Merge release/1.0 (e3e4ba6) into opt15-price-run-fixes
infra-pin / fresh (pull_request) Successful in 3s
checks / unit (pull_request) Successful in 39m30s

Conflicts (5 files, 9 hunks) resolved keeping both sides:
- p1.py: held_t (OPT-15) beside held_since (SAFETY-90).
- modetrade.py: chargers() takes targets (P4) and probe (OPT-15); decide()
  clears the chargers, a probing refuser included, while a battery drains
  (SAFETY-78); the docstring lists both rules.
- main.py: the roll goes into the SAFETY-90/91 projection chain
  (`_peak_proj`); the SAFETY-95 drain-tail grid_w keeps the run-edge hold on
  its other branch; the P4 forecast state and the hold state both stay.
- DOCS.md, DECISIONS: both lines kept, OPT-15 item refreshed.

Adaptations the merge needs:
- SAFETY-81 x F1: a rolled projection is not graded by the saturation alarm
  until the quarter's first sample, as the old edge tick was not, so a
  standing overload is still notified once per quarter.
- test_safety81, test_modes_p4: modes-on pins re-pinned (with a note), modes
  off pinned to e3e4ba6; test_price_run_fixes: identity pins on e3e4ba6,
  F1 reproduced at one inverter (SAFETY-91 already holds two), tests for the
  drain and the day plan against the probe.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
glenn schrooyen
2026-10-13 12:15:44 +02:00
co-authored by Claude
105 changed files with 17752 additions and 471 deletions
@@ -285,32 +285,11 @@ cross-inverter `lo > hi` contradiction at `arbiter.py:114`. The only line this
card changed there is **which** roster entry the claim is filed on: the one whose
state machine produced the result, rather than `inverters[0]`.
## 6. FOUND AND NOT FIXED: the site loop still contradicts a drain at N>=2
## 6. FIXED BY SAFETY-78: the site loop contradicted a drain at N>=2
Measured while wiring this card, and **pre-existing on `release/1.0` at
`2d025ee`** — the same drain filed on `inverters[0]` produces the identical
refusal with the two unit names swapped.
The maintenance SET **pins** its pack. The loop's target is a **site** claim.
When the site target is *below* the pin — a 2000 W drain while the house imports
less than that, which is most of a night — the only split that sums to the site
target asks the sibling to **charge** while the maintained pack **discharges**,
and `allocator.plan()` refuses it by name as circulating power. The refusal is
correct and fails safe: the whole site goes to 0 W with an `ARBITER: REFUSED`
line in the action log.
**The consequence an operator would see is a misdiagnosis.** The pack is held at
0 W while its state machine believes it is draining, so after 12 h the DRAIN
timeout fires and reports *"drain stuck"* — §12's words for a battery that is not
following commands. The battery is fine; the site refused to allocate.
**Why it is not fixed here.** The fix is to change what the site loop's target
*means* while a unit is pinned — regulate the meter using only the unpinned
packs — which is loop and allocator territory and changes the integrator's
subject. MAINT-05 moves which pack is pinned and nothing else about it. It is
pinned as a running check (`test_maintenance.py` part 12) rather than left as a
comment, so it cannot be forgotten or quietly tuned away, and it wants a card of
its own.
Found here and pre-existing: below the pin the other pack had to charge, the
allocator refused it and the site sat at 0 W. Fixed by a site `drain` floor;
see [[SAFETY-78]] (`DECISIONS/SAFETY-78-drain-at-two.md`).
## 7. FOUND AND NOT FIXED: `migrate_unit_keys()` has the same hole, and it is a LATCH
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
# MAINT-10 — the maintenance start hour is local time, default 19:00
Owner decision 2026-09-29 (option A). `maintenance_start_hour` was compared
with the UTC hour, so the shipped 10 started at 12:00 in a Belgian summer and
11:00 in winter. It is now read on the site's local clock, and the default moves
to 19 so the drain runs into the evening and night rather than the solar day.
Evening drains meet higher house loads; SAFETY-83 (merged first) lets the
peak guard outrank the drain.
## 1. Which zone
Home Assistant's `time_zone` (`GET /core/api/config`, 3 s budget) at startup,
else the container's `TZ`, else UTC. One log line says which (WARNING only for
UTC). Resolved once per start: a zone change in HA takes effect on the next
add-on restart. HA can still be starting when the add-on starts (502 from the
proxy, 2026-10-05); then `TZ` holds. HA pushes its zone to the Supervisor
(hassio `push_config`), which stores it and sets it as the add-on's `TZ`
(`docker/app.py`, Supervisor 2026.08.0), so the hour stays right. Only a `TZ` of
UTC there logs a WARNING asking for a restart. No later re-resolve: the fallback
already is HA's zone, so the rare UTC case gets a warning rather than more code.
The add-on image has tzdata (checked in `amd64-base:3.20`); the CI image does
not, so the tests grade DST on `tariff._EUTimezone` too.
## 2. DST
`maintenance.in_start_slot()` works from UTC instants only, so it does not
depend on how a tzinfo resolves a missing or doubled wall time:
- normally the slot is the local hour `start_hour`;
- clocks forward and the hour does not exist: the first hour after the jump;
- clocks back and the hour happens twice: the first pass only. Without this an
aborted start (90 min cooldown) would start again in the 120 min repeated hour.
Every day has exactly one 60 min slot for every hour 0-23: checked against
zoneinfo for Europe/Brussels, America/New_York, America/Santiago (midnight
transitions), Asia/Kathmandu (+05:45) and Australia/Lord_Howe (30 min DST)
over all of 2026.
## 3. Existing installs
The Supervisor merges the shipped defaults under the STORED options, and saving
the settings stores every key (the reference install's blob has all 76). So
almost every existing install keeps its stored 10, which now means 10:00 local
instead of 12:00 (summer) or 11:00 (winter). Only a blob without the key gets 19.
The add-on does not rewrite a stored option: a silent migration would override
an operator's choice with no way to tell it apart from the old default. A site
that set an earlier hour to make up for UTC (17 for 19:00 summer) must set it
back to 19 after the upgrade, or it starts two hours early. DOCS and the release
note (drafted on the PR, for the version bump) say this.
`tools/supervisor_shape_probe.py` §I measures this on Supervisor 2026.08.0.
## 4. Two inverters
`Controller` hands the same zone to every pack's `Maintenance`, so every pack's
`wants_start()` reads the local hour. `arbitrate()` is unchanged: one pack
cycles at a time, and the one that lost the slot starts in the first start
slot after the other is done (a later day: a cycle outlasts its start hour). On the day the clocks go back, a pack freed during the second pass of
a repeated hour does not start there. `test_maint10.py` part 10.
## 5. What does not change
Only the start decision (`Maintenance.wants_start`) and the Home screen's shown
start time read the zone. `test_maint10.py` parts 9 and 10 run the real
Controller at N=1 and N=2 with start hour 11 UTC against 13 Europe/Brussels (the
same instant): every command, claim, reason and log line is identical. A
`Maintenance` built without a zone reads UTC, as before.
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
# MAINT-13 - a full pack that stops at 98-99 % is not a failed charge
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_maint13.py`. No option added; every number
is a constant in `app/maintenance.py`.
**What happened (live, B).** The drain ended 2026-10-04 18:24 UTC and the charge
began. It ran in pieces behind the price gate, reached 99 % at 2026-10-06 04:00,
fell back to 98 % at 04:15 while the loop still asked about -1370 W, and never
reached `maintenance_soc_target` 100. At 06:24 (2160 min = 36 h of wall clock
after the charge began) it aborted "charge stuck at 98 %". `last_completed` was
not set, so B was still due and would have drained again from 98 % to 11 % at the
next start hour, with no notice. Three faults: a pack may never report 100 %
while the BMS balances; a failed cycle came back the next day; and the 36 h
counted hours the price gate kept the pack waiting.
## 1. The charge is complete when
1. SoC >= target (as before), or
2. SoC >= target - 3 (`CHARGE_NEAR_FULL_PCT`) and the SoC has not beaten its
best for 60 min (`CHARGE_STALL_MIN`) of allowed charging, or
3. the charging time (`CHARGE_TIMEOUT_MIN`, 2160 min) runs out at SoC >= target - 3.
Then the usual HOLD follows and `last_completed` is set after it. Each of 2 and
3 logs one plain line ("the battery takes no more charge at 98 %, so the charge
counts as done", "charge time is up at 98 %, close enough to full ...").
**Why "SoC has not beaten its best", and not asked/delivered watts.** SoC is the
one signal the live record gives us (99 at 04:00, 98 at 04:15); the asked power
was -1370 W but no delivered figure was kept, so a watt threshold (X, Y) would be
invented. SoC also covers the case where power flows but nothing is stored.
**Why 3 points.** The card's band; at target 100 it is 97, and the live pack sat
at 98-99. **Why 60 min.** A judgement, not a measurement: we have no per-minute record of
the pack taking charge near full. The one live fact is 2 h 24 min (04:00 to
06:24) without a new high, so 60 min is well inside it and long enough that a
pack still creeping up (one new high within the hour) keeps resetting the wait.
On the live run the rule fires after 60 gate-open minutes past the 99 %: 05:00
UTC at the earliest, before 06:24 if the gate was open. If the pack turns out to
step up more slowly than that, raise the constant. Falling back by one point
does not reset the wait; only a new best does.
## 2. A failed cycle backs off 7 days
A drain stuck 12 h or a charge that times out below target - 3 is a failure
(`FAIL_BACKOFF_DAYS` = 7). The machine goes IDLE as before, `last_failed` is
stored, and `wants_start()` is false until 7 days later. The operator's forced
start ignores it; a cycle that completes after the failure ends it. An operator
abort, an interlock stop and a switched-off pack are not failures.
**Why 7 days, not the 28 day interval.** A judgement: a failure may have a
short cause (several dull days with no cheap hours, a pack switched off), and
waiting the full interval leaves the coulomb counter uncalibrated for a month
more. A week is long enough that a bad pack costs one drain a week, with one
notice a week, not one a day. **Cost.** A truly faulty pack still drains once a week until someone looks;
the notice says so each time.
**Notice, once.** The tick that fails carries `failed`; the Controller sends one
persistent notification "Battery cycle did not finish" (EN, with the Dutch
below it; per pack at N=2). It is not repeated, and Home Assistant restarts
wipe it, so the status page shows a "Maintenance paused" row with the date for
as long as the wait lasts. The operator may also see the log lines.
## 3. The timeout counts only allowed time
`Controller._charge_gate_open()` says whether the pack may charge now. It is
true when no price gate is set up (no price entities, no fixed tariff: nothing
holds the charge back, and `cheap` is always false there), in a cheap window, or
while the pack is really taking charge (battery power at or below -50 W, which is
sun outside cheap hours). It is false only when a gate exists, is shut, and the
pack is not charging; a pack asked for charge that delivers nothing then does not
count, which is the case the clock cannot judge. A site with a price provider
(TARIFF-11) and no fixed tariff counts as having no gate: the provider's plan
reaches only the Tariff row, never `cheap`, so no cheap window ever opens a grid
top-up there and only the sun charges the pack, as on a site with no tariff. Its
time counts in full. When a provider plan starts to drive `cheap`,
`_price_gated` must become true for it. Whether a fixed tariff is set up is
worked out once an hour, not on every tick. Only open ticks add to `open_min`; one tick
adds at most 5 min, so a gap (add-on down) adds nothing. The stall wait pauses
while the gate is closed. The accounting is written to the state file at most
every 5 min (`charge_track`); a restart loses at most that. A state file from
before this change, or with no record for the current charge, starts from the
wall-clock minutes so far, which is the old behaviour.
**Backstop.** A gated site whose gate never opens (no cheap hours, no sun) would never time
out, so a charge also ends after 7 days of wall clock (`CHARGE_WALL_TIMEOUT_MIN`):
complete at >= target - 3, a failure below.
**MAINT-12.** This is the smallest change that makes the timeout honest: one
boolean in, one counter. MAINT-12's block plan can replace the boolean (the
minutes it plans are the allowed ones) without touching the rest. Two things it
must keep: the back-off is in `wants_start()`, so any new entry point (such as
`price_forecast.begin_phase`, which is not wired today) must go through it or
check `backoff_until()`; and `gate_open` must stay "the pack is allowed to
charge now". The peak guard pausing the charge shaping is not seen as a closed
gate: that time still counts.
## 4. What does not change, and what this does not cover
- The drain, the HOLD, the held-battery rules and `arbitrate()` are unchanged. A
backed-off pack does not want a start, so at N=2 the other pack may take the
slot. One pack at a time at N=1 and N=2.
- `last_failed` is a maintenance key and moves with the others when a second
inverter is added (`MAINT_UNIT_KEYS`). The charge record is not moved; it
restarts from the wall-clock minutes.
- It does not find out why a pack stopped. A pack that stops at 96 % and never
gets near is still a failure.
- The Dutch text is only in the notification. The status row and the log lines
are English, like the rest of the status page.
- It does not change the target: a site that wants a different stop point sets
`maintenance_soc_target`.
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
# MAINT-14 - no SoC reading in a maintenance cycle
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_maint14.py`. No option added; the one new
number is a constant in `app/maintenance.py`.
**The fault.** `Maintenance.tick()` returned early when the SoC was `None`,
before any timeout check. (1) A charge on a pack whose SoC reading was lost
never ended: no timeout, no back-off, no notice, and the 7-day backstop of
MAINT-13 sat behind the same return. (2) A drain kept commanding `discharge_w`
with an unknown level, which breaks the TEL-08 rule that an unknown level never
allows discharge.
## Rules
1. **Charge, no SoC.** The charge timeout (`CHARGE_TIMEOUT_MIN`, gate-open
minutes) and the 7-day wall backstop still run. When one fires: if the last
SoC seen was >= target - 3 the charge counts as done (the MAINT-13 "close
enough to full" rule, HOLD follows); otherwise it fails: MAINT-13 back-off
and its one notification. If no SoC was ever seen, it fails.
2. **Drain, no SoC.** DRAIN holds at 0 W and owns the setpoint, exactly as HOLD
does. The 12 h drain timeout still runs and fails as before.
3. **SoC comes back.** Nothing is recorded; the drain continues at the drain
rate, the charge carries on, and the stall wait of MAINT-13 restarts from
what it was: it paused while the reading was missing, so a gap never counts
as "no more charge".
4. **HOLD** is unchanged (0 W).
5. **Log.** One line when a drain starts holding for this reason ("the battery
level is unknown, so the drain holds at 0 W until it is back"), and one line
when the level has been missing for `NOSOC_NOTE_MIN` = 15 min. Both are said
once per episode; the old line that repeated every tick is gone.
## Why
- **"Last seen", not "best seen".** A pack that was at 99 and then dropped to 50
before the reading went is not close to full. Only the last reading counts.
It is saved with the charge record (`charge_track.last`), and saved at once
when the reading first goes missing, so a restart mid-gap still knows it
(within the usual 5 min save interval otherwise).
- **Failure when nothing was seen.** With no level we cannot call a pack full.
The failure costs a 7-day wait and one notice; calling it done costs a
missed balance and a month-long false "complete". The first is the honest one.
- **Timeouts count the same minutes as with a reading.** Gate-open charging
minutes only; the wall backstop for a gate that never opens.
- **15 min.** A judgement. A poll glitch of a few minutes should not write a
line; a reading lost for a quarter of an hour is worth one. Raise it if the
action log shows noise.
- **0 W, not "stop the phase".** Aborting a drain on a short gap would throw
away the part already drained. Holding at 0 W loses nothing and the 12 h
timeout is the limit.
## Cost
- A drain that loses its reading stops draining, and the 12 h clock keeps
running. A gap of many hours can therefore fail a drain that was working. The
back-off then applies (7 days).
- A charge whose reading is lost early (last SoC below target - 3) fails at the
timeout, even if the pack was in fact filling. The same 7-day wait applies.
## What this does not cover
- **HOLD with no SoC**: closed by MAINT-15 (`MAINT-15-hold-ends-without-soc.md`).
- It does not tell the operator why the reading is missing (sensor, register,
link). It does not reuse the stale-input gate; it is the cycle's own rule.
- The charge itself is still driven by the control loop, which has its own
handling of a missing SoC (TEL-08 for the loop is a separate card).
- A restart loses at most 5 min of accounting, as in MAINT-13. The "unknown for
long" line may be said again after a restart: the episode start is in memory.
- Text added is two log lines, English only, like the other log lines.
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
# MAINT-15 - the balancing hold ends on time with no SoC reading
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_maint15.py`. No option added.
**The fault.** `step()` sent every tick with no SoC to `_no_soc()`, and for
HOLD that returned 0 W without the time check. A hold that lost its reading
never ended: `last_completed` was never written and the next due date never
moved. Harmless for power (0 W), but the cycle was stuck. This was left open
in MAINT-14.
## Rule
1. **HOLD ends at `hold_min` whether or not there is a reading.** One helper,
`Maintenance._hold()`, holds the time check and is used by both paths. When
the time is up it writes `last_completed`, goes IDLE and logs the same
"cycle COMPLETE" line. Before the time is up it commands 0 W as before.
2. **Text.** The 15-min "no battery level" line in HOLD now reads "The hold
still ends at its normal time." Still once per episode.
## Why
HOLD is reached only after the charge counted as done. Every entry into HOLD
is in `step()` or `_no_soc()` and follows a charge that reached the target,
stalled near full (MAINT-13) or timed out near full (MAINT-13/14). Nothing else
sets the phase to HOLD (`_enter(HOLD` has four call sites, all after a done
charge). The hold is a wait for the BMS to balance; it never needed the level.
So a hold that ends with no reading is a completed cycle. The "cycle COMPLETE"
line is true without a reading: it names minutes of hold, not a level.
## Cost
- If the level was lost during the hold, the cycle is recorded as complete
without anyone seeing the final level. The charge had counted as done, so this
is the same trust MAINT-14 already gives a charge that ends with no reading.
## What this does not cover
- It does not check that the pack is still full at the end of the hold.
- It does not say why the reading was lost.
- With a reading, nothing changes. `test_maint15.py` section 7 compares the new
HOLD tick by tick with a frozen copy of the release/1.0 HOLD branch (phase,
setpoint, owner, events, `last_completed`) at four `hold_min` values. A wider
trace of the whole cycle (800 seeded runs against db9e231) was run outside the
repo; its script and log are kept under `scratch/MAINT-15/` of the dev
workspace, not in this repository.
- A state file written by an older version with `phase: hold` loads and ends on
time; the file is not changed in format.
@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ P1 is its section 6 P1, and the pull request lists what was measured.
P2's 19.33; Solar first + Cheap hours only 19.57.
- Not done in P3: the forecast (P4), and a headroom too short for the run
moving the rest to the next cheap periods.
- OPT-15 (TEST-23 findings on 5a4cdc2, `test_price_run_fixes.py`):
- OPT-15 (TEST-23 findings on 5a4cdc2, merged up to e3e4ba6,
`test_price_run_fixes.py`):
- F1, a charge stopped at a quarter edge and latched for the quarter. The
P1 averager opens a quarter only when a sample arrives, and the HA source
builds one 0.35 s after the reading, so the cycle on the boundary still
@@ -84,6 +85,15 @@ P1 is its section 6 P1, and the pull request lists what was measured.
projects the quarter `now` is in (`PeakTracker.project(roll=True)`,
crediting the held sample as the averager will), and only a measured
stop latches. Modes off still reads the old block (identity).
Since SAFETY-91, `next_quarter()` does the same for the guard at two
inverters (no stop there without the roll, same banked quarters); the
roll is what covers one inverter, where the old projection stops the
charge at every edge. With modes on at one inverter the roll also removes
the 1 s 0 W command at each quarter edge that SAFETY-81's sim showed, so
its modes-on digests are re-pinned (modes off equal to e3e4ba6). A
rolled projection is not graded by SAFETY-81's alarm (the old edge tick
read "no seconds left"), so a standing overload is still notified once
per quarter.
- F2, -1120 W export at a charge end against -257 W modelled. The replay
acted every 5 s on readings of that instant, and by then the lagged
battery had nearly arrived, so it never acted on a reading that still
@@ -93,21 +103,81 @@ P1 is its section 6 P1, and the pull request lists what was measured.
reaches the target (or `EDGE_HOLD_S`, 18 s; to 36 s while the battery
still moves). The replay gained `Lag` (dead time, reading age, the P1
debounce, 1 s cycles). Charge end, 800 W house: -10 to -51 W over eight
lag variants; without the hold -1370 W (meter 2 s).
lag variants; without the hold -1370 W (meter 2 s). On e3e4ba6 the same
numbers hold. The hold gives the loop the target as its grid, so it
yields to SAFETY-95's drain tail, and any other claim that moves the
command ends it.
- F3, a charge refusal in a cheap run was never probed: the SAFETY-73 pin
stands only while the site asks that way, and nothing asked to charge.
Probing was chosen over changing the card: the probe is 200 W for 34 s
each 15 min under the same peak gates, and it wins back the run. In its
probe window the refusing battery is a charger, pinned at 200 W by its
own claim, and the others rest. At one inverter SAFETY-52 already ends a
charge refusal as soon as the house asks for power.
- Not fixed, same on 5a4cdc2: with lagged readings a headroom-sized quarter
own claim, and the others rest. A monthly drain (SAFETY-78) still comes
first, and with a day plan a probing Leftover solar battery goes only to
its planned level. At one inverter SAFETY-52 already ends a charge
refusal as soon as the house asks for power.
- Not fixed, same on e3e4ba6: with lagged readings a headroom-sized quarter
banks up to 1.4 W over the aim (48.6 W under the cap), and a battery
reading older than the meter can make a charge start look like a house
over the aim, a real guard stop.
- Review: an unmeasured stop that never latched let a headroom missing
every other cycle flip the charge 1799 times in 30 min, so the second one
in a quarter latches (at most 4 changes a quarter). House steps of +3 and
+5 kW during the hold, N=1 and 2: the peak guard's floor ends the hold at
once, and no banked quarter differs from the loop without the hold by
more than +33 W (1342 W, far under the aim).
in a quarter latches (at most 4 changes a quarter). A house that rises
1, 2 or 3 kW as the charge ends, from 30 s into the quarter to 15 s
before its end (two inverters, lagged readings): the hold adds at most
+33 W to that quarter against the loop without it, and the most any
quarter banks is 3431 W with the charge sized to the aim (3450 W; the cap
is 3500 W). The import during the hold is the rise, below the charge's
own, and a rise past that is the peak floor's, which ends the hold.
## P4: the solar forecast and the day plan (2026-09-29)
- Input: a Home Assistant forecast sensor (`pv_forecast_entity`, kWh left
today; `pv_forecast_tomorrow_entity` optional), read by `app/solarfc.py`.
Supported shapes: Forecast.Solar (state only), Solcast (`detailedForecast`)
and Open-Meteo Solar Forecast (`wh_period`). The unit is read, not guessed;
older than 3 h is stale (one missed hourly poll must not flag it).
- Trust: `solar_trust_pct`, default 70 (owner answer 5).
- House use: nothing the add-on recorded fitted. `tariff.db` holds grid
import per quarter, which the batteries shape. So `dayplan.HouseProfile`
keeps grid + battery per local hour for 7 days in the store
(`house_profile`), median per hour. It is net of the solar the house used,
so the solar sum never takes it below the night median. Solar readings are
not used (TEL-11). The first plan needs one day of it.
- Verdict (`dayplan.plan()`): trust x sum max(0, forecast - house) x 0.95
until the expensive run the cheap run is for. Solar first takes it first.
- Leftover solar may then charge from the grid up to min(ceiling, floor +
the house's use in the expensive runs / 0.95), less its sun share: only
the shortfall.
- Cheap hours only ignores the plan and fills to the ceiling (design
section 1; review of #156, see the replay below).
- Solar first never charges from the grid (owner, 2026-09-29).
- The level is kept unless it moves by min(1 kWh, 10 %). With no plan
(no, stale or failed forecast, no house profile, no capacity) every mode
is P3 option A exactly: `test_modes_p4.py` part 1 pins 12 digests from
5a4cdc2 (modes on, with and without an unavailable forecast).
- The plan is made with the runs (every 15 min, or at once when the forecast
comes or goes). A lost forecast drops the levels at the next cycle.
- Not done: the design's scaling by measured solar from 10:00 (it needs the
solar readings TEL-11 keeps out), the HA `goodwe_<inv>_plan` sensor, and
FCST-01.
- Replay (`tools/opt11p4_replay.py`, 16 recorded days, Solar first + Leftover
solar, net EUR, lower is better; site solar rebuilt from the recording,
forecast errors from Elia's day-ahead Belgian solar forecast):
- year-earlier hourly prices: P2 19.33, P3 option A 19.44, old one-period
trade 18.14, P4 19.15 (perfect forecast 19.14, 1.5 x too high 19.16,
missing 19.44);
- the days' real 2026 quarter-hourly prices (held out): P2 32.26, option A
32.01, old trade 31.40, P4 29.19 (perfect 29.21, too high 29.28, missing
32.01).
- Solar first + Cheap hours only, skipping its sun share (the first
build): 19.57 (same as P3) and 29.72 against P3's 29.41. The shorter,
moved runs left B lower, so later midday top-ups rested A while the sun
shone. Cheap hours now ignores the plan, which is P3 exactly.
- A forecast of no sun at all gives 19.14 and 29.33. So nearly all of the
gain is Leftover solar buying the evening's shortfall in the cheap run;
the forecast itself was worth 0.14 EUR in 16 September days.
- Bias: the site's solar is rebuilt from the same net use the replay
plays, and "recorded" keeps its hourly shape and adds only the national
daily error. Both favour P4; "national" (no house leakage) gives 29.25.
No threshold was tuned to these days. The 2026-09-24 PV recording could not
be replayed: it is only in the live Home Assistant.
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
# OPT-17 - the solar forecast from several entities, summed
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_opt17.py`. Two options added.
A site whose forecast comes as several Home Assistant sensors (one per
inverter or roof side) had to build a template sensor to sum them. Now each
day can list them.
## Options
- `pv_forecast_entities` and `pv_forecast_tomorrow_entities`: lists of
sensors, default `[]`, the same shape as `pv_entities`.
- `pv_forecast_entity` and `pv_forecast_tomorrow_entity` are unchanged. An
install that uses them needs no edit.
- **Why new keys, not "string or list" in the old ones.** Measured on
Supervisor 2026.08.0 by `tools/supervisor_shape_probe.py` §J, as TEL-12's
§G did for `pv_entity`. Declared as a list, each forecast key refuses the
string an install already stores (`Invalid list for option
'pv_forecast_entity'`), and a `[]` default does not rescue it. The one
spelling that takes both, `match(.*)?`, also takes the integer 417 and
shows a plain text box, so a second sensor cannot be added in the UI.
- §J also shows: a 0.17.0 blob validates unchanged with the lists at `[]`;
the lists render as repeatable fields; a downgrade drops them and keeps
the single keys.
- `[]` in `options:` is load-bearing, as for `pv_entities`.
## Rules
1. **One key per day.** Setting the single key and the list for the same day
is refused at start, with one message: keep the list, clear the single one.
The list can hold that entity too. (TEL-12 lets `pv_entities` replace
`pv_entity` with a caution row. Here the brief asked for a refusal: a
doubled or dropped forecast changes what a battery buys, and no install
has both keys yet, so the refusal breaks nothing.)
2. **Each member in its own unit.** Every member is read as one forecast
sensor is today (`solarfc._day()`): Wh, kWh or MWh, never guessed. Then the
day's kWh are added up. A repeated id counts once.
3. **One member not usable means the day is not usable.** Missing,
unavailable, unknown, stale, not an energy unit, or a bad number: that
day's sum is not used, exactly as when the single sensor reads that way.
No today means no forecast (P3 option A). No tomorrow means today only.
4. **Hourly split.** If every member has a split, the splits are joined
(overlapping periods add up). If any member has none, the sum is spread
over the bell, as for a state-only sensor.
5. **Time.** The forecast is as old as its oldest member.
6. **One read.** All members of both days are read in one gather, inside the
gather that reads the inverters, so a slow sensor does not delay control.
7. **Shown and logged once.** With two or more members, each one not usable
is named on the status page by its place in the list (STYLE.md: no entity
ids on the page), as a caution row titled "Solar forecast" on Home. The
action log names the entity id, once when the set of failing members
changes.
8. **One member is the single key.** A one-member list reads, plans, shows
and logs exactly as the single key with that entity.
## Why
- A partial sum is a smaller number that looks real. Two of three inverters'
forecasts read as a duller day, and Leftover solar would then buy grid
energy the sun was going to give. TEL-12 took the same rule for the same
reason. No forecast is a known state with a tested fallback.
- The bell for a mixed list: joining one member's hours with another's total
has no honest shape, and the bell is the existing state-only rule.
## Cost
- One flaky member costs the whole day's forecast. A site with three
sensors loses the plan more often than one with a template sum that hides
gaps.
- Two more options (85).
## What this does not cover
- No weighting or calibration per member; FCST-01 is still the own forecast.
- Members on different integrations with different refresh times: each must
be fresh (3 h) on its own; there is no wait for a lagging one.
- The day plan itself, the trust and the house profile are unchanged.
- The Batteries screen still says only "no solar forecast now". The member
is named on the status page.
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# SAFETY-103 - no swing on old battery readings after a drain ends
**Status: implemented 2026-10-08, for review.** Tests: `test_safety103.py`.
**The defect** (SAFETY-95 rig test, check 5, F1). While a battery settles
from its ended drain, SAFETY-95 steers on the house's point: grid + every
battery's reading - aim. The meter is 1 s old; a battery register can be
10 s old (the SAFETY-90 register model). At E+13 A's reading said 1238 W
(6.8 s old) while A was at 616 W, so the house looked ~620 W bigger: B went
860 -> 1650 -> 870 W. B's own old reading does the same the other way.
**The rule** (`main.py`, `_track_reads()`, `_drain_grid_w()`, N>=2, only
while a drain's tail settles):
1. Each cycle, per battery: the range its power can be in. That is its last
changed reading, widened by every command on its wire since (a lagging
battery moves from one toward the others, never beyond). A new reading
starts the range again.
2. A reading that changed this cycle is taken as it reads. So is the side a
battery refuses (SAFETY-73): it is not heading that way.
3. The house point is held (first cycle: the loop's start from SAFETY-95).
It moves only as far as the meter proves: to the nearest value of grid +
the batteries' ranges - aim.
So the loop no longer moves on a reading that has not caught up. A real
house step still moves it, as soon as the meter shows more than the
batteries can explain.
**Why not the tester's rule** ("a battery whose reading is older than its
last command counts at its command"). B's command changes almost every
cycle, so B is almost always at its command. That is the plain meter, which
chases A's tail: B swings 1420 W. A lag model needs the plant's time
constant, which is not known for a client's inverter. Measured on the plant
below (N=2, 1200 W, A Off; swing = a move of the others later undone):
| rule | 10 s lag | 5 s lag | 20 s lag | surplus, 5 s lag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| release/1.0 (readings) | 760 | 840 | 150 | 800 |
| tester's: at the command | 1420 | 1020 | 1600 | 800 |
| lag model, tau 10 s | 70 | 140 | 80 | 580 |
| lag model, tau 5 s, plant 20 s | | | 600 | |
| hold all window | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| **this rule** | **0** | **0** | **0** | **130** |
Holding all window ignores a house step: a 2 kW kettle at E+5 s imported
14.4 Wh over the next 30 s (release 11.5, this rule 11.3); 2 kW more sun
exported 16.9 Wh (release 8.5, this rule 8.9).
**Before -> after** (`test_safety103.py`, `tools/safety103_plant.py`: 800
W/s ramp, 10 s lag, meter 1 s, registers 10 s at the rig's phases, B idles
at -100 W; summed swing of the others in the 23 s after the end):
| case | release/1.0 | after |
|---|---|---|
| rig check 5: N=2, 1200 W, A Off | B 1140 -> 850 -> 1630 -> 870, swing 760 W | B holds 1140 W |
| N=3, 1200 W / 4000 W, A Off | 680 / 630 W | 0 / 0 W |
| solar surplus, N=2 / N=3 | 890 / 740 W | 130 / 130 W |
| lag 5 or 20 s, registers 5 or 10 s, N=2 and N=3 | | at most 10 W |
| registers as fresh as the meter (1 s) | | rows byte-identical |
| refusal end | | rows byte-identical |
| N=1, every end | | rows byte-identical (also against the release/1.0 tree) |
**Cost.** In the window, a house change smaller than what the batteries
could still be doing is not followed until a reading catches up (at most a
register period) or the window ends (23 s). Under a surplus the others
still swing up to 130 W, a third of a slew step.
**Not covered.**
- Outside the drain tail the loop steers on the meter; readings only reach
the saturation freeze (SAFETY-96), unchanged.
- A lost link or a refusal ends the tail at once (A is out of the split, or
reads ~0 W). The swing after them is the loop's own on a lagging plant,
the same with 1 s registers and on release/1.0: under a surplus up to
1.5 kW at N=2 and 3.9 kW summed at N=3; after a lost link about 1 kW
even without one. Not this card.
- A battery that overshoots its command, or a reading offset beyond the
range, can put the true power outside the range; the meter then moves the
point, as before.
- The end cycle's start (SAFETY-95 step 2) still uses the readings; the
batteries were steady during the drain, so they are current there.
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
# SAFETY-107 - a refusal held under another writer is learned once
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_safety107.py`. One inverter only; nothing
changes at N>1 (SAFETY-73's unit refusal has no "another writer" end).
**The defect** (MAINT-13 F5, MAINT-14 "seen again"). A full pack under a
maintenance charge in a cheap window takes no charge. At N=1 the action log then
showed "BATTERY REFUSES asked -2500 W ..." and "BATTERY REFUSES ENDED: another
writer" every cycle: 548 + 548 lines in 15 min on the MAINT-13 rig head,
652 + 651 in 12 min on its base, 33 + 32 in 60 s in MAINT-14's c2b. The 40-line
log flooded and the hint under the buttons changed every second, so the
MAINT-13 notice was gone at once.
**Cause** (`main.py`, the SAFETY-52 block before `compute()`). The end tested
`self.target != self.loop_w`: the wire differs from the loop's ask. A held
refusal makes the loop ask 0 W, so any claim that binds (the maintenance
charge's `hi`, the peak guard's `lo`, a trade's SET) differs from it on every
cycle. The refusal was ended against the same writer it had been learned
against. `sat_count` is not reset by that end, so `compute()` learned the same
refusal again in the same cycle. Nothing about the battery or the wire had
changed; only the log and the hint did.
**Other writers.** The same flap comes from any writer that holds the wire
while the loop is refused, as long as the evidence lasts: a trade (a SET at
P_ARBITRAGE) into a full pack, and the peak guard over an empty pack: 335
refusal lines in 15 min each at a 5 s meter (`test_safety107.py` part 2, run on
release/1.0).
A maintenance drain or hold does not flap: its SET resets `sat_count` each cycle.
**The rule** (`_refusal_update()`, `rejudged`). When another writer held the
wire, the held refusal is judged afresh: `compute()` gets `refused=0` and no
probe, exactly as before the change. Then:
1. it finds the same refusal against that writer's ask: the same episode
continues, with no line and no hint. The probe clock restarts, as it did on
the old end and start: a probe is the loop's ask, and it is not on the wire
while another writer is;
2. it does not: the refusal ends, logged "another writer", or "the battery
gives power" when the reading shows it (it was "another writer" before);
3. it finds the other direction: end, then a new start, as before. In
practice 2 comes first: SAFETY-94's evidence restarts when the ask changes
sign, so a writer that turns round ends the refusal at once and the other
way is learned ~12 cycles later (`test_safety107.py` part 3e).
**Why this rule.** The end now means what SAFETY-52 meant by it: the refusal no
longer describes what is on the wire, judged by the same test that learns it.
`compute()` sees the same inputs as before and the state after each cycle is
the same (`batt_refused`, `batt_refused_at`), so every command is unchanged.
Keeping the held refusal into `compute()` instead (mutation M5) would also
stop the lines, but it holds the loop at 0 W where the old law let it ask past
a writer's limit, which changes commands; it also removes SAFETY-52's
owner-decided "another writer" exit.
**Evidence.**
- Differential trace (`goodwe/scratch/SAFETY-107/probe/trace.py`, not in this
repo; the real Controller in the CI image, release/1.0 bf3ac79 against this
tree): 300 seeds, N=1 (153) and
N=2 (147), 1/2/5 s meter, full/empty/dead/healthy battery windows, a stepping
house, maintenance charge with the cheap window opening and closing, P1 and
the peak guard, trade windows, stop/start; 427 680 cycles, 294 seeds with a
refusal held. Every command, site target, integrator, `sat_count`, refusal
state and reason is identical. Refusal lines: 100 748 before, 2 188 after.
- The card's case: 1 line in 15 min at N=1 and N=2, 1/2/5 s meter, house
importing or exporting (release/1.0: 335-1 753 at N=1; N=2 was already 1).
**Mutations** (`tools/mutation_run.sh` on purged copies; reds in
test_safety107 / test_refusal / test_refusal_units; trace = seeds of 300 whose
commands differ from release/1.0):
| | mutation | reds | trace |
|---|---|---|---|
| M1 | `now == rejudged` -> `False` (every such cycle ends: the old flap) | 26 / 0 / 0 | 0 |
| M2 | `rejudged` always 0 (another writer never ends it) | 5 / 1 / 2 | 29 |
| M3 | the probe clock is not restarted on a continued episode | 1 / 0 / 0 | 2 |
| M4 | a probe may open while rejudged | 0 / 0 / 0 | 0 |
| M5 | the held refusal goes into `compute()` while rejudged | 2 / 1 / 2 | 27 |
| M6 | an end while rejudged always says "another writer" | 1 / 0 / 0 | 0 |
M4 is equivalent: a probe matters only if `compute()` engages in that call,
which needs `SETTLE_CYCLES` saturated against the writer, and each of those
cycles restarted the clock. The line stays because it states the rule.
**Cost.** None in power. A takeover by a different writer while the battery
still refuses is logged as an end and, ~12 cycles later, a new start against
that writer (3 lines for the episode, `test_safety107.py` part 3a).
**Not covered.**
- A perfectly flat reading under a writer. The stale-reading gate trips, stops
the site and seeds the refusal (SAFETY-52 decision 3). After the stop the
writer's ask returns fresh, `compute()` has no saturation history against it,
so the refusal ends at the first cycle and the next trip seeds it again: 2
lines per gate cycle (29 in 15 min, house exporting), the same as release/1.0.
The gate cycle itself (0 W, then the writer's ask) is the cause; stopping it
changes commands. None of the rig runs showed it: real readings move.
- At N=1 a refusal shapes only the loop. A writer above it still asks the
battery; at N>1 SAFETY-73's P_SAFETY claim binds every writer.
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
# SAFETY-112 - control waits for Home Assistant to finish starting
**Status: for review.** Tests: `test_safety112.py`, `test_messages.py`.
Control is unchanged. The add-on now says plainly that it is waiting.
## Cause
The Supervisor's proxy refuses every add-on request with 502 until Core's
state is `RUNNING`. The add-on reads every battery reading and writes every
power request through that proxy, so it cannot control until then. Readings
that are already live inside Home Assistant do not help.
Source, Supervisor 2026.08.0 (the image the live site ran at CFG-04):
- `supervisor/api/proxy.py`, `APIProxy.api()` (REST, used for reads and
`number.set_value`) and `APIProxy.websocket()` both start with
`if not await self.sys_homeassistant.api.check_api_state(): raise HTTPBadGateway`.
- `supervisor/homeassistant/api.py`, `check_api_state()` returns
`state.core_state == "RUNNING" or state.offline_db_migration`. The state
comes from Core's `/api/core/state`.
- Upstream `main` has the same gate in both handlers (read 2026-10-13).
- A Core restart restarts only the Core container
(`homeassistant/core.py`, `restart()`). The add-on keeps running.
The add-on itself has no wait. Nothing in `app/` reads Core's state or waits
for an event. The loop reads its inputs every second, a 502 gives `None`,
and missing inputs give 0 W. P1 backoff is not involved: the live site reads
the meter straight from the HomeWizard (`homewizard_local`), not through Home
Assistant.
## Measured
Repro stack `safety112-*`, all removed afterwards:
- Home Assistant 2026.9.4, as live.
- A test integration whose `async_setup` sleeps, so Core stays `NOT_RUNNING`.
- A fake meter and two fake inverters that update every 2 s from load.
- The Supervisor's own `APIProxy` and `HomeAssistantAPI` from the 2026.08.0
image. Only the add-on token lookup, Core's access token and the container
check are stubbed.
- The add-on on `meter_source: homewizard_local` against a fake HomeWizard.
Times are seconds after `docker restart` of Home Assistant:
| run | Core `NOT_RUNNING` | entities live in HA | Core `RUNNING` | proxy 502 | first write | wait from live readings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base 3050fa5, N=2 | 13.1 | 17.1 | 253.1 | 0.9-252.7 (1 132 requests) | 254.7 | 237.6 |
| base 3050fa5, N=1 | 13.1 | 18.1 | 256.1 | 1.5-255.1 (573 requests) | 257.2 | 239.1 |
| this change, N=2 | 12.2 | 17.2 | 313.2 | 1.4-312.5 (1 406 requests) | 317.6 | 300.4 |
| this change, N=1 | 12.2 | 17.2 | 255.2 | 1.2-254.1 (571 requests) | 257.1 | 240.0 |
The first write comes 1.0-4.4 s after `RUNNING`, so the whole wait is the
proxy's. With a 400 s sleep Core moved on at 300.88 s on its own (bootstrap's
stage timeout), so one slow integration holds a start stage for about 5
minutes. The whole start can take longer: the live one took 414 s.
Before this change the page said "Not ready — Battery level: no usable
reading", which sends the reader to Developer Tools for an entity that is
fine.
## Rule
1. No way around the Supervisor. The add-on still talks to Home Assistant
only through the proxy.
2. While the proxy does not answer on the API (`hass.OUTAGE.waiting()`), the
first status row is red: "Home Assistant is not answering, perhaps it is
still starting. Control resumes by itself when it answers." The banner
reads "Not ready — Waiting for Home Assistant to finish starting". The Home
pill reads "Waiting for Home Assistant", in English and Dutch.
3. A safety stop, a stalled control loop or shadow mode keeps its own banner
and state over the wait, because none of them clears by itself.
4. The log has one WARNING when Home Assistant stops answering, an INFO line
every 5 minutes while it is down, and an INFO line with the length of the
wait when it answers again.
5. Only the API counts. The meter websocket alone does not, because the meter
has its own row.
## Why it is safe
The change is text only. `cycle()`, the writes, the heartbeat, the stand-down
on shutdown and every watchdog are untouched. `test_safety112.py` part 3 shows
the same targets and writes with the flag on and off, for N=1 and N=2.
## Open, for the owner
The add-on cannot control while Home Assistant starts. These ways around it
were not taken:
- **Talk to Core directly with a long-lived token** (`http://homeassistant:8123`).
Core's own API answers while `NOT_RUNNING`. In the repro `/api/core/state`
answered from 12-13 s, and a direct `number.set_value` 10 s into
`NOT_RUNNING` returned 200 and set the value. The cost is a secret stored
at every client site, which `hass.py` exists to avoid.
- **Talk to the control board directly** (ESPHome native API), so control
does not need Home Assistant at all. This is a large change.
- **Remove the slow start at the site.** On 2026-10-12 the Solis
integration's discovery held the start. Fixing or disabling it shortens the
wait there, but not on a client site with another slow integration.
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ which does not run the startup gate) the absence costs a shave and never a pack.
## 3. DECISION 2 — the site verdict is the MAXIMUM of the packs' own floors
*At N>=2 one pack at its floor no longer stops the others: [[SAFETY-87]].*
`Controller.pack_floor_soc` — the **minimum** measured SoC, the emptiest pack —
**is unchanged**, exactly as the card instructed. What changed is the floor it is
graded against. `peakguard.binding_soc_floor()` reduces the roster's per-pack
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
# SAFETY-78 - a maintenance drain at two inverters
**Status: DECIDED 2026-09-29.** Fixes MAINT-05 §6 (OPT-11 P1 F1, UX-13 P3
check 5, OPT-11 P3 F4). Tests: `test_safety78.py`.
**The defect.** At N>=2 the drain pins its pack (a unit SET at
`P_MAINTENANCE`) and the site target is split around the pin. Whenever the
site target was below the pin, the other pack had to charge. The allocator
refuses opposite directions (SAFETY-25 §0a, SAFETY-31), so the site went to
0 W and logged `ARBITER: REFUSED` every cycle. That covers a house below the
drain rate, a grid-charge trade, and a house above it too: after a refusal the
loop restarts from 0 W and its 400 W slew step is below the pin again.
**The fix.** While a pack drains at N>=2, main.py files a site limit
`drain`, `lo` = what the pin really places (`allocator.pin_w()`: the drain
rate inside that pack's own hard limits), at `P_MAINTENANCE`. So the site
target is never below the pin and the other pack only adds power in the same
direction. Opposite splits stay forbidden.
- The order is the arbiter's own: a safety SET (100) outranks the limit and
the pin, so everything parks; the peak floor (50) and the drain floor are
both applied, so the higher wins; a trade or the loop below the drain is
lifted to it.
- Below the drain rate the drained pack exports the rest, as the drain does at
N=1 (`maintenance.py`: "forced discharge, exports the surplus"). Holding it
to the house load would make N=2 drain differently from N=1; that is an
owner question, not this fix.
- A draining pack that can place nothing (a refusal, a stale link) adds no
floor, and the wait is logged once per episode.
- With battery modes on, no pack is a grid charger while another drains
(`modetrade.decide(draining=)`, why `cycle`), and the other battery's card
says why (`other_cycle`). Not while the drain waits: no floor is filed
then, so the other battery may charge from solar.
- Not filed at N=1, where the drain is the site SET itself: byte-identical
(`tools/safety78_identity.py`, which hashes the claims too).
**Not changed (measured in the PR #154 review, follow-ups).**
- At N=1 a drain (60) outranked the peak floor (50): a 5000 W house imported
3000 W against a 2500 W limit. Fixed by [[SAFETY-83]].
- At N=2 a maintenance CHARGE in a cheap window has the same stall: the
charging pack's `hi = -floor` against the loop asking the other to give is
refused on 141 of 261 cycles. The mirror fix is a site `hi`, which can meet
the peak floor's `lo` (0 W), so it is not this card. Fixed by [[SAFETY-84]].
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
# SAFETY-81 — no false "Load too high for battery" alarms
**Status: 2026-09-29, owner go for the card. Review kept the 10 W tolerance
as a constant and added the 10 s hold.**
## Defect
The SAFETY-79 test (SAFETY-79-test-report.md, F1/F2) saw 6 false alarms in 7.
The alarm fired whenever `decide()` clamped its floor to the rating
(`saturated`). Three things set that while the quarter landed on target:
- **Double count.** `decide()` sizes from the held meter reading plus the
battery reading. When the meter sample predates the battery's last increase,
the increase is counted twice. It happens under noise, and at each quarter
start, where the battery is back while the held sample is still the spike.
- **The aim, not the cap.** `saturated` is graded against cap − margin, so at
margin 50 noise needs 50 W less to trip it (F2).
- **Last seconds.** The gain 900 / remaining turns a few W over the aim into
thousands of W wanted, with the battery far from its rating.
## Decision
The alarm needs `saturated` and `peakguard.load_too_high()`: with the battery
at full power from now on, the quarter still ends more than `ALARM_MISS_W`
(10 W) over the real limit (`ceiling_w`). That is the miss itself, without the
gain. The battery reading it uses is the lower of this cycle's and the last
one's. It must hold for `ALARM_HOLD_S` (10 s). At most one notification per
quarter, because near the threshold the test flickers with the meter; the
ERROR log line is written for every episode.
**Why 10 W:** at margin 0 the guard itself lands up to +5.7 W over (SAFETY-79
test, check 5), and those misses are real but tiny; the alarm would fire in
the last second of most guarded quarters. The margin (default 50) is the fix
for them. Cost: a real miss of 10 W or less is not alarmed; at a capacity
tariff of the order of EUR 50 per kW a year, 10 W in one month is cents.
Review measured +13 W on a 10 kW two-unit site at margin 0, not saturated, so
no alarm: the tolerance only matters when the battery is at its rating. A
constant, not an option: `peak_margin_w` is the owner's knob.
**Why the hold (review):** the test assumes the load now lasts the rest of
the quarter. A load over cap + battery for ~5 s every 30 s (`sine4500_fast`,
a cycling hob or heater) alarmed at each quarter start while the quarter
landed under the aim. The hold stops that.
**Cost:** a real alarm comes 10-12 s later than on 5a4cdc2 (`step6500` at
1211 s, not 1201 s); a slow ramp 20 s later (`ramp6500`), as it waits for the
real cap. While the battery refuses or its reading is lost, the alarm waits
until the quarter is lost even at full battery (27-60 s later in review runs);
those faults have their own alarms. A load over cap + battery for more than
10 s still alarms even if the quarter later lands under. `ALARM_HOLD_S = 0`
removes the hold.
## Not changed: the 1 s spike itself
The cycle after a quarter boundary and before the new quarter's first meter
sample still sees 0 s left, files no claim, and an Off battery drops to 0 W for
one cycle. That is the same edge tick as OPT-15 F1, so it is left to OPT-15.
Control is unchanged here: every command in `tools/safety81_sim.py` is
byte-identical to 5a4cdc2 (test_safety81.py part 1).
The double count also moves control, not only the alarm: on a late sample the
guard asks for the full rating for one cycle (edge4600 at 902 s: 2000 W where
1150 W holds the aim). Left to a follow-up card.
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
# SAFETY-83 - the peak guard outranks the maintenance drain at N=1
**Status: DECIDED 2026-09-29 (owner go, P1).** Follows SAFETY-78's "Not
changed" list. Tests: `test_safety83.py`.
**The defect.** At N=1 the drain is the site SET at `P_MAINTENANCE` (60). The
peak floor is a limit at `P_PEAK` (50), and clause 2 applies only limits at or
above the winner, so the floor was ignored and the house imported what the
drain left. A 5000 W house under a 2500 W limit and a 2000 W drain banked
3000 W quarters; on the owner's settings (limit 3500, drain 2500, margin 50) a
breach starts at about 5950 W.
**The fix.** While a drain owns the setpoint at N=1 and the peak floor asks
for more than the drain rate, `main.py` (`_peak_over_drain()`) refiles that
peak claim at `P_MAINTENANCE`. The arbiter then applies it: the target is the
floor, still inside the safety limits, and a safety SET (100) still parks
everything. Where the floor is at or below the drain rate nothing changes.
- The order in effect is now the same at N=1 and N=2: safety limits and the
SAFETY-73 refusal > peak guard (with the SAFETY-79 margin) > maintenance >
modes > trade > loop (`arbiter.py`, beside the priorities).
- The drain keeps counting: the battery discharges at least the drain rate on
every cycle, so the cycle is not reset or stalled; it only ends sooner.
- Below the drain rate the rest is still exported (owner, 2026-09-29).
- Identity: `tools/safety78_identity.py --diff` against 35cdffe changes only
cycles where the guard asked for more than the drain; after such an episode
the commands are identical again and only the log and the idle loop's
integrator differ. N=2 is unchanged.
**Not changed.**
- Between the drain rate and the peak aim, the house still imports what the
drain leaves (N=1 behaviour kept by the identity). At N=2 the loop covers it.
- A maintenance HOLD (0 W, 120 min, battery full) still outranked the peak
guard at N=1. Fixed by [[SAFETY-86]].
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
# SAFETY-84 - a maintenance charge at two inverters
**Status: DECIDED 2026-09-30.** Follows SAFETY-78's "Not changed" list.
Tests: `test_safety84.py`; identity: `tools/safety84_identity.py`.
**The defect.** In a cheap window the charging pack files its own
`hi = -charge` (P_MAINT_SHAPE). At N>=2 the loop's site target sat above it
(a house to cover, or its 400 W slew step from 0 W), so the other pack had to
give while this one charged. The allocator refuses opposite directions
(SAFETY-31), so the site sat at 0 W whatever the house
(`tools/safety84_identity.py` on 9d5b7d1: 436 of 480 cycles refused). N=1
was fine.
**The fix.**
- While a pack's own limits make it charge at N>=2, `main.py` files a site
limit `charge`, `hi` = what that pack's own `hi` places
(`allocator.hi_w()`, whole W as the allocator rounds). The site target is
never above it, so the other pack only adds power in the same direction.
Opposite splits stay forbidden. Mirror of SAFETY-78's `drain` floor.
- Peak guard first (owner order, SAFETY-83). The charge is sized to the
quarter's headroom under the aim (`charge_headroom_w()`, cap or banked peak
minus `peak_margin_w`), so it charges less instead of stopping: the meter
sits on the aim and the guard does not need to step in. Where the house
alone is over the aim the guard engages, the shaping is suspended as before
(`shaping_suspended()`) and no `charge` is filed, so the guard's `lo` and
this `hi` never meet in one cycle (no `lo > hi`, no park at 0 W).
Without the headroom sizing the aim still held (the suspension did it), but
a battery gave power back on 285 of 540 cycles at a 3000 W house
(test_safety84.py part 2).
- A site stop (a safety SET above P_MAINT_SHAPE) sizes the charge to 0 W:
the unit `hi` is a hard limit, so a charge under a 0 W stop needs the other
pack to give. It was refused, with an ARBITER line, on most cycles of the
stop (test_safety84.py part 4). The stop still parked the site at 0 W.
- A pack that cannot take the charge (a refusal, a full pack, a stale link)
files no ceiling; the other pack follows the loop.
- Not filed at N=1: byte-identical (`tools/safety84_identity.py`, which hashes
every claim, in and out of a cheap window and under a banked peak).
**Not changed.**
- At N=1 the charge is not sized to the headroom: the guard still suspends it
and the battery gives until the quarter is safe. The same sizing would fit
there; that is an owner question, not this fix.
- Outside a cheap window (`hi = 0`, solar only) nothing is filed, at any N.
- A HOLD (later fixed by [[SAFETY-86]]) and the "Battery is not keeping up"
alarm (SAFETY-85) are untouched. In the identity runs that alarm's log line
comes as often at N=2 as at N=1 (2 in 480 cycles).
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
# SAFETY-85 - no false "not keeping up" while another owner sets the battery
**Status: implemented 2026-10-01, for review.** Tests: `test_safety85.py`.
**The defect.** "Battery is not keeping up" (SAFETY-40, `goodwe_integrator_bound`)
fired about every 2.5 min during maintenance (drain, charge, HOLD) and under the
peak guard, while the battery gave exactly what it was told. Each warning
re-created the HA notification. Rig counts: 24 in an hour (SAFETY-83 F1), 43 in
7 episodes (SAFETY-86), 35 in 16 (SAFETY-87), 12 in 6 (SAFETY-84). The page
counter counted cycles (861), not episodes.
**Cause, measured on the real Controller.**
- N=1: when a higher claim decides, `cycle()` re-seeds the integrator from the
target each cycle, then `compute()` adds `gain * error` for a grid error the
loop does not own. Target + kick crosses the rail and sets `i_clamped`. The
carried integrator is not wound (SAFETY-48 caps the lead at one slew step),
so control comes back one slew step at a time.
- N>=2: a maintenance pin is a unit claim. The loop stays the site winner and
winds to its rail for watts the pinned battery may not give. When the pin
lifts, the site jumps: 2500 W in one cycle when a HOLD ends under a 4500 W
house, 1390 W when a charge pin lifts (`s84 n2_charge_dear`, t=1800 s).
**Decision.** Three rules; the alarm, its text and its id are unchanged.
1. **The loop's clamp counts only on a cycle the loop decided.** The winner is
the loop. Its number is on the wire, or only a rating (`device`,
`supervised`) cut it. No bound held it, and nothing was unmet.
(`Controller._loop_alarm_input`.)
2. **A battery another owner set to discharge alarms when it gives less than
it was told.** This covers every battery on a cycle the loop did not
decide, and a battery with its own pin otherwise. The test is more than
`saturation_w` short of the least it stood at over `SHORT_CYCLES` cycles
and `SHORT_SPAN_S` (the plant's measured settle, SAFETY-13/73), for
`saturation_cycles` cycles in a row (`clamp.delivery_short`). It covers a
real shortfall during maintenance or under the peak guard. Before, that
shortfall was silent unless the kick happened to reach the rail (house
1000 W, drain 2000 W, battery gives nothing: 0 warnings before, 4 in 10 min
now).
3. **At N>=2, while maintenance holds a battery, the loop is bounded** by
OPT-11's `loop_bound()` (what the batteries may place). It does not wind,
and control comes back one slew step a cycle. Why maintenance only: that is
where the jump was measured and where the owner order puts maintenance
above the loop. Other N>=2 limits (pack cut-out, SAFETY-73 refusal) keep
the old law. Rule 1 still silences them (the target is unmet), so they no
longer warn either.
Fixing the windup was chosen over only ignoring the wound part, because at
N>=2 the wound integrator moves real watts at hand-back. At N=1 there was
nothing to fix: re-seeding already prevents windup.
**What SAFETY-03/40 protect is kept.** With the loop in charge, the integrator
bound still warns (a runaway, a house above the rating), and a saturated
inverter under the loop's own command still does not alarm (SAFETY-03 AC 2):
rule 2 grades only batteries another owner set.
**The counter.** `ClampWatchdog.bound_episodes` counts episodes that had a
bound engagement. The status row shows it ("N times since start").
`bound` (cycles) stays for the log and the tests.
**Re-pinned digests.** Every change is intended; nothing at N=1 moves a watt.
| digest | what changed |
|---|---|
| s78 `n1_drain_owner` | the false clamp rows are gone from the log; commands identical |
| s78 `n2_drain`, s84 `n2_charge`, `n2_charge_banked`, s79 `n2_maint` (test_peak_margin) | loop reason (`mode-bound`), integrator and loop claim while bounded; commands identical |
| opt11 `n2_maint` (test_modes) | A drops out at t=1655 s: B follows the house at once, 8 cycles differ (max 920 W) |
| s84 `n2_charge_dear` | A's pin lifts at t=1800 s: 400 W a cycle, not a 1390 W jump; the surplus step after it; 98 cycles |
test_safety86's "without the ceiling the log floods" now needs the ceiling
and the bound both removed: either one alone keeps the loop inside what the
batteries can give. The `alarmed()` helpers in test_safety84/86 also read
SAFETY-81's quarter stamp, because ALLOCATOR rows can push its row out of
the 40-row log.
**Review (PR #163).** The first draft graded each battery against last
cycle's command and graded charges too. On plantsim's battery (10 s lag) at
the live 2 s meter, every drain or charge start warned once, and an N=2 drain
or HOLD under the peak guard with a stepping house warned 15 times an hour. A
maintenance charge tapering near full warned 11 times in 50 min, which
SAFETY-42 section 7 had ruled out. With the settle window and discharge only:
0 in all of those cases. A battery that gives nothing still warns, lagging
or not. At a hypothetical 20 s lag, it warns at most twice an hour. The cost:
a battery that does not take a charge another owner set is not named by this
alarm (the same gap SAFETY-42 states; the charge has its 36 h timeout).
`test_safety85.py` part 7.
**Not changed, open for the owner.**
- With the loop in charge and the house above the batteries' total rating,
it still warns (SAFETY-40). On the rig's 2 x 2000 W N=2, most of SAFETY-84's
count came from houses of 4500 and 6500 W.
- TEL-10's `Loop reason` reads `mode-bound` while the maintenance bound holds
the loop, with modes off. DOCS lists the value with both meanings.
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
# SAFETY-86 - the peak guard outranks the maintenance HOLD
**Status: DECIDED 2026-09-30 (owner).** Follows SAFETY-83's "Not changed"
list. Tests: `test_safety86.py`.
**The defect.** The HOLD (battery resting full after the maintenance charge)
is a SET of 0 W at `P_MAINTENANCE` (60), above the peak floor (`P_PEAK`, 50),
so the floor did not bind. At N=1 a 6500 W house banked 6500 W quarters and
'Load too high' fired (SAFETY-83 rig test, check 4). At N=2 only the other
battery gave: 4500 W against a 3950 W aim (SAFETY-84 rig test, check 6).
**The fix** (`main.py`, `_peak_over_hold()`).
- N=1: during a HOLD a peak floor above 0 W is refiled at `P_MAINTENANCE`, as
for a drain (SAFETY-83). The battery gives the floor; the Why reads "raised
for the peak limit".
- N>=2: the holding battery's pin is raised to the floor minus what the other
live batteries may place (their hard `hi`, or their pin). The others give
first, the holding one only the shortfall. Why this split and not the
allocator's shares: the hold is maintenance and outranks the others' use
(owner order), and the owner rule for an Off battery is the same, "give way
only for the shortfall". A battery Off by its mode (P_MODE, below
maintenance) therefore still gives before the holding one.
- N>=2, while the holding battery gives: a site `hold` ceiling at the floor
(P_MAINTENANCE), so the loop does not ask for watts the hold keeps back.
Without it the moving pin re-logged the ALLOCATOR "could not be placed"
row each cycle and filled the action log (review, PR #161).
- Below the aim nothing changes: the floor is 0 W, the hold is 0 W, the rows
are identical to before (test_safety86.py part 2).
- A site stop (a SET above `P_PEAK`) decides alone: nothing is raised at N>=2,
and the refiled floor at N=1 stays under `P_SAFETY`. If another battery is
pinned to charge (a SAFETY-73 probe) the pin is not raised, so the site is
never split both ways.
- The hold resumes by itself: the rule is evaluated each cycle, so when the
guard lets go the command is 0 W again.
**The level dips below the target: the hold finishes anyway.** Owner
decision 2026-10-01: the HOLD ends on its clock (`maintenance_hold_min`) even
when the peak guard pulls the level down; no top-up. A top-up would re-enter
CHARGE (up to 36 h, `CHARGE_TIMEOUT_MIN`) and keep the site's one maintenance
slot meanwhile.
**Not changed.**
- The peak guard still grades the emptiest battery (SAFETY-32): at N=2 with
B under `peak_soc_floor` the floor is limited and A holds even when it is
full (SAFETY-87).
- "Battery is not keeping up" during maintenance (SAFETY-85), the N=2 charge
flapping (SAFETY-88) and the N=1 charge headroom sizing are untouched.
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
# SAFETY-87 - the peak guard uses every battery that can still give
**Status: DECIDED 2026-10-01 (owner card).** Follows SAFETY-86's "Not
changed" list. Tests: `test_safety87.py`; identity:
`tools/safety87_identity.py`.
**The defect.** At N>=2 the guard graded the emptiest battery against the
highest floor ([[SAFETY-32]] §3). One battery under `peak_soc_floor` made the
whole site floor-limited: the claim asked for 0 W and the reserve alarm fired,
even with the other battery full. Measured: a maintenance charge (A at 11 %)
raised the alarm 10 times while both batteries gave 2000 W and the quarter
landed on the aim (SAFETY-84 rig test, check 3); a HOLD (A at 99 %, B at
15 %) left A at 0 W and banked 4051 W, raising the month peak (SAFETY-86
review; rig case 7a: 4563.8 W).
**The fix.**
- `decide()` and its call are unchanged. At N>=2 `Controller._peak_on_able()`
then grades each battery on its own floor (`peakguard.reserve_split()`).
One at or under it is *held*. The others that are live and not refusing
(SAFETY-73) are *able*.
- A floor-limited decision is re-taken on the able batteries
(`peakguard.place_on_able()`): their own permission (min SoC against max
floor, among them), and a floor of `min(need, able_w)`. `able_w` is their
rating plus the drain a held battery gives anyway (its maintenance pin).
- The held batteries weigh 0 in the split while the site gives
(`arbiter.resolve(reserve=)`), so the floor lands on the able ones. During a
HOLD, a held battery is not counted among the "others" (`_peak_over_hold()`),
so the holding battery covers the need.
- Floor-limited now means: some battery is held and the able ones cannot hold
the aim. The claim still asks them for `able_w`. The alarm fires only if
they miss the real limit at full power for `ALARM_HOLD_S`, the same test as
'Load too high' (`_reserve_short()`), so a one-cycle miss at a quarter's end
is not an alarm. With nothing able (all held, or the rest refusing or
dropped) it is the old state: 0 W, immediate alarm.
- The alarm and the row name `held`, each battery graded on its own floor. The
old code named batteries against the site's highest floor.
- Page: the two peak rows carry `runs`. A red `runs` row gives the banner its
title without "Not ready", and the Home page is not shown as held at 0 W.
Rows that do stop control still outrank it.
**How SAFETY-32's concern is still covered.** SAFETY-32 took min(SoC) against
max(floor) so the guard never sizes a forced discharge a battery's own BMS
stops. Now no battery at or under its own floor is asked for the peak: it is
graded on its own floor, and an unread SoC or unknown cut-out counts as held.
The min/max pairing still decides permission, over the able batteries. The
roster verdict `decide()` echoes (`soc`, `soc_floor`) is kept, so SAFETY-32's
call-site and reduction checks still bite. What changed is only that one held
battery no longer stops the others. One exception, with battery modes on: see
Open.
**Maintenance pins beside a held battery** (review). A draining battery that
may still give is raised from its drain rate towards its rating for the peak
floor, after the others (`_drain_over_reserve()`; peak > drain), else the
floor's rest landed on the held battery. In a HOLD, a held battery counts its
own pin (a drain) among the others, and a held battery pinned to charge stops
the raise (never split both ways).
**Before -> after** (test_safety87.py, rig of 2 x 2500 W, aim 3450 W):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| charge, A 11 %, house 4500 | 3 reserve alarms, quarter 3450 | 0 alarms, 3450 |
| HOLD, A 99 % / B 15 %, house 5500 | A 0 W, B 2488 W, 3 alarms | A 2054 W, B 0 W, 0 alarms, 3450 |
| HOLD, house 6500 | A 0 W, B 2488 W, 4051 W | A 2500 W, B 0 W, 4014 W, 1 alarm (A alone is short) |
| HOLD, month peak 4000, house 6000 | A 0 W, B 2488 W, 3551 W, alarms | A 2054 W, B 0 W, 3950 (peak - margin), 0 alarms |
| both under the reserve | alarm | alarm (unchanged) |
| N=1, every scenario | | byte-identical |
**Open, for the owner.**
- The loop still draws a held battery (SAFETY-25 option A: the reserve binds
the peak guard only). It gives last, after the able ones. So with house 6500
in the charge case, B alone cannot hold the aim, the alarm fires as
specified, and the loop then lands the quarter on the aim from A. The text
says "cannot keep … alone", not "will go over", so it stays true.
- Battery modes on, A Off and B held: when B alone can place the floor, OPT-11
keeps A resting and B gives it. When B cannot, A gives first. Making Off give
before a held battery in the first case needs a third allocator tier. The
same at N=3: A Off, B held, C able, floor 4000 W gives C 2500, B 1500, A 0.
Until then, with modes on, a held battery can give for the peak.
- The notification and row text live in `messages.py`, which has no NL layer
yet (UX-19). The Home page text, which has NL, is unchanged.
**Not changed.** N=1. 'Load too high' (SAFETY-81). SAFETY-85, -88, -89, -90.
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
# SAFETY-90 - the peak guard goes on after a P1 meter gap
**Status: DEV 2026-10-05, for review.** Tests: `test_safety90.py`.
**The defect.** A meter gap longer than `meter_max_age_s` leaves seconds the
quarter average does not count (`p1.QuarterAverager`, on purpose: a guess must
not reach the bill record). `peakguard.blindness()` then called the projection
blind for the rest of the quarter, so the floor was 0 W. During a HOLD the
battery gave nothing and the quarter went over: SAFETY-86 rig case 7b, N=2,
3964.8 W against a 3450 W aim, the month peak raised; N=1, 3701 W (review).
The page still read "Keeping the grid near zero". At start-up mid-quarter the
same rule left the start-up quarter blind, and a held battery was drawn as last
resort (SAFETY-91 test, O2).
**The fix** (`peakguard.fill_gaps()`, `peakguard.gap_w()`,
`Controller._fill_peak_gaps()`).
- Once readings are back, every second of a silence longer than
`meter_max_age_s` counts at `gap_w = max(the limit, the import just before
the gap, the import just after it)`, where "import" is the grid plus the
batteries' discharge, i.e. with the batteries at 0 W. The gap's first
`meter_max_age_s`, which the averager credits at the last reading, is topped
up to `gap_w` too. The guard then grades the quarter as usual, so it is not
blind and gives what keeps the quarter at the aim.
- **The bound.** The count is at or above the true import as long as, during
the gap, the house load (less solar) stayed at or under the higher of the loads seen just
before and just after it, or under the limit, and the batteries did not
start charging (during a gap they hold their last command, then go to 0 W).
It never counts the gap below the limit. A load that rises above all three
only inside the gap is the one case it can miss.
- **Cost of the bound.** It is conservative: with the house at 6500 W, a 30 s
to 5 min gap lands the quarter 100-180 W under the aim (table below), paid in
battery energy.
- **While the gap lasts** nothing changes: the reading is too old to steer by,
the guard is blind (floor 0 W) and the "inputs missing" stop sets 0 W, as
before.
- **Before the first reading** (start-up or restart mid-quarter) the
add-on was down, so the batteries were at 0 W (it sets 0 W when it stops,
the ESP32 watchdog after 30 s). Those seconds count like a gap, at
`gap_w(the limit, the import seen first)`; after a restart the restored
reading's held `meter_max_age_s` is topped up the same way. The bound is
the gap's, with only the "after" side known. A load the batteries cannot
make up then raises "Load too high", which is true: that quarter is going
over. The page says so: the status row "Peak guard: part of this
15-minute period was not measured, counted as high use" and the home line
"Part of this 15-minute period was not measured." / "Een deel van dit
kwartier is niet gemeten." until the quarter ends.
*Review:* the first version counted them at the aim, with "nothing is
known" as the reason. The first reading does show the load, and with the
batteries at 0 W the import was that load, not the aim: a 60 s restart
during a 6500 W HOLD landed 3653 W against 3450 W.
- The bill record (`quarter_blocks`) is unchanged: it still banks only what
was measured. The estimate steers the guard and is never banked.
- The action log gets one `PEAK_GUARD_GAP` row per gap, with the seconds and
the watts it was counted at.
- No option. The threshold is `meter_max_age_s`, the limit and the aim are
`peak_cap_w` and `peak_margin_w`.
**Before -> after** (`test_safety90.py`, quarter as the meter really averages
it, gap starting 300 s in; 10 s battery lag; aim 3450 W):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| N=1 HOLD 6500 W, gap 30 s / 60 s | 3456.6 / 5329.2 | 3346.2 / 3272.2 |
| N=1 HOLD 5500 W, gap 5 min | 4717.9 | 3330.6 |
| N=2 HOLD, B able, 6500 W, gap 30 s / 60 s | 3456.6 / 3865.6 | 3346.3 / 3272.7 |
| N=2 HOLD, B able, 5500 W, gap 5 min | 3745.4 | 3288.9 |
| N=2 HOLD, B held, 5500 W, gap 60 s | 3254.9, B drawn 2500 W | 3335.4, B 0 W |
| gap across the edge, next quarter, N=1 / N=2 | 4100.0 / 3621.2 | 3446.3 / 3382.2 |
| house 3000 -> 6500 W inside a 60 s gap, N=1 | 5255.6 | 3368.3 |
| house 6500 -> 2000 W late in a 5 min gap, N=1 | 3629.2 | 3145.1 |
| start-up 450 s in, N=1, house 5000 W (batteries at 0 W before it) | 5000.0 | 3450.0 |
| restart, down 60 s / 150 s, N=1, house 6500 W | 4039.1 / 5483.3 | 3450.0 / 3450.0 |
| meter never drops, N=1 and N=2 | | rows identical |
**Not changed.** The late-reading edge (SAFETY-91 test, O1): a reading late by
less than `meter_max_age_s` is not a gap, and the seconds since it are not
counted in the projection (on any quarter, not only after a gap). Near a
quarter's end the 900/remaining gain turns that into a large negative excess
and the floor drops for a cycle or more. Counting those seconds at the held
reading would fix it, but it changes every quarter's last seconds on a
healthy meter; it is handed back as its own card.
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
# SAFETY-91 - a held battery is drawn only after the others are full
**Status: DECIDED 2026-10-01 (owner: held battery last, SAFETY-25 option A
kept).** Follows SAFETY-87. Tests: `test_safety91.py`.
**The defect** (SAFETY-87 rig test, F1 and F2). At N>=2 a battery at or under
its own peak reserve was held back (weight 0) only on cycles where the peak
guard asked for power.
- F1: B draining at 1000 W, A held at 15 %, house 5500. Once the grid was
near zero the loop set the target, A had its normal weight and B's drain
pin bound, so the loop drew A at 2500 W for the whole quarter (15.0 ->
10.7 %) while B stayed at 1000 W. In the next quarter A reached its
cut-out, and B stayed pinned at the peak floor (~2422 W), not its 2500 W.
- F2: in a HOLD (A holding, B held), at a quarter's edge the guard saw a block
with no seconds left and asked for nothing for one cycle. The HOLD's
ceiling lapsed, A went back to 0 W and the loop's target went to B: 2500 W
for 1 s.
**The fix** (`main.py`, N>=2 only).
- `_held_back()`: the batteries at or under their own reserve while another
can still give (live, not refusing), graded as in `_peak_on_able()`. They
weigh 0 in every split where the site gives, not only for the peak. With
nobody able (all held, or the rest refusing or dropped) nobody is held back
and the split is as before.
Review: once held back, a battery stays so until its SoC reads more than 1
point above its reserve. A reading flipping 20/21 % otherwise swapped
~1000 W between the batteries on each flip (grid +-500 W with A 10 s and
B 3 s lag). The guard's own permission (SAFETY-87) is unchanged.
- `_drain_rise()`: while a battery is held back, a draining battery's pin
becomes a floor at its drain rate (`lo`), so it rises towards its rating
before the held one gives. Not for a held battery's own drain, not under a
site stop, not for a battery that is not live.
- `tariff.next_quarter()`: past a block's end, before the next block's first
telegram, the guard grades the next quarter, projected from the held
reading (the averager credits it there). Not when that reading is too old
to be credited (`max_hold_s`).
**What stays.** SAFETY-25 option A: once every able or draining battery is
at full power, the loop still draws a held battery (`allocator._fill()`'s
last-resort pass). With house 5500 and 2 x 2500 W, A still gives 2500 W
after B is full. Nothing is placed on a battery at its cut-out: OPT-09's
pack limit closes it (`hi = 0`), and the drain rise lets B take the rest.
**Before -> after** (`test_safety91.py`, 2 x 2500 W, lagging battery 10 s):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| B drain 1000, A held, house 4000 | A 2500, B 1000 | A 1500, B 2500 |
| same, house 5500 | A 2500, B 1000 | A 2500, B 2500 (option A) |
| cycles A asked while B not full | 612 of 900 | 0 |
| A at its cut-out, house 5500: B | 1572 W mean | 2500 W, A 0 W |
| HOLD, late telegram at the edge | A 0, B 2470 for 1 cycle | A 2050, B 0 |
| idle, A held, house 2000 | A 1005, B 1005 | A 0, B 2020 |
| N=1, every scenario | | byte-identical |
**Why N>=2 only.** At N=1 there is no other battery to give first. The edge
roll would also fix the N=1 one-cycle dip at a quarter's edge (SAFETY-86
rig, "A dropped to 0 W for 1 s"), but this ticket keeps N=1 byte-identical;
extending it is a one-line change for a later ticket.
**Re-pinned.** `test_modes.py` `n2` and `n2_off`: from t=1600 battery A is
at its 20 % reserve, so B carries the house and A gives last (100 of 540
cycles differ). With SAFETY-87's held rule both are a5dddad's again, and the
test grades that.
Two fixtures changed with it: `test_safety87.py` part 10's "without the
raise" run also turns off `_drain_rise()` (else B rises anyway), and
`test_peakguard.py` 10g and `test_watchdog.py`'s two-inverter rig give
their second battery a cut-out, as rule 8 requires (an unknown cut-out is held, so A alone would carry the cycle).
**Not changed.** The peak guard's own rules (SAFETY-87). A drain with
nobody held stays a pin (SAFETY-78). An Off battery beside a held one
(SAFETY-87 Open). The first cycle after start, before any quarter is
measured, can still put the loop's first step on a held battery in a HOLD.
SAFETY-88, -89, -90, -92, -93, -94.
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
# SAFETY-93 - the maintenance charge end hands back smoothly
**Status: implemented 2026-10-02, for review.** Tests: `test_safety93.py`.
**The defect** (SAFETY-85 rig test, check 4; also on 9358781). At N=2, when
A's maintenance charge ended, B went 0 -> -1600 W in one cycle and charged
from the grid with the house at 6000 W. The HOLD end was already smooth
(SAFETY-85).
**Cause.** During the charge the site target holds A's charge (SAFETY-84's
`charge` ceiling, -2000 W). At the end A gets its HOLD pin (0 W), but the
loop starts its next step from last cycle's site target. The slew limit
moves the site total by 400 W (-2000 -> -1600), and the only battery left
to place it on is B. The same happens when the charge times out or the
battery is switched Off (A free, its -2000 W shared out). With the charge
suspended by the guard and A giving under the loop, B took A's share in
one step (675 W).
**The fix** (`main.py`, `_reseed_charge_end()`, N>=2 only). On the cycle a
battery leaves CHARGE, the loop's start point (`self.target`, and the
integrator with it) is what the other batteries stood at plus that
battery's new command: its pin (HOLD or abort, 0 W), or, if it is free, its
last discharge (a charge stops). The loop then moves from there one slew
step a cycle. The ending battery's own step (-2000 -> 0 W) is maintenance's
pin, as before; it lowers the grid import. The end is kept until the loop
next runs, so a missed poll on that cycle (the input hold) does not lose it.
Review: a charge also ends, for the site, when the battery is still in
CHARGE but can no longer be placed: a stale link or a refusal (SAFETY-73)
drops it, and its -2000 W landed on B the same way (B 0 -> -1600 W at a
1200 W house). So the end is noted after the unit claims are filed: a
battery leaves the charge when it leaves CHARGE, is not live, or its own
claims contradict. The guard suspending the charge (SAFETY-84) is no end.
Why a start-point reseed, and not a per-battery slew in the allocator: the
jump comes from one stale number at one edge, the kind of edge SAFETY-73
(`_unit_refusal_end`) and OPT-11 P3 (`_reseed_run_edge`) already reseed.
The change stays at that edge; nothing else at N>=2 moves.
**Before -> after** (`test_safety93.py`, 2 x 2500 W, 10 s lag, 2 s meter):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| rig case: house 6000, A charges 2000 to the end | B 0 -> -1600, charges 4 cycles | B 0 -> 400 -> 800 ..., never charges |
| house 1200 | B 0 -> -1600 (2800 W from the grid) | B steps of 400, never charges |
| charge times out / A switched Off | B 0 -> -1600 | B 0 -> 400 |
| guard suspended the charge, A gives 1825 | B step 675 W | B step 395 W |
| missed poll on the end cycle | B 0 -> -1600 a cycle later | B 0 -> 400 |
| A dropped mid-charge (stale link, refusal), house 1200 | B 0 -> -1600 | B 0 -> 400 |
| N=1, both charge ends above | | byte-identical |
No pinned digest moved: the 46 digests of `tools/*identity*.py` (N=1 and
N=2) are byte-identical to f3e409c; none of their scenarios reaches a
charge end.
**Not changed.** The peak guard's floor still moves the site in one step
when it engages (a house step, a quarter edge): the guard outranks the slew
(owner order). A HOLD pin still drops the holding battery to 0 W at once
and SAFETY-86 gives way to the others first. SAFETY-88 (charge flapping
above the aim) is untouched.
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
# SAFETY-94 - a battery that lags or reverses is not frozen or refusing
**Status: implemented 2026-10-03, for review.** Tests: `test_safety94.py`
(rig: `tools/safety94_rig.py`). Also closes SAFETY-58. SAFETY-74 stays open.
## The defects
1. **Stale-reading gate (SAFETY-37).** Its 35 s ran from the register's last
change. After a rest that clock was already past 35 s, so the first read
after a new command tripped it, before the register could answer. Live
2026-10-03 (0.14.0, N=2): 17:39:16 B and 17:39:25 A (load ramp after a
rest), 19:00:04 A (drain start), 21:21:22 B (drain -> charge). Each was
1 s after its command; each register answered within 11 s. This is
SAFETY-58's shape.
2. **Refusal at N=1 (SAFETY-52).** `compute()` engaged after `SETTLE_CYCLES`
frozen cycles if the reading was under 100 W at that moment. The frozen
cycles include a reversal through the battery's lag. At a 1 s meter the
12th cycle comes as a battery reversing out of a charge passes 0 W
(SAFETY-85 rig, O1: "gave -20 W for 13 cycles"). The refusal then held
0 W, the battery settled at 0 W, never gave 100 W, and waited for the
15-minute probe. N>1 already required 22 s in the band, so it was safe
at a 10 s lag but not at 20 s.
## What changed
- **The gate counts only time the register was asked to move**
(`freshness.Freshness._oblige`). A read counts the time since the last
read when, at that read, the command is 250 W or more and has moved 250 W
from where it stood at the register's last change. A register change
(or a SAFETY-57 release) restarts the count. A command flapping in and
out of the ask still adds up (frozen register, 0/1500 W every 5 s: trip
at 69 s). The conjunction, `MOVE_W` and `RELEASE_S` are unchanged.
- **The bound is unchanged at 35 s and now means what its derivation
says.** The floor was always "how long a healthy register takes to answer
a command": 6 s plant + 10 s publish + 1 s read = 17 s. The band
`[2 x 17, 0.5 x 75] = [34, 37.5]` holds. Live answers measured: 1.4, 3,
6 and 11 s after the command.
- **Refusal evidence is the same at every roster size**
(`main.Controller._gave_nothing`, SAFETY-73's count moved into a method).
The reading must stay under 100 W, one way, while asked over 200 W, for 12
cycles spanning 22 s. At N=1 `compute()` gets this as `gave_nothing` and
needs it on top of its own freeze test. `None` (compute alone) keeps the
old law.
- **The evidence restarts when the reading moves 50 W towards the ask**
(`REFUSED_PROGRESS_W`). A refusing battery reads flat (-3/-4 W live). Live
readings wander by under 25 W at rest. A first-order lag crossing the band
gains 50 W in at most 0.4 tau, so it cannot fill 22 s unless tau > 54 s.
This also covers B, whose reading is 100 W below its power.
## Bounds and worst-case catch
| fault | before | after | budget |
|---|---|---|---|
| register frozen, then asked to move | 0-35 s after the ask (often 1 s) | 35 s after the ask (+1 read) | SAFETY-37: 35 s, under the 75/85 s consumer holds |
| register frozen at rest reading ~0 W | stale 1 s after the ask | refused or stale, 0 W within 23-35 s | the same |
| refusing battery, 1 s meter, N=1 | 11-16 s | 22-28 s | SAFETY-73's 22 s span (+ one 10 s publish) |
| refusing battery, 2 s meter | 22-28 s | 22-28 s | unchanged |
| refusing battery, 5 s meter | N=1 35-41 s, N=2 41-55 s | N=1 40-45 s, N=2 50-55 s | 12 cycles = 55-60 s |
Rig: `test_safety94.py` part 3. A release after SAFETY-57 still exposes
the held number for one 35 s window of asking, so 35 < 75 < 85 still holds.
## Before -> after
- Live replay (part 1): 4 trips -> 0.
- Refusing B (its -100 W idle reading): see SAFETY-97.
- Rig, 10 s lag, N=1 and N=2, 1/2/5 s meters, two register shapes, 48 runs
(part 2): before 27 stale trips and 1 refusal, after 0 and 0.
- Reversals, lag 10 and 20 s, 1 s meter (part 2): before N=1 6 stale / 3
refused, N=2 6 / 1; after 0 / 0.
- 16-day loop capture (`test_freshness.py` part 8): 93 trips -> 59. Trips
answered within 20 s: 21 -> 1. Two of the removed trips were not quick:
a register held 351 s under a command hovering at the 250 W travel edge
(under 35 s of asking before it moved; survivor 2's shape), and a
refusing battery the gate had caught only on a passing ramp (SAFETY-52's
refusal covers it).
## SAFETY-58 and SAFETY-74
- **SAFETY-58 is fixed** by this change: its card asks for the clock to
start with the obligation and for the bound to be re-derived. Both are
done above. `test_freshness.py` survivor 5 is now graded as closed.
- **SAFETY-74 is not fixed.** A battery capped at 300 W with a perfectly
flat reading, 5 s meter, house stepping: 50 trips/h at N=1 and 80 at N=2
before, 37 and 60 after. With +-1 W dither: 0. A flat reading under a
command that moved is exactly what the gate is for; telling "limited"
from "frozen" needs a second signal (the meter, or SoC).
## Known gaps
- ~~B's standby offset (-95 to -118 W at idle) puts a refusing B outside the
100 W band, so a refusing B never latched (review F1: at N=1 new, at N=2
as before).~~ **Fixed by SAFETY-97 in the same PR:** the band is centred
on each unit's learned idle reading. `SAFETY-97-idle-offset.md`.
- A command that asks only part of the time (a fraction d) is caught after
35 s of asking, which is 35/d s of wall time (0/1500 W every 5 s: 69 s).
SAFETY-30's per-unit check restarts when its command stops opposing the
held reading, which a lapsing ask normally does, so 35 < 85 holds there.
SAFETY-31's circulation check (75 s) ignores the command, so its margin
holds only while d >= 0.47.
- A register frozen under a command that stays near the 250 W travel edge
is caught late or not at all (survivor 2).
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
# SAFETY-95 - a maintenance drain that ends hands back smoothly
**Status: implemented 2026-10-06, for review.** Tests: `test_safety95.py`.
**The defect** (SAFETY-93 review, O1). At N=2, when A's drain ended (A
switched Off, say) with the house at 1200 W, B went 0 -> +1600 W in one
cycle and exported. It is the mirror of SAFETY-93 on the drain end.
**Cause.** During a drain the site target carries A's drain floor
(SAFETY-78, `drain`, 2000 W) above what the house needs. At the end A's
command drops (pin, Off, abort, stale link, refusal), but the loop slews
from last cycle's target (2000 -> 1600) and only B is left to place it.
Under a solar surplus B gave 1600 W into the export.
**The rule** (`main.py`, `_reseed_drain_end()`, `_drain_grid_w()`, N>=2
only). On the cycle a drain ends:
1. The start point is what the others stood at plus A's new command (its
pin, else 0 W; a dropped battery is sent 0 W), as SAFETY-93 does.
2. If the house needs more, the start is raised to the house's own point
(live batteries' readings + grid - target, as `_reseed_run_edge()`),
but never above last cycle's start. So the others cover the house at
once and never take over the drain's export.
3. While A settles (SAFETY-96's window: within the deadband, at most
`PLANT_SETTLE_DOWN_S`), the loop's error is the house's point minus its
start, not the meter. The meter still shows A's tail and the others'
climb; chasing it sent B down and then up again.
4. Then the loop moves one slew step a cycle.
A drain ends when its battery leaves DRAIN, is not live, its claims
contradict, or it will not give (SAFETY-73's limit outranks the pin
without a contradiction, so the refusal is read from the battery; +1 only,
as `_held_back()`). Today a contradiction on a drain only arises through
a refusal; the clause stays because a contradiction sends A 0 W, which is
an end (tested directly). The end is kept
until the loop runs (a missed poll). A dropped draining battery is this
rule's, not `_reseed_drop()`'s. Order in one cycle: drop/rejoin
(SAFETY-96), charge end (SAFETY-93), drain end (this) last; each moves the
start by its own battery, and the drain end's raise reads the start the
others left.
**Why not SAFETY-93's rule alone** (step 1, then slew). Measured on the
same plant: at 1200 W the grid imports 849 W and B goes to -465 W
(charging) while the loop chases A's tail; at N=3 and 4000 W it imports
784 W where base imports 42 W, as the others give up A's share of the house.
The house point keeps the grid at its aim; the cap at last cycle's start
keeps it from exporting.
**Before -> after** (`test_safety95.py`, 2500 W batteries, 10 s lag, 2 s
meter; base = the same tree with the change taken out):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| drain done / Off / timeout, N=2, 1200 W | B 0 -> 1600, +390 W commanded export, grid then +559 W | B 0 -> 1210, grid within 40 W of its aim |
| the same, N=3, 1200 W | B, C 0 -> 800, grid +695 W | 0 -> 605, grid +39 W |
| the same, solar surplus | B gives 1600 W into the surplus | B never gives; site moves 400 W a cycle |
| refusal, N=3, 1200 W | B, C step 1020 W, +2000 W commanded export | step 20 W, +70 W |
| N=3, 4000 W | others take A's share at once | the same (grid +1 W, base +42 W) |
| abort (site zeroed by the operator) | climbs from 0, grid +669 W | climbs from 0, grid +16 W |
| stale link (board watchdog 25 s) | | as base, but N=3 4000 W: grid +676 W (base +786) |
| N=1, every drain end | | byte-identical |
`tools/opt11_identity.py` n2_maint moved on purpose (A's drain refused at
1655 s; B stays at the house's 1420 W instead of 2500 W). Re-pinned in
`test_modes.py`. The other 45 digests are byte-identical.
**Not changed.** The peak guard's floor still binds (arbiter, after the
loop). Held batteries still give last; the idle clamp and the freeze test
are as they were. A charge end (SAFETY-93) and a trade end are unchanged.
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
# SAFETY-96 - a battery the loop cannot move does not freeze it
**Status: implemented 2026-10-06, for review.** Tests: `test_safety96.py`.
**The defect** (SAFETY-93 rig test). At N=2 the saturation freeze compares
the site target with the site sum of the readings. After A's link went
stale, A was out of the split but its reading (-2000 W, still charging) was
in the sum: "saturation freeze (800 W vs -1903 W)", B held at 1200 W for
~236 cycles until the circulation trip. After a charge timeout or Off at
6000 W the loop froze ~14 s at 800 W while A came out of its charge. At a
drop, B also took A's whole share in one step.
**The rule** (`main.py`, `_held_out_w()`, `_reseed_drop()`, N>=2 only).
A battery is held out of the freeze test, counted at its command instead of
its reading, while:
- it is out of the split (writes refused for `LINK_STALE_S`);
- its last write was refused (its board may have gone to 0 W on its own
watchdog);
- it settles after a step the loop did not make: a charge end (SAFETY-93:
HOLD, timeout, Off, refusal, stale link) or a rejoin (then every battery,
as the split is made again). Settling ends when its reading is within the
deadband of its command, or after `PLANT_SETTLE_DOWN_S` (23 s, the
measured plant settle).
Its real power is not lost and not counted twice: the meter sees it, and
the loop follows the meter. Only the freeze stops reading it as the loop's.
The freeze still fires on the other batteries' own lag and on unplaced
watts.
At a drop the battery's share leaves the loop's start point, so the others
take over one slew step a cycle. At a rejoin it enters at its reading.
**Not a drop.** A missing reading or a stale register stops the site
(`inputs_ok`), as before. A refused battery (SAFETY-73) stays in the sum:
it is asked ~0 W and reads ~0 W. A watchdog-stopped battery (SAFETY-02/30)
is pinned at 0 W and stays in the sum. New: no refusal is learned on a
battery whose writes are refused; its board going to 0 W is no refusal. Its
count is kept, not reset, so a link that refuses 1 write in 3 does not hide
a battery that really refuses (review).
**Before -> after** (2 x 2500 W, 10 s lag, 2 s meter; freeze cycles not
about the remaining battery's own lag):
| case | before | after |
|---|---|---|
| A drops while giving, A holds 1200 W | 128, B steps 1210 W | 0, B stays |
| A drops while charging, A holds -2000 W | 78 | 0 (circulation trip stays: 4 kW goes round) |
| A drops while charging, board to 0 W | 5 | 0 |
| A drops then comes back, A holds 1200 W | 46, grid +1.1 kW | 0, grid within 250 W |
| charge timeout at 6000 W | 7, B held at 400 W | 0, B climbs |
| A switched Off at 6000 W | 6, B held at 800 W | 0, B climbs |
| N=1, N=2 with no drop | | byte-identical |
**Not changed.** At a rejoin the allocator splits again at once (A 0 ->
1205, B 2410 -> 1205 W); the site total does not step. A battery that keeps
charging on its own after its link drops still trips the circulation check
(it is real circulation). A trade end (`_reseed_run_edge`) still starts
from the full site sum.
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
# SAFETY-97 - "gives nothing" is graded against each battery's idle reading
**Status: implemented 2026-10-04, folded into PR #171 (SAFETY-94), for
review.** Owner decision 2026-10-04: the band's centre is clamped to
+-75 W (see Bounds). Tests: `test_safety97.py` (rig: `tools/safety94_rig.py`).
Closes SAFETY-94 review finding F1.
## The defect
B's power reading (board B's `inverter_ac_power`, 0x0518) shows -95 to -118 W
at idle: its standby draw (the GoodWe app shows 0 W). A's shows -2 to -4 W.
Every "the battery gives nothing" test was `|reading| < 100 W`, so a refusing
B sat on the band's edge and never latched:
- N=2: never caught, before or after SAFETY-94.
- N=1: the old one-instant check caught it in 17-105 s; SAFETY-94's shared
rule (12 cycles in the band in a row) never did (review probe, 1200 s).
## Design
- **Offset source: learned per unit** (`app/idle.py`, `Inverter.idle`). No
new option: a required one is a setup step every client gets wrong, and an
optional one is a second source to reconcile. An override can be added
later if a site needs one.
- **When it learns:** control runs; the unit is not refused (unit or site),
stale or sign-tripped; its command has been within 50 W (`IDLE_ASK_W`) for
120 s (`IDLE_QUIET_S`, 6 lags of 20 s). A refusing battery is asked more
than 50 W, and while refused it does not learn, so its refusal cannot be
learned as idle. A capped battery under a big ask is not sampled either.
- **How:** the first value is the mean of 120 s of samples; then it follows
drift with a 30 min time constant. A sample beyond 250 W (`IDLE_SAMPLE_W`)
is dropped (a register held at a giving value). The band is centred on
the value clamped to 75 W (`IDLE_MAX_W`; owner decision below).
- **Restart:** saved per unit (`unit/<name>/idle_w`, on first learn and each
5 W move) and restored, clamped to 250 W. Without it a battery refusing from the
start is never quiet, so never learned, so never caught.
- **Until learned the idle reading is 0 W**: the rule as it was.
## Not chosen: the GoodWe LAN integration's DC battery power
Both inverters also appear through HA's GoodWe integration (B:
`sensor.kelder_dyness_battery_power`, 0 W at idle; found read-only on the
live HA 2026-10-04). Pointing `batt_entity` at it removes B's offset by
configuration, but:
- the band must be safe without it: other installs may not have it;
- it is polled over UDP on the inverter's Wi-Fi, a second channel that can
drop while the board keeps reading (HW-01 lost both once); a missing
reading stops the site;
- SAFETY-37's 35 s bound is derived from the board's 10 s publish; the
integration's poll interval (believed 10 s, not checked here) and latency
are not measured;
- DC power is not 0x0518, which SAFETY-30/31/42 were measured against.
It stays an install choice to test on the rig, not a code change here. With
it, the learned idle reading is simply ~0 W.
## Where it applies
Every test of "gives nothing / gives / takes" now uses `reading - idle`:
| check | change |
|---|---|
| shared refusal evidence `_gave_nothing` (N=1 and N>=2) | centred |
| N=1 engage and end in `compute()` (`idle_w`, the site sum) | centred |
| N=1 end in `_refusal_update` | centred |
| N>1 unit end (probe answered, takes the other way) | centred; uncentred, B's idle -100 W read as "takes 100 W" and ended a charge refusal at once |
| stale-path refusal (`_refusal_from_stale`, N=1 and N>1) | centred |
| SAFETY-42 "parked" (small ask, gives nothing) | centred |
| SAFETY-37 stale gate | unchanged: it grades register changes against command travel, not a level |
| SAFETY-57 release | unchanged: it reads the command only |
| SAFETY-30 per-unit sign | unchanged: opposition needs both over 250 W; B's 100 W idle cannot make or hide one alone |
| SAFETY-42 shortfall | unchanged: B reads ~100 W short at every power, which errs towards reporting (report only) |
## Bounds: owner decision 2026-10-04 (review R1)
Band: `|reading - centre| < 100 W`, centre = idle clamped to +-75 W.
- **Why a clamp under the band.** A wrong idle reading (taught during a
rest while the reading shows something else, e.g. a grid top-up of a unit
held at 0 W, or restored onto a swapped inverter) more than about 100 W off
hid every refusal on that battery, at N=1 and N=2; with the first +-250 W
clamp the rig missed a refusing A whenever the error was 110-250 W. At
+-75 W the band always keeps 0 W +-25 W, so a battery reading about 0 W
while refusing is caught whatever was learned or restored, and a wrong idle
cannot refuse a healthy 0 W battery (its ask is over 200 W).
- **The trade-off.** Options: keep +-250 W (covers idle readings to about
+-350 W, any 100 W mis-learn hides refusals); clamp to +-75 W (chosen);
"old band or centred band" (rejected: a correct B would need to give 200 W
to answer its 200 W probe).
- **Cost.** A battery whose idle reading is beyond about +-170 W is centred
at most 75 W out, so its refusal falls outside the band: it behaves as in
0.14.0 (not caught by this rule). B (-95 to -118 W) reads 20-43 W from its
clamped centre. B is caught across -150..+90 W of error in its idle
reading; learned 110 W or more too high it is missed, as in 0.14.0 at N=2.
- A frozen register is still caught by the stale gate at 35 s of asking.
- Recovery from a wrong value needs quiet time: tau 30 min.
## Catch times (rig, refusing from 200 s after a 400 s rest, +-4 W)
| refusing | meter 1 s | 2 s | 5 s |
|---|---|---|---|
| A, N=1 | 28 s (before 28) | 28 (28) | 65 (65) |
| A, N=2 | 28 (28) | 28 (28) | 110 (110) |
| B, N=1 | 28 (never) | 28 (never) | 65 (never) |
| B, N=2 | 24 (never) | 24 (never) | 60 (never) |
A at N=2 on a 5 s meter is 110 s here because the rig's grid goes flat once
A is cut, so the loop cycles on the 15 s floor; the same run on the PR before
SAFETY-97 gives 110 s. B restored after a restart, refusing from the start:
24 s; with nothing saved: never.
## Before -> after
- Healthy B with its offset, SAFETY-94's four scenarios, N=1 and N=2, 1/2/5 s
meters, both register shapes, idle learned or restored (96 runs): 0 stale,
0 refused. Reversals, lag 10/20 s, idle restored: 0.
- Live replay (SAFETY-94 part 1): 0 trips (the gate is untouched).