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`run_tariff_refresh()` promised in its own docstring that "a failure does not clear the plan", and enforced it with `except Exception` - a branch a supplier outage never reaches. `load_prices()` states the reason in its own words: it "RETURNS, NEVER RAISES, for every failure a site can actually have", because a degradation arriving as a traceback into the planning tick would stop the controller regulating over an expired certificate. So a dead feed RETURNS a §11.4 plan, the `try` succeeds, and the assignment below it overwrote the good plan unconditionally. With `static_profile` unset - the shipped default, and the normal state of a dynamic-tariff site - `_degrade()` returns `TariffPlan(no_data, None, "none")`: a complete 48-hour plan replaced by nothing, at the FIRST failed fetch, ~27 minutes after the last good one. `TARIFF_MAX_AGE_S` (5400 s) never governed anything and there was no serve-stale window at all. Fourth card in one family: FCST-04's M4 (`not ok` only), FCST-05's HIGH (`(JSONDecodeError, OSError)` only), FCST-06 (`not self.ok` only), and now `except Exception` only, for a path that never raises. The question is now asked once, after the attempt, from the evidence that exists - FCST-06's answer, one module over. The evidence is `TariffPlan.from_feed` (did this resolution observe the configured feed) and the shipped `fresh_tariff_plan()`, reused rather than transcribed. A degradation replaces a standing observation only once that observation has aged out, so `TARIFF_MAX_AGE_S` is now the serve-stale window it reads like. A §11.4 static fallback does not replace a fresh provider plan either, although it carries real prices: every point `_degrade()` builds is `provisional=True`, so `firm_points()` is empty, `arbitrage()` refuses and `cheap_now()` is False - everything a consumer may act on is already off - while a day-ahead price for a given hour does not change once published. The rule is deliberately not symmetrical: a standing plan that is itself a degradation IS replaced, or an outage would freeze the operator's static profile at the window it was first generated for. `tariff_at` does not move on a kept plan. It is the moment of the fetch that produced the plan standing, `fresh_tariff_plan()` judges the age from it, and an unmoved timestamp is the only thing that tells a kept plan from a freshly fetched one. test_arbitrage.py section 8b drives the whole chain with nothing stubbed but the socket: the transport raises the way aiohttp does, load_prices() returns no_data, _degrade() builds the §11.4 plan, and the shipped run_tariff_refresh() decides. A check that patched resolve_tariff to RAISE would have passed against the defect. Ten mutations, ten reds, no survivors; 29/29 suites green. Out of scope and unchanged: the persisted price store still does not back the plan during an outage (FCST-03), and the status banner and the Arbitrage row's lag are separately carded. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01BwRLw7eKYj2byVdwB6kbjU