster no card can show is kept when another field is saved, and "
+      "cannot be edited here",
+      edit(_raw, gain=0.5)["inverters"] == "garage"
+      and raises(lambda: edit(_raw, inverters=[_card])))
+
+print("\n3. solar rows")
+check("a stored flip reads as a reversed row",
+      U.options_to_ui(dict(DEFAULTS, pv_entity="sensor.pv",
+                           pv_invert_entities=["sensor.pv"]))["ui.solar"]
+      == [{"entity": "sensor.pv", "reversed": True}])
+check("one row writes pv_entity",
+      edit(DEFAULTS, ui__solar=[{"entity": "sensor.pv", "reversed": False}])
+      ["pv_entity"] == "sensor.pv")
+_pv2 = edit(dict(DEFAULTS, pv_entity="sensor.a"), ui__solar=[
+    {"entity": "sensor.a", "reversed": False},
+    {"entity": "sensor.b", "reversed": True}])
+check("two rows write pv_entities, clear pv_entity and flip the reversed one",
+      _pv2["pv_entities"] == ["sensor.a", "sensor.b"] and _pv2["pv_entity"] == ""
+      and _pv2["pv_invert_entities"] == ["sensor.b"])
+_stray = dict(DEFAULTS, pv_entities=["sensor.a", "sensor.b"],
+              pv_invert_entities=["sensor.b", "sensor.old"])
+_pv1 = edit(_stray, ui__solar=[{"entity": "sensor.a", "reversed": False}])
+check("removing a reversed row drops its flip, and a flip that was never a row "
+      "stays as stored", _pv1["pv_entities"] == ["sensor.a"]
+      and _pv1["pv_invert_entities"] == ["sensor.old"])
+
+print("\n4. contract and prices")
+_fixed = edit(DEFAULTS, ui__contract="fixed", ui__fixed_price=0.31)
+check("a fixed price writes a profile the tariff parser reads as one price",
+      _fixed["price_provider"] == "off"
+      and [p.eur_per_kwh for p in parse_static_profile(
+          _fixed["static_profile"]).periods] == [0.31]
+      and U.options_to_ui(_fixed)["ui.contract"] == "fixed")
+_dn = edit(SITE, ui__contract="daynight", ui__day_price=0.34,
+           ui__night_price=0.26)
+check("day and night write a profile that starts and reads back the same",
+      not validate_startup_config(_dn)
+      and U.options_to_ui(_dn)["ui.day_price"] == 0.34
+      and U.options_to_ui(_dn)["ui.night_price"] == 0.26)
+_dyn = edit(_dn, ui__contract="dynamic", price_provider="generic_dayahead")
+check("a dynamic contract keeps the day and night profile as its fallback",
+      _dyn["price_provider"] == "generic_dayahead"
+      and _dyn["static_profile"] == _dn["static_profile"])
+check("a dynamic contract without a price source is refused here",
+      raises(lambda: edit(DEFAULTS, ui__contract="dynamic")))
+_odd = json.dumps({"periods": [
+    {"from": "00:00", "to": "12:00", "days": "mon-sun", "eur_per_kwh": 0.2},
+    {"from": "12:00", "to": "24:00", "days": "mon-sun", "eur_per_kwh": 0.3}]})
+_om = U.options_to_ui(dict(DEFAULTS, static_profile=_odd))
+check("odd windows show as 'custom' and survive saving another field",
+      _om["ui.contract"] == "custom"
+      and edit(dict(DEFAULTS, static_profile=_odd), gain=0.5)
+      ["static_profile"] == _odd)
+
+print("\n5. region presets")
+_fl = U.REGION_PRESETS["flanders"]
+check("the Flanders preset is the sum of app/price.py's components, and is the "
+      "shipped default", _fl["taxes_eur_kwh"] == round(sum(
+          v for _n, v in FLEMISH_TAXES_COMPONENTS_EUR_KWH), 5)
+      == PRICE_OPTION_DEFAULTS["price_taxes_eur_kwh"] == DEFAULTS[
+          "price_taxes_eur_kwh"])
+check("every preset carries its year", all(
+    isinstance(p["year"], int) and p["year"] >= 2026
+    for p in U.REGION_PRESETS.values()))
+_own = dict(DEFAULTS, price_taxes_eur_kwh=0.06)
+check("a figure that is no preset reads as 'own', and choosing Flanders "
+      "writes the preset", U.options_to_ui(_own)["ui.region"] == U.OWN
+      and edit(_own, ui__region="flanders")["price_taxes_eur_kwh"] == 0.11736)
+_prof = dict(DEFAULTS, price_taxes_eur_kwh=0.12,
+             price_taxes_profile='{"day": 0.14, "night": 0.1}')
+check("'own' keeps a stored levies table when the figure is edited",
+      edit(_prof, price_taxes_eur_kwh=0.13)["price_taxes_profile"]
+      == _prof["price_taxes_profile"])
+check("'own' stores the typed figure",
+      edit(DEFAULTS, ui__region=U.OWN, price_taxes_eur_kwh=0.13)
+      ["price_taxes_eur_kwh"] == 0.13)
+
+print("\n6. arbitrage_enabled: the OPT-11 hook changes nothing yet")
+check("the hook answers None while battery modes do not exist",
+      U.arbitrage_from_batteries(U.options_to_ui(DEFAULTS)) is None)
+check("so the toggle is stored as the page has it",
+      edit(DEFAULTS, arbitrage_enabled=True)["arbitrage_enabled"] is True)
+
+print()
+if fails:
+    print(f"{len(fails)} FAILED")
+    sys.exit(1)
+print("all passed")

goodwe_controller/test_validate.py

@@ -1808,6 +1808,47 @@ check("an UNREADABLE shadow_mode resolves to SHADOW, not to live - the "
       and shadow.engaged({"shadow_mode": ""}, control_started=True) is True
       and shadow.mode({"shadow_mode": "garbage"}) == "on")
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+print("\nUX-13 - the warning tier: notes for the settings page, never refusals")
+from app.validate import Note, WATT_ENTITY_KEYS, config_notes  # noqa: E402
+
+_warned = base(integrator_max_w=3000, maintenance_discharge_w=2500,
+               price_provider="generic_dayahead", static_profile="")
+_notes = []
+_with = validate_startup_config(_warned, -5000, 5000, notes=_notes)
+check("a config with three logged warnings starts, and gives three notes, "
+      "each filed under the setting it names",
+      _with == [] and validate_startup_config(_warned, -5000, 5000) == []
+      and sorted(n.keys for n in _notes) == [
+          ("integrator_max_w",), ("maintenance_discharge_w",),
+          ("static_profile",)]
+      and all(n.tier == "warn" and f"({n.keys[0]})" in n.text for n in _notes))
+_refused = base(setpoint_entity="", integrator_max_w=3000)
+_n2 = []
+check("collecting notes changes no refusal",
+      validate_startup_config(_refused, notes=_n2)
+      == validate_startup_config(_refused) != [] and len(_n2) == 1)
+_rows = {"number.goodwe_setpoint": {"unit": None},
+         "sensor.soc": {"unit": "%"}, "sensor.batt": {"unit": "kW"}}
+_cn = config_notes(base(), entities=_rows)
+check("a battery power sensor in kW is warned about: the add-on takes it as "
+      "watts", [n.keys for n in _cn] == [("batt_entity",)]
+      and "kW" in _cn[0].text)
+_cn = config_notes(base(meter_entity="sensor.grid"), entities={})
+check("an entity Home Assistant does not have is named, and only the ones "
+      "this meter source and roster shape read",
+      sorted(n.keys[0] for n in _cn) == ["batt_entity", "meter_entity",
+                                         "setpoint_entity", "soc_entity"])
+check("with no entity list (Home Assistant down) those checks are skipped",
+      config_notes(base(), entities=None) == [])
+check("a peak limit below this month's peak is warned about",
+      [n.keys for n in config_notes(base(peak_cap_w=2500),
+                                    month_peak_w=2900)] == [("peak_cap_w",)]
+      and config_notes(base(peak_cap_w=3500), month_peak_w=2900) == [])
+check("pv.py converts solar units itself, so no solar key is read as watts",
+      not [k for k in WATT_ENTITY_KEYS if k.startswith("pv_")]
+      and isinstance(_cn[0], Note))
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
 print()
 if fails:

goodwe_controller/test_watchdog.py

@@ -1422,14 +1422,28 @@ for _t in range(0, 400, 5):
     _wd_unit.evaluate(-1000.0, 1500.0, True, T0 + timedelta(seconds=_t))
 print(f"       site: {_wd_site.reason!r}")
 print(f"       unit: {_wd_unit.reason!r}")
-check("⚠️ THE SITE INSTANCE'S SENTENCE IS BYTE-IDENTICAL TO THE ONE THAT "
-      "SHIPPED. It is what an operator reads on the status page, what goes in "
-      "the action log and what is persisted to /data/state.json, so it is "
-      "asserted against the literal rather than against a format string",
-      _wd_site.reason == (
-          "SIGN_DISAGREEMENT: commanded -1000 W against a meter reading "
-          "+1500 W for 180 s continuously (limits: both over 300 W, held over "
-          "180 s)"))
+# UX-11: this was a byte pin. The reason is now the evidence: the action
+# log, the DEBUG line and /data/state.json carry it, and the ERROR line quotes
+# only its code (`messages.reason_code()`). So what is pinned is what it says:
+# the code in front, where every saved reason has had it and where the ERROR
+# line finds it, then the command and the reading in that order (habit 14),
+# the time held and both limits.
+_sr = _wd_site.reason
+_order = [_sr.find(t) for t in ("commanded -1000 W", "meter reading +1500 W",
+                                "for 180 s", "both over 300 W",
+                                "held over 180 s")]
+check("⚠️ THE SITE INSTANCE'S REASON SAYS WHAT SHIPPED, IN THE SAME ORDER: "
+      "the code first, then what was commanded, what the meter read, how "
+      f"long, and the two limits ({_order})",
+      _sr.startswith("SIGN_DISAGREEMENT: ")
+      and messages.reason_code(_sr) == "SIGN_DISAGREEMENT"
+      and all(i > 0 for i in _order) and _order == sorted(_order))
+# UX-11 review: the text itself did not change, and it is what state.json
+# holds, so the byte pin stays beside the meaning pin.
+check("...and it is still byte-identical to the one that shipped",
+      _sr == ("SIGN_DISAGREEMENT: commanded -1000 W against a meter reading "
+              "+1500 W for 180 s continuously (limits: both over 300 W, held "
+              "over 180 s)"))
 check("...and the per-unit instance names what it ACTUALLY compared instead. "
       "'against a meter reading' there would be a false statement about which "
       "instrument produced the evidence, on the one line somebody woken by "

goodwe_controller/tools/replay_refusal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""SAFETY-52's evidence: the 16-day capture replayed with and without the
+battery-refuses hold.  `python3 tools/replay_refusal.py`
+
+Same disturbance, fitted plant and pack floor as `replay_recorded_loop.py`,
+plus main.py's reseed, 15 s input hold and 0 W rules and the REAL SAFETY-37/57
+gate on a register published every 10 s. `old` is `compute()` with
+`refused=None`, which is release/1.0's law unchanged; `new` carries the refusal,
+runs the probe on main.py's clock and seeds a refusal from a gate trip.
+Modelled watt-hours: read the deltas, not the absolutes (see that tool).
+"""
+import math
+import pathlib
+import sys
+
+ADDON = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+sys.path.insert(0, str(ADDON))
+sys.path.insert(0, str(ADDON / "tools"))
+import replay_recorded_loop as R                            # noqa: E402
+from app import freshness, control as NEW                   # noqa: E402
+
+def go(which, rows, fit, publish_s=10.0, stale_input_s=15.0):
+    law = NEW
+    tun = law.Tuning(**R.LIVE)
+    t0, g0, b0, sp0, soc0 = rows[0]
+    pl = R.Plant(*fit[:4], soc0); pl.seed(t0, b0, sp0)
+    st = dict(target=sp0, i_w=sp0, sat=0, loop_w=sp0, ref=0, anchor=None)
+    fr = freshness.Freshness(freshness.BOUNDS["batt"]); reg, reg_t = None, -1e18
+    bad, trips, was = None, 0, False
+    M = dict(und=0.0, imp=0.0, exp=0.0, q={}, run=0.0, mx=0.0, last=None, refh=0.0, probes=0)
+    for i in range(1, len(rows)):
+        t, gr, ba, sp, soc = rows[i]
+        dt = t - rows[i - 1][0]
+        if dt > R.TICK_CAP_S:
+            pl = R.Plant(*fit[:4], soc); pl.seed(t, ba, sp)
+            st.update(target=sp, i_w=sp, sat=0, loop_w=sp, ref=0, anchor=None)
+            fr = freshness.Freshness(freshness.BOUNDS["batt"]); reg_t = -1e18; bad = None
+            continue
+        b = pl.step(t, dt, st["target"]); grid = gr + ba - b
+        if t - reg_t >= publish_s:
+            reg, reg_t = float(round(b)), t
+        fr.submit(reg, st["target"], t); batt = fr.reading()
+        if fr.stale and not was:
+            trips += 1
+            if (which == "new" and not st["ref"] and st["sat"] >= tun.saturation_cycles
+                    and abs(reg) < NEW.REFUSED_BELOW_W and abs(st["target"]) > tun.saturation_w):
+                st["ref"], st["anchor"] = (1 if st["target"] > 0 else -1), t
+        was = fr.stale
+        if batt is None:
+            bad = t if bad is None else bad
+            if t - bad >= stale_input_s:
+                st.update(target=0.0, i_w=0.0, loop_w=None)
+        else:
+            bad = None
+            if st["loop_w"] is None or st["target"] != st["loop_w"]:
+                st["i_w"] = st["target"]
+            if which == "old":
+                d = law.compute(st["target"], grid, batt, tun, st["sat"], st["i_w"],
+                                refused=None)
+            else:
+                probe = False
+                if st["ref"] and st["anchor"] is not None:
+                    h = t - st["anchor"]
+                    if h >= NEW.PROBE_EVERY_S + NEW.PROBE_S: st["anchor"] = t
+                    else: probe = h >= NEW.PROBE_EVERY_S
+                d = law.compute(st["target"], grid, batt, tun, st["sat"], st["i_w"], refused=st["ref"], probe=probe)
+                if d.refused and not st["ref"]: st["anchor"] = t
+                if not d.refused: st["anchor"] = None
+                if probe and d.target_w == NEW.PROBE_W and M["last"] != NEW.PROBE_W: M["probes"] += 1
+                st["ref"] = d.refused
+            st.update(sat=d.sat_count, i_w=d.i_w, loop_w=d.target_w, target=d.target_w)
+        tg = st["target"]
+        if tg - b > 1000: M["und"] += dt / 3600
+        if st["ref"]: M["refh"] += dt / 3600
+        M["imp"] += max(0, grid) * dt / 3.6e6; M["exp"] += max(0, -grid) * dt / 3.6e6
+        k = math.floor(t / 900); a = M["q"].setdefault(k, [0.0, 0.0]); a[0] += grid * dt; a[1] += dt
+        M["run"] = M["run"] + dt if (M["last"] == tg and abs(tg) >= 250) else 0.0
+        M["mx"] = max(M["mx"], M["run"]); M["last"] = tg
+    worst = max(max(0.0, s / d) for s, d in M["q"].values() if d > 600)
+    return trips, M, worst
+
+def main():
+    rows = R.stream()
+    fit = R.fit_plant(rows, stride=7)
+    print(f"fit {[round(x, 2) for x in fit]}, {len(rows)} meter instants")
+    for label, f in (("fitted plant", fit),
+                     ("plant offset 0 W", (fit[0], fit[1], fit[2], 0.0, fit[4]))):
+        for which in ("old", "new"):
+            tr, M, w = go(which, rows, f)
+            print(f"{label:17s} {which}: gate trips {tr:4d} | request >1 kW above "
+                  f"delivery {M['und']:6.1f} h | longest held >=250 W "
+                  f"{M['mx'] / 3600:5.2f} h | import {M['imp']:6.1f} kWh export "
+                  f"{M['exp']:5.1f} kWh | worst 15-min {w:5.0f} W | refused "
+                  f"{M['refh']:5.1f} h, probes {M['probes']}", flush=True)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

goodwe_controller/tools/ux13_demo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+"""UX-13 P1: serve the real page and routes over a fixture controller, for a
+headless browser check.  `python3 tools/ux13_demo.py STATE PORT`
+
+STATE is running, shadow or alarm. The controller is the shipped `Controller`
+with its readings set by hand (two batteries, solar, today's prices in the
+mockup's shape, trading on). Nothing here talks to Home Assistant or to an
+inverter: `/action` changes only this fixture. Used for the P1 render check
+(no JS errors, tooltips, phone width, dark mode) described in the PR.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+from aiohttp import web as aioweb                                # noqa: E402
+
+from app import homeview, web                                    # noqa: E402
+from app.main import Controller                                  # noqa: E402
+from app.peakguard import PeakDecision                           # noqa: E402
+from app.price import PricePoint, PriceProduct, PriceRead        # noqa: E402
+from app.static_tariff import TariffPlan                         # noqa: E402
+
+PRICES = [.24, .22, .21, .20, .21, .22, .24, .27, .26, .22, .18, .16, .15,
+          .14, .16, .19, .23, .28, .33, .36, .34, .29, .26, .24]
+
+
+class Store(dict):
+    def set(self, k, v):
+        self[k] = v
+
+    def set_time(self, k, v):
+        self[k] = v.isoformat()
+
+    def get_time(self, k):
+        v = self.get(k)
+        return None if v is None else datetime.fromisoformat(v)
+
+    @property
+    def data(self):
+        return self
+
+
+class Pub:
+    enabled = False
+
+    def publish(self, _v):
+        pass
+
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class Hass:
+    session = None
+    token = ""
+
+    async def limits(self, _e):
+        return (-5000.0, 5000.0, 1.0)
+
+    async def number(self, _e, invert=False):
+        return None
+
+    async def state(self, _e):
+        return None
+
+    async def set_number(self, _e, _v):
+        return True
+
+    async def call(self, *_a):
+        return True
+
+    async def states(self):
+        return []
+
+
+class Supervisor:
+    async def info(self):
+        return {"options": {}, "schema": [], "translations": {}}
+
+
+OPTS = {"meter_entity": "sensor.grid", "meter_source": "off",
+        "pv_entity": "sensor.pv", "maintenance_enabled": True,
+        "maintenance_start_hour": 18, "arbitrage_enabled": True,
+        "cycle_cost_threshold_eur": 0.05,
+        "inverters": [
+            {"name": "Battery A", "setpoint_entity": "number.a",
+             "soc_entity": "sensor.soc_a", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt_a",
+             "max_w": 2500, "capacity_kwh": 9.6},
+            {"name": "Battery B", "setpoint_entity": "number.b",
+             "soc_entity": "sensor.soc_b", "batt_entity": "sensor.batt_b",
+             "max_w": 2500, "capacity_kwh": 5.4}]}
+
+
+def controller(state):
+    opts = dict(OPTS, shadow_mode="on" if state == "shadow" else "off")
+    c = Controller(opts, Hass(), Store(), Pub(), stop=asyncio.Event())
+    c.auto = True
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    day0, _day1 = homeview.local_day(now)
+    pts = tuple(PricePoint(day0 + timedelta(days=d, hours=k), p, False)
+                for d in range(2) for k, p in enumerate(PRICES))
+    c.tariff_plan = TariffPlan(PriceRead.series(
+        pts, PriceProduct.DAY_AHEAD, "generic_dayahead", now), None,
+        "provider")
+    c.tariff_at = now
+    c.peak_guard = PeakDecision(engaged=False, floor_w=None,
+                                ceiling_w=3500.0, ceiling_from="cap",
+                                projected_w=1240.0)
+    for inv, soc, batt in zip(c.inverters, (62.0, 35.0), (-2500.0, -300.0)):
+        inv.soc, inv.batt = soc, (0.0 if state == "shadow" else batt)
+        inv.dev_min, inv.dev_max = -5000.0, 5000.0
+    c.grid = -10.0 if state != "shadow" else -2810.0
+    c.pv_w = 3900.0
+    if state == "alarm":
+        c.inverters[0].sign_wd.tripped = True
+    return c
+
+
+async def main(state, port):
+    runner = aioweb.AppRunner(web.build_app(controller(state), Supervisor()))
+    await runner.setup()
+    await aioweb.TCPSite(runner, "127.0.0.1", port).start()
+    print(f"serving {state} on http://127.0.0.1:{port}/", flush=True)
+    await asyncio.Event().wait()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main(sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[2])))

goodwe_controller/tools/ux13_validator_calls.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+"""UX-13: record every `validate_startup_config()` call the test suite makes,
+and compare two validators over those calls.
+
+    python3 tools/ux13_validator_calls.py record OUT.jsonl.gz
+    python3 tools/ux13_validator_calls.py compare OLD_APP_PARENT OUT.jsonl.gz
+
+`record` runs each test_*.py with the validator wrapped (in this directory, so
+run it where the suite runs: the CI image). `compare` runs the recorded calls
+through the validator under OLD_APP_PARENT (a directory holding an `app/`,
+e.g. from `git archive <base> goodwe_controller/app`) and through this tree's,
+and prints every call whose refusals differ. P0 of UX-13 used it to show that
+adding the warning tier changed no refusal. scenarios/ux13/ holds the record
+test_uimodel.py round-trips.
+"""
+
+import gzip
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+
+_WRAP = r"""
+import json, runpy, sys
+sys.path.insert(0, ".")
+from app import validate
+real = validate.validate_startup_config
+out = open(sys.argv[1], "a")
+def rec(opts, dev_min=None, dev_max=None, *a, **kw):
+    try:
+        out.write(json.dumps({"opts": opts, "dev_min": dev_min,
+                              "dev_max": dev_max}) + "\n")
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        pass
+    return real(opts, dev_min, dev_max, *a, **kw)
+validate.validate_startup_config = rec
+sys.argv = sys.argv[2:]
+try:
+    runpy.run_path(sys.argv[0], run_name="__main__")
+except SystemExit:
+    pass
+"""
+
+
+def record(out_path):
+    tmp = out_path + ".part"
+    open(tmp, "w").close()
+    rows, seen = [], set()
+    for name in sorted(f for f in os.listdir(HERE)
+                       if f.startswith("test_") and f.endswith(".py")):
+        before = sum(1 for _ in open(tmp))
+        subprocess.run([sys.executable, "-B", "-c", _WRAP, tmp, name],
+                       cwd=HERE, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+                       stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
+        with open(tmp) as fh:
+            for line in list(fh)[before:]:
+                call = json.loads(line)
+                key = json.dumps(call, sort_keys=True)
+                if key not in seen:
+                    seen.add(key)
+                    rows.append(dict(call, source=name))
+    os.remove(tmp)
+    with gzip.open(out_path, "wt") as fh:
+        for row in rows:
+            fh.write(json.dumps(row, sort_keys=True) + "\n")
+    print(f"{len(rows)} distinct validator calls -> {out_path}")
+
+
+def _run(app_parent, path):
+    code = r"""
+import gzip, json, logging, sys
+logging.disable(logging.CRITICAL)
+sys.path.insert(0, sys.argv[1])
+from app.validate import validate_startup_config as v
+out = []
+for line in gzip.open(sys.argv[2], "rt"):
+    c = json.loads(line)
+    try:
+        out.append(v(c["opts"], c["dev_min"], c["dev_max"]))
+    except Exception as e:
+        out.append("raised " + type(e).__name__)
+print(json.dumps(out))
+"""
+    got = subprocess.run([sys.executable, "-B", "-c", code, app_parent, path],
+                         capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)
+    return json.loads(got.stdout)
+
+
+def compare(old_parent, path):
+    old, new = _run(old_parent, path), _run(HERE, path)
+    differ = [i for i, (a, b) in enumerate(zip(old, new)) if a != b]
+    print(f"{len(old)} calls, {sum(1 for r in old if r)} refused by the old "
+          f"validator, {len(differ)} with different refusals")
+    for i in differ:
+        print(f"  call {i}:\n    old {old[i]}\n    new {new[i]}")
+    return 1 if differ else 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) == 3 and sys.argv[1] == "record":
+        record(sys.argv[2])
+    elif len(sys.argv) == 4 and sys.argv[1] == "compare":
+        sys.exit(compare(sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3]))
+    else:
+        sys.exit(__doc__)